Desidratação lenta, em pequena escala, de banana: características físico- químicas e sensoriais
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A banana, um fruto altamente perecível e sujeita a perdas pós-colheita expressivas, pode ter sua vida útil prolongada por meio da desidratação, reduzindo desperdícios e agregando valor, especialmente para pequenos produtores. No entanto, equipamentos de alto custo, alto consumo de energia e de manutenção pouco acessível limitam a expansão desse produto, além de reações de degradação que podem comprometer a qualidade sensorial e nutricional do alimento. Os objetivos deste estudo foram divididos em duas etapas: a primeira envolveu o desenvolvimento e caracterização de um desidratador elétrico adaptado de baixo custo, comparando seu desempenho e a qualidade físico-química das bananas desidratadas obtidas com as de um desidratador convencional. A segunda etapa avaliou a vida de prateleira das bananas desidratadas armazenadas em três tipos de embalagens: bandeja de isopor com filme PVC (controle), saco plástico à vácuo e saco bioplástico compostável, por meio de análises físico-químicas (umidade e luminosidade) e testes sensoriais de aceitação, intenção de compra e perfil descritivo otimizado (PDO). Os resultados mostraram que o desidratador adaptado é uma alternativa eficaz, de baixo custo e de fácil operação e manutenção. Ele promoveu uma secagem lenta e satisfatória das bananas, preservando propriedades sensoriais e nutricionais. Aos 28 dias de armazenamento, a embalagem a vácuo ocasionou alterações no teor de umidade das bananas desidratadas, e também apresentou menor tamanho de efeito nas médias dos atributos sensoriais avaliados. Porém, em geral, todas as embalagens apresentaram-se como alternativas viáveis para conservação das bananas desidratadas pelo período de 42 dias. Conclui-se que o desidratador adaptado constitui uma alternativa prática e acessível, uma vez que possibilita a desidratação como uma estratégia eficiente para conservação e valorização da banana. Palavras-chave: agricultura familiar; desidratador adaptado; banana desidratada; pós-colheita de banana; banana passa
Banana is a highly perishable fruit, subject to significant postharvest losses, which can have its shelf life extended through dehydration — a process that reduces waste and adds value, especially for small producers. However, the high cost of equipment, high energy consumption, and limited maintenance accessibility restrict the expansion of this product, in addition to degradation reactions that may compromise its sensory and nutritional quality. The objectives of this study were divided into two stages: the first involved the development and characterization of a low-cost adapted electric dehydrator, comparing its performance and the physicochemical quality of the dehydrated bananas obtained with those produced in a conventional dehydrator. The second stage evaluated the shelf life of dehydrated bananas stored in three types of packaging: polystyrene tray with PVC film (control), vacuum plastic bag, and compostable bioplastic bag, through physicochemical analyses (moisture and luminosity) and sensory tests of acceptance, purchase intention, and optimized descriptive profile (ODP). The results showed that the adapted dehydrator is an effective, low-cost, and easy-to-operate and maintain alternative. It provided slow and satisfactory dehydration of bananas, preserving sensory and nutritional properties. After 28 days of storage, the vacuum packaging caused changes in the moisture content of the dehydrated bananas and also showed smaller effect sizes in the means of the evaluated sensory attributes. Overall, however, all packaging types proved to be viable alternatives for preserving dehydrated bananas for up to 42 days. It is concluded that the adapted dehydrator represents a practical and accessible solution, enabling dehydration as an efficient strategy for banana preservation and valorization. Keywords: family farming; adapted dehydrator; dehydrated banana; banana postharvest; dried banana
Banana is a highly perishable fruit, subject to significant postharvest losses, which can have its shelf life extended through dehydration — a process that reduces waste and adds value, especially for small producers. However, the high cost of equipment, high energy consumption, and limited maintenance accessibility restrict the expansion of this product, in addition to degradation reactions that may compromise its sensory and nutritional quality. The objectives of this study were divided into two stages: the first involved the development and characterization of a low-cost adapted electric dehydrator, comparing its performance and the physicochemical quality of the dehydrated bananas obtained with those produced in a conventional dehydrator. The second stage evaluated the shelf life of dehydrated bananas stored in three types of packaging: polystyrene tray with PVC film (control), vacuum plastic bag, and compostable bioplastic bag, through physicochemical analyses (moisture and luminosity) and sensory tests of acceptance, purchase intention, and optimized descriptive profile (ODP). The results showed that the adapted dehydrator is an effective, low-cost, and easy-to-operate and maintain alternative. It provided slow and satisfactory dehydration of bananas, preserving sensory and nutritional properties. After 28 days of storage, the vacuum packaging caused changes in the moisture content of the dehydrated bananas and also showed smaller effect sizes in the means of the evaluated sensory attributes. Overall, however, all packaging types proved to be viable alternatives for preserving dehydrated bananas for up to 42 days. It is concluded that the adapted dehydrator represents a practical and accessible solution, enabling dehydration as an efficient strategy for banana preservation and valorization. Keywords: family farming; adapted dehydrator; dehydrated banana; banana postharvest; dried banana
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ALVES, Gabriela Andrade. Desidratação lenta, em pequena escala, de banana: características físico- químicas e sensoriais. 2025. 48 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia - Produção Vegetal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba. 2025.
