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    Biometry in plant breeding
    (Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2021) Cruz, Cosme Damião; Carneiro, Pedro Crescêncio Souza; Bhering, Leonardo Lopes
    In this manuscript we discuss the purpose and scope of biometry and its interactions, complementation, and even overlap with several other areas of genetics. We emphasize that biometry is an area of genetics that enables researchers to analyze, process, and interpret biological phenomena from data, usually obtained from experimental tests, in an improved way to guide strategies and decision making for optimization of resources. We also highlight the importance of the biometry professional in the context of breeding and the need for continual training, due to new demands for and challenges from inclusion of different types of information for processing and analysis paradigms to better interpret these paradigms.
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    Síntese, caracterização e efeito antimicrobiano de compostos de Cu(II) e Zn(II) derivados de 1,2,4-triazois
    (Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences, 2022) Almeida, Patricia Saraiva Vilas Boas de; Maia, José Roberto da Silveira; Falqueto, Mariana Caliman; Oliveira, Leandro Licursi de
    Compostos de Cu(II) e Zn(II) com 3-R-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amina {R = metila (mta), fenila(pta)} foram preparados e caracterizados por espectroscopia no infravermelho (IV), RMN multinuclear (1H, 13C), espectroscopia eletrônica (UV-VIS), análise termogravimétrica (TGA), calorimetria de digitalização diferencial (DSC), microanálise e ponto de fusão. Materiais diméricos, monoméricos e poliméricos foram sintetizados neste trabalho. Os derivados Zn(II)-1,2,4-triazoltêm o íon metálico no centro de dois arranjos geométricos,sendo um tetraedro para os complexos-7e 9, e um octaedro para o complexo-8. O único material polimérico, complexo-7, foi caracterizado pelos dados analíticos do DSC. A reação de decomposição do complexo-8 em clorofórmio produziu o complexo-9, um derivado de aminoguanidina, e o compostoZn(II)-benzoato. O IV e UV-VIS dos derivados Cu(II)-mta revelaram dois padrões geométricos possíveis para o íon metálico; uma geometria trigonal bipiramidal distorcida para os compostos 10 e 11 em solução, e no estado sólido, a mesma geometria para o complexo-10, porém para o complexo-11, os dados de IV sugerem uma geometria octaédrica distorcida. O ensaio biológico dos compostos 1,2,4 triazol e seus derivados metálicos contra bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas mostrou os compostos de Zn(II) como os únicos materiais ativos com valores de MIC dentro da faixa de 133,5 μM (83,3 μg / mL) a 360,7 μM (166,6 μg / mL).
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    Genetic variability and recurrent selection in corn population with potential for green corn production
    (Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2021) Reis, Edésio Fialho dos; Costa, Maraiza Lima; Candido, Willame dos Santos; Pinto, Jefferson Fernando Naves; Silva, Caíque Machado e; Silva, Bruna Elaine de Almeida
    The present study selected progenies, aiming at the production of green corn, by methods of intrapopulation recurrent selection with subsequent recombination, generating open-pollinated populations. To this end, in the 2017/2018 second season, progenies from the PMVJ01 population (originated from the recombination of progenies of the TG-02R2 x AG1051 cross) were evaluated, using PMVJ01 and the hybrid AG1051 as controls. The following parameters were evaluated: flowering, heights, green ear yield, husk cover, ear diameter and length, mass yield, ear shape, number of rows on the ear, alignment of rows, color of kernels, and husk width and length. Genetic parameters were estimated, and the gain was predicted with the selection of 20% of the progenies, using the index of Mulamba and Mock in four selection procedures and a fifth by multivariate method. Genetic variability was found in the population, which allows advances in the selection process. After recombination, two of the populations generated showed potential for use as open-pollinated cultivar.
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    Mixed model-based Jinks and Pooni method to predict segregating populations in wheat breeding
    (Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2021) Mezzomo, Henrique Caletti; Casagrande, Cleiton Renato; Sousa, Diana Jhulia Palheta de; Borém, Aluízio; Silva, Fabyano Fonseca e; Nardino, Maicon
    The improvement of superior wheat cultivars depends on the identification of promising segregating populations to derive superior lines. A lattice model (8×8) involving 56 F2 populations and eight parents was conducted in the 2020 cropping season, and grain yield per plant was evaluated for every F2 population, with further analysis of the population potential by Jinks and Pooni method via REML/BLUP. A total of 5,410 F2 plants were evaluated in this study. The results showed that the use of genetic variance associated with the individual genotypic value (BLUP) was superior compared with the use of variance and traditional phenotypic values. The F2 populations, CD 1303/BRS 254, CD 1303/Tbio Duque, CD 1303/Tbio Ponteiro, BRS 264/Tbio Aton, Tbio Ponteiro/Tbio Aton, and Tbio Sossego/CD 1303 had the highest likelihood of deriving superior lines.
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    Potential of dry matter yield from alfalfa germplasm in composing base populations
    (Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2021) Costa, Weverton Gomes da; Santos, Iara Gonçalves dos; Silva Júnior, Antônio Carlos da; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Nascimento, Moysés; Ferreira, Reinaldo de Paula; Vilela, Duarte
    The aim of this study was to obtain estimates of genetic parameters via meta-analysis and mixed models to evaluate the potential of the germplasm from Embrapa Pecuaria Sudeste for integration in breeding programs. Data on the dry matter yield of 77 accessions evaluated in 24 harvests were used. Descriptive analysis was performed for mixed model and meta-analytical estimates. The variances for each parameter were estimated. For the meta-analysis, variances were used as weighting measures, and the fixed and random models were tested. A diagonal structure was considered for the residual variance matrix. Mean dry matter yield ranged from 1019.5 to 2684 kg ha-1. The phenotypic, permanent environmental, and genotypic variances oscillated widely throughout the harvests, as well as heritability. Meta-analytical estimates proved to be an accurate and complementary approach to the mixed model analysis. Both mixed model and meta-analytical estimates indicated the breeding potential of the alfalfa germplasm.