Trabalho doméstico no capitalismo dependente: rupturas e continuides
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O objetivo da presente dissertação é identificar se houveram mudanças no perfil e nas condições de trabalho das trabalhadoras domésticas a partir da Emenda Constitucional 72/2013 e da Lei Complementar 150/2015. A partir de uma análise crítica do trajeto legislativo sobre o trabalho doméstico remunerado no Brasil, levantamento bibliográfico internacional e nacional, bibliografias consolidadas e de levantamento de dados da Pnad Contínua buscou-se compreender o impacto dessas novas legislações. Tudo isso pelas lentes da teoria marxista da dependência, que explica ser toda a classe trabalhadora brasileira superexplorada e por isso as trabalhadoras domésticas brasileiras ainda mais, por ser esse trabalho o sustentáculo da reprodução capitalista no Brasil. Dessa forma, essa pesquisa conseguiu analisar que o perfil da trabalhadora doméstica não sofreu mudanças drásticas no período de tempo da promulgação da EC (2013) até 2023, permanecendo ocupado principalmente por mulheres negras e elas que, proporcionalmente, são mais atingidas pelas crises econômicas. Além disso, foi possível observar como a superexploração do trabalho se expressa no trabalho doméstico a partir das condições desse trabalho através das jornadas, remuneração, intensidade e nível de regularização. A partir dessas informações foi possível compreender que o trabalho doméstico, principalmente no Brasil, no contexto de dependência, é o trabalho que torna todos os demais possíveis. Palavras-chave: Interseccionalidade ; Direitos Trabalhistas; Precarização
The objective of this dissertation is to identify whether there have been changes in the profile and working conditions of domestic workers following Constitutional Amendment 72/2013 and Complementary Law 150/2015. Based on a critical analysis of the legislative trajectory on paid domestic work in Brazil, an international and national bibliographic survey, consolidated bibliographies and data collection from Pnad Contínua, we sought to understand the impact of these new laws. All of this through the lens of the Marxist Dependency Theory, which explains that the entire Brazilian working class is super-exploited and therefore Brazilian domestic workers even more so, as this work is the basis of capitalist reproduction in Brazil. In this way, this research was able to analyze that the profile of domestic workers did not undergo drastic changes in the period of time from the promulgation of the EC (2013) until 2023, remaining occupied mainly by black women and they are proportionally more affected by economic crises. Furthermore, it was possible to observe how the overexploitation of work is expressed in domestic work based on the conditions of this work through working hours, remuneration, intensity and level of regularization. From this information it was possible to understand that domestic work, especially in Brazil, in the context of dependence, is the work that makes all others possible. Keywords: Intersectionality; Labor Rights; Precariousness
The objective of this dissertation is to identify whether there have been changes in the profile and working conditions of domestic workers following Constitutional Amendment 72/2013 and Complementary Law 150/2015. Based on a critical analysis of the legislative trajectory on paid domestic work in Brazil, an international and national bibliographic survey, consolidated bibliographies and data collection from Pnad Contínua, we sought to understand the impact of these new laws. All of this through the lens of the Marxist Dependency Theory, which explains that the entire Brazilian working class is super-exploited and therefore Brazilian domestic workers even more so, as this work is the basis of capitalist reproduction in Brazil. In this way, this research was able to analyze that the profile of domestic workers did not undergo drastic changes in the period of time from the promulgation of the EC (2013) until 2023, remaining occupied mainly by black women and they are proportionally more affected by economic crises. Furthermore, it was possible to observe how the overexploitation of work is expressed in domestic work based on the conditions of this work through working hours, remuneration, intensity and level of regularization. From this information it was possible to understand that domestic work, especially in Brazil, in the context of dependence, is the work that makes all others possible. Keywords: Intersectionality; Labor Rights; Precariousness
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ALMEIDA, Marianne Ribeiro de. Trabalho doméstico no capitalismo dependente: rupturas e continuides. 2025. 153 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia Doméstica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
