Brincando de morrer, morrendo de brincar: estratégias discursivas e representações da morte em memes na pandemia
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em 2020, o Brasil experimentou um aumento significativo no uso das redes sociais. Um estudo da Fundação Getúlio Vargas revelou que 34% das menções no Twitter sobre a doença eram memes, superando as notícias compartilhadas (17%). A produção de memes refletiu não apenas o desafio do momento, mas também a capacidade da cultura digital brasileira de usar o humor como ferramenta de enfrentamento e expressão coletiva. Os memes tornaram-se uma forma de conexão e expressão diante das experiências compartilhadas durante esse período histórico desafiador, marcado por um alto número de óbitos. Diante desse contexto, este trabalho visa analisar discursivamente as estratégias de representação da morte durante a pandemia no Brasil, utilizando memes coletados no Facebook. A coleta de dados abrange 30 memes publicados entre 17 de março de 2020, data da primeira morte por COVID-19, e 22 de maio de 2020, momento em que ocorreu o pico de óbitos diários no ano mencionado. Nossa abordagem analítica baseia-se, predominantemente, nos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da Teoria Semiolinguística. O percurso de análise está organizado da seguinte forma: (a) análise da comunicação real entre memes e leitores; (b) análise da comunicação ficcional entre personagens; (c) análise da mise en scène humorística, explorando jogo semântico, jogo enunciativo e jogo imagético. Nesta pesquisa, observamos que trabalhar com memes é uma tarefa desafiadora, pois esse gênero possui muitas especificidades, como a ampla circulação no ambiente digital, a presença fundamental de elementos imagéticos, a utilização central do humor por meio de recursos variados e uma quantidade limitada de material verbal. Com relação aos resultados, verificamos que a temática da morte é abordada de maneira eufêmica, sendo recorrente a preferência por criar humor por meio de referências e associações indiretas. Palavras-chave: Análise do Discurso. Semiolinguística. Pandemia. Memes. Morte.
During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Brazil experienced a significant increase in social media usage. A study by Fundação Getúlio Vargas revealed that 34% of mentions on Twitter about the disease were memes, surpassing shared news (17%). The production of memes reflected not only the challenge of the moment, but also the capacity of Brazilian digital culture to use humor as a tool for coping and collective expression. Memes have become a form of connection and expression given the experiences shared during this challenging historical period, marked by a high number of deaths. Given this context, this work aims to discursively analyze the representation strategies of death during the pandemic in Brazil, using memes collected on Facebook. The data collection covers 30 memes published between March 17, 2020, the date of the first death from COVID-19, and May 22, 2020, when the peak of daily deaths occurred in the year mentioned. Our analytical approach is predominantly based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of Semiolinguistic Theory. The analysis path is organized as follows: (a) analysis of real communication between memes and readers; (b) analysis of fictional communication between characters; (c) analysis of humorous mise en scène, exploring semantic play, enunciative play and imagery play. In this research, we observed that working with memes is a challenging task, as this genre has many specificities, such as wide circulation in the digital environment, the fundamental presence of image elements, the central use of humor through varied resources and a limited amount of verbal material. Regarding the results, we found that the theme of death is approached in a euphemistic way, with a recurring preference for creating humor through references and indirect associations. Keywords: Discourse Analysis. Semiolinguistics. Pandemic. Memes. Death.
During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Brazil experienced a significant increase in social media usage. A study by Fundação Getúlio Vargas revealed that 34% of mentions on Twitter about the disease were memes, surpassing shared news (17%). The production of memes reflected not only the challenge of the moment, but also the capacity of Brazilian digital culture to use humor as a tool for coping and collective expression. Memes have become a form of connection and expression given the experiences shared during this challenging historical period, marked by a high number of deaths. Given this context, this work aims to discursively analyze the representation strategies of death during the pandemic in Brazil, using memes collected on Facebook. The data collection covers 30 memes published between March 17, 2020, the date of the first death from COVID-19, and May 22, 2020, when the peak of daily deaths occurred in the year mentioned. Our analytical approach is predominantly based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of Semiolinguistic Theory. The analysis path is organized as follows: (a) analysis of real communication between memes and readers; (b) analysis of fictional communication between characters; (c) analysis of humorous mise en scène, exploring semantic play, enunciative play and imagery play. In this research, we observed that working with memes is a challenging task, as this genre has many specificities, such as wide circulation in the digital environment, the fundamental presence of image elements, the central use of humor through varied resources and a limited amount of verbal material. Regarding the results, we found that the theme of death is approached in a euphemistic way, with a recurring preference for creating humor through references and indirect associations. Keywords: Discourse Analysis. Semiolinguistics. Pandemic. Memes. Death.
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SOUZA, Bruna Kelly de Oliveira. Brincando de morrer, morrendo de brincar: estratégias discursivas e representações da morte em memes na pandemia. 2024. 104 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Letras) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
