Formação de sujeitos ecológicos através de uma abordagem bourdieusiana da educação ambiental
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A formação de sujeitos ecológicos passa pela implementação da Educação Ambiental (EA) em todos os níveis educacionais, em todas as disciplinas e em todos os cursos. No entanto, esta universalização da EA enfrenta desafios que vão além das dificuldades meramente educacionais, uma vez que a EA é um campo e está sujeita a relações de poder e disputa por capital ambiental e relevância dentro daquele. Além disso, pelo fato de a EA ter a responsabilidade de atuar como uma mediadora entre o campo ambiental e o campo social, uma série de fenômenos sociológicos podem interferir em sua universalização e implementação. Assim, investigamos a EA desde o seu surgimento até chegar à formação docente no Brasil, em seguida, investigamos como os cursos de formação docente implementam a EA na preparação dos professores e, por fim, investigamos quais são os principais desafios e soluções para a implementação da EA na prática docente, sobretudo na educação básica. Concluímos que apesar do desenvolvimento teórico da EA, sua aplicação na formação docente ainda não se baseia na vertente Crítica e está aquém do que é instituído nos principais documentos normativos. Reiteramos que a EA deve deixar de ser apenas um tema transversal na formação docente e passar a ser uma disciplina permanente e integrada aos projetos políticos de curso para a aquisição de capital ambiental por parte dos professores em treinamento. Por fim, mostramos que os desafios para a implementação da EA hoje são os mesmos desde a fundação do campo, na década de 70 e para serem superados, faz-se necessária uma mudança profunda nos sistemas educacionais, começando pela adoção de uma pedagogia crítica e transformadora e pelo abandono da tendência reprodutivista da educação. Palavras-chave: Capital Ambiental; Bourdieu; Educação Ambiental Crítica
The formation of ecological subjects involves the implementation of Environmental Education (EE) at all educational levels, in all subjects, and across all courses. However, this universalization of EE faces challenges that go beyond purely educational difficulties, as EE is a social field and is subject to power relations and disputes over environmental capital and relevance within the field. Furthermore, because EE has the responsibility of acting as a mediator between the environmental field and the social field, a series of sociological phenomena can interfere with its universalization and implementation. Thus, we investigated EE from its emergence to teacher education in Brazil. Next, we examined how teacher education courses implement EE in the preparation of teachers. Finally, we investigated the main challenges and solutions for the implementation of EE in teaching practice, especially in basic education. We concluded that despite the theoretical development of EE, its application in teacher education does not yet follow the Critical perspective and falls short of what is established in the main normative documents. We reiterate that EE should cease to be merely a cross-cutting theme in teacher education and become a permanent and integrated discipline within political course projects for the acquisition of environmental capital by teachers in training. Finally, we show that the challenges for the implementation of EE today are the same as since the foundation of the field in the 1970s, and to overcome them, a profound change in educational systems is necessary, starting with the adoption of a critical and transformative pedagogy and the abandonment of the reproductive tendency of education. Keywords: Environmental Capital; Bourdieu; Critical Environmental Education
The formation of ecological subjects involves the implementation of Environmental Education (EE) at all educational levels, in all subjects, and across all courses. However, this universalization of EE faces challenges that go beyond purely educational difficulties, as EE is a social field and is subject to power relations and disputes over environmental capital and relevance within the field. Furthermore, because EE has the responsibility of acting as a mediator between the environmental field and the social field, a series of sociological phenomena can interfere with its universalization and implementation. Thus, we investigated EE from its emergence to teacher education in Brazil. Next, we examined how teacher education courses implement EE in the preparation of teachers. Finally, we investigated the main challenges and solutions for the implementation of EE in teaching practice, especially in basic education. We concluded that despite the theoretical development of EE, its application in teacher education does not yet follow the Critical perspective and falls short of what is established in the main normative documents. We reiterate that EE should cease to be merely a cross-cutting theme in teacher education and become a permanent and integrated discipline within political course projects for the acquisition of environmental capital by teachers in training. Finally, we show that the challenges for the implementation of EE today are the same as since the foundation of the field in the 1970s, and to overcome them, a profound change in educational systems is necessary, starting with the adoption of a critical and transformative pedagogy and the abandonment of the reproductive tendency of education. Keywords: Environmental Capital; Bourdieu; Critical Environmental Education
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PIMENTEL, Paulo Antônio. Formação de sujeitos ecológicos através de uma abordagem bourdieusiana da educação ambiental. 2025. 95 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Educação em Ciências e Matemática) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Florestal. 2025.
