Eficiência relacionada à absorção e utilização de nitrogênio, fósforo e enxofre, em plantas de cafeeiros enxertadas, cultivadas em vasos
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Data
2008-10-14
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Ciência e Agrotecnologia
Resumo
O estudo da eficiência nutricional de plantas de cafeeiro (Coffea. arabica) enxertadas visou conhecer preliminarmente os potenciais de clones de Conilon (C. canephora) como porta-enxertos quanto à absorção e utilização de N, P e S. O experimento foi realizado no viveiro do setor de cafeicultura do Departamento de Fitopatologia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, utilizando vasos de 20 litros em ambiente aberto. Foram empregados como porta-enxerto cinco progênies famílias de meio-irmãos de clones elites de C. canephora Pierre cv. Conilon do programa de melhoramento de cafeeiros robusta do INCAPER: 'ES 21', 'ES 36', 'ES 26', 'ES 23' e 'ES 38'. Utilizaram-se como enxertos as cultivares Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 e Oeiras MG 6851 e as linhagens H 419-10-3-4-4 e H 514-5-5-3 de C. arabica. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 24 tratamentos e 3 repetições, sendo quatro pés-francos e 20 combinações de enxertia. No cultivo em vasos, a cultivar Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 quando combinada com os porta-enxertos ES 26 e ES 23 apresentou maior produção de matéria seca e utilização de N e P quando comparada com o pé-franco. Na maioria das vezes as plantas enxertadas cultivadas em vaso, tiveram desempenho igual ou inferior às plantas controles ( pé-franco) quanto à eficiência nutricional e produção de matéria seca.
Studies of nutritional efficiency coffee (Coffea arabica) grafted plants were performed in order to verify the potential of Conilon (C. canephora) clones as rootstocks considering the absorption and use of N, P and S. The experiment was conducted in the coffee plant nursery of the Plant Pathology Department of the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, in an open environment using 20 L pots. Five half-sibling elite clones of C. canephora Pierre cv. Conilon ('ES 21', 'ES 36', 'ES 26', 'ES 23' and 'ES 38') obtained from the INCAPER coffee breeding program were used as rootstocks. The cultivars Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 and Oeiras MG 6851 and the progenies H 419-10-3-4-4 and H 514-5-5-3 of C. Arabica were used as grafts. The experimental design was completely randomized containing 24 treatments and 3 replicates with four control plants and 20 grafting combinations. Cultivating in pots, the cultivar Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 combined with the rootstocks ES 26 and ES 23 presented higher production of dryer matter and use of N and P compared with the control. In general, grafted plants cultivated in pots showed similar or inferior performance in relation to the control varieties, regarding nutritional efficiency and dry matter production.
Studies of nutritional efficiency coffee (Coffea arabica) grafted plants were performed in order to verify the potential of Conilon (C. canephora) clones as rootstocks considering the absorption and use of N, P and S. The experiment was conducted in the coffee plant nursery of the Plant Pathology Department of the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, in an open environment using 20 L pots. Five half-sibling elite clones of C. canephora Pierre cv. Conilon ('ES 21', 'ES 36', 'ES 26', 'ES 23' and 'ES 38') obtained from the INCAPER coffee breeding program were used as rootstocks. The cultivars Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 and Oeiras MG 6851 and the progenies H 419-10-3-4-4 and H 514-5-5-3 of C. Arabica were used as grafts. The experimental design was completely randomized containing 24 treatments and 3 replicates with four control plants and 20 grafting combinations. Cultivating in pots, the cultivar Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 combined with the rootstocks ES 26 and ES 23 presented higher production of dryer matter and use of N and P compared with the control. In general, grafted plants cultivated in pots showed similar or inferior performance in relation to the control varieties, regarding nutritional efficiency and dry matter production.
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Palavras-chave
Coffea canephora, Coffea arabica, Eficiência nutricional, Porta-enxertos