Análise da formação de um grupo de licenciandos em Química da Universidade Federal de Viçosa sobre as experiências educacionais relacionadas à neurodiversidade
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O aumento nas matrículas dos estudantes neurodiversos em instituições de ensino regulares exige dos professores formação pedagógica adequada, a fim de propor práticas inclusivas que assegurem aos alunos da Educação Especial acesso e permanência nas Escolas. Assim, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, de caráter participante e documental, analisamos a formação dos licenciandos em Química da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) quanto às suas experiências com estudantes neurodiversos (Transtorno do Espectro Autista e Altas Habilidades/Superdotação). Para tanto, realizamos a análise documental do Projeto Pedagógico do Curso (PPC) de Licenciatura em Química da UFV. Sobre a construção dos dados, ela se deu com um questionário e um Grupo Focal, ambos com o objetivo de mapearmos as experiências educacionais dos licenciandos em Química da UFV, associadas à análise documental do PPC do curso e as trajetórias acadêmicas, buscando com isso compreendermos a percepção sobre o trabalho com estudantes neurodiversos em espaços educacionais. A análise dos dados, inspirada na Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Laurence Bardin, e na Análise de Estudo de Casos, proposta por Robert Yin, indicaram que, embora haja menção à temática, as discussões ainda ocorrem de modo incipiente na prática, sendo insuficientes para capacitar os licenciandos a lidarem com a inclusão. Além disso, a temática inclusiva era abordada sem aporte teórico consistente e em momentos esparsos. A formação mostrou-se ainda mais lacunar em relação aos alunos com Altas Habilidades/Superdotação, tendo relatos da falta de conhecimento sobre as abordagens didáticas na Química para lidarem com tal condição. Contudo, verificamos a sensibilidade e o interesse no tema, indicando que, mesmo ainda incipiente, a discussão foi capaz de despertar nos licenciandos um olhar mais sensível à temática. Ademais, os resultados descreveram a importância das experiências educacionais para a construção do saber pedagógico na formação, especialmente no âmbito de programas de estágio e de Iniciação à docência, mas que ainda são insuficientes para a construção de metodologias voltadas à efetivar a inclusão. Dessa maneira, compreendemos a necessidade de discussões da temática inclusiva, especialmente dos neurodiversos, durante o processo formativo dos licenciandos em Química. Ao final, elaboramos um material didático para subsidiar discussões futuras e a construção de conhecimentos acerca da temática, no contexto da formação inicial dos professores de Química. Palavras-chave: Educação Especial e Inclusiva; Formação de Professores; Transtorno do Espectro Autista; Altas Habilidades/Superdotação
The increase in enrollment of neurodiverse students in mainstream educational institutions demands adequate pedagogical training from teachers in order to propose inclusive practices that ensure access of students with special educational needs in schools. Thus, through qualitative, exploratory, participatory, and documentary research, we analyzed the training of pre-service chemistry teachers at the Federal University of Viçosa (FUV) regarding their experiences with neurodiverse students (Autism Spectrum Disorder and High Abilities/Giftedness). To this end, we conducted a documentary analysis of the Pedagogical Project of the Chemistry Bachelor Degree at FUV (PPC). Data were gathered with a questionnaire and a focus group, both aimed at mapping the educational experiences of undergraduate Chemistry students at FUV, associated with the documentary analysis of the course's PPC and academic trajectories, seeking to understand their perception of approaching with neurodiverse students in educational settings. The data analysis, inspired by the Content Analysis, proposed by Laurence Bardin, and the Case Study Analysis, proposed by Robert Yin, indicated that, although the topic is mentioned, discussions are still incipient in practice, being insufficient to empower pre-service chemistry teachers to deal with inclusion. Furthermore, the inclusive theme was addressed without consistent theoretical support and in sporadic moments. The training proved even more deficient in relation to students with High Abilities/Giftedness, with reports of a lack of knowledge about didactic approaches in Chemistry to deal with this condition. However, we observed sensitivity and interest in the topic, indicating that, even still incipient, the discussion was able to awaken in the pre-service chemistry teachers a more sensitive perspective on the subject. Moreover, the results described the importance of educational experiences for the construction of pedagogical knowledge in training, especially within the scope of internship programs and teacher training, but that these are still insufficient for the construction of methodologies aimed at effectively implementing inclusion. In this way, we understand the need for discussions on inclusive themes, especially those concerning neurodiverse individuals, during the training process of pre-service chemistry teachers. Finally, we developed teaching materials to support future discussions and the construction of knowledge about this topic within the context of teacher training in Chemistry course at Brazilian university. Keywords: Inclusive and Special Education; Teacher Education; Autism Spectrum Disorder; High Abilities/Giftedness
The increase in enrollment of neurodiverse students in mainstream educational institutions demands adequate pedagogical training from teachers in order to propose inclusive practices that ensure access of students with special educational needs in schools. Thus, through qualitative, exploratory, participatory, and documentary research, we analyzed the training of pre-service chemistry teachers at the Federal University of Viçosa (FUV) regarding their experiences with neurodiverse students (Autism Spectrum Disorder and High Abilities/Giftedness). To this end, we conducted a documentary analysis of the Pedagogical Project of the Chemistry Bachelor Degree at FUV (PPC). Data were gathered with a questionnaire and a focus group, both aimed at mapping the educational experiences of undergraduate Chemistry students at FUV, associated with the documentary analysis of the course's PPC and academic trajectories, seeking to understand their perception of approaching with neurodiverse students in educational settings. The data analysis, inspired by the Content Analysis, proposed by Laurence Bardin, and the Case Study Analysis, proposed by Robert Yin, indicated that, although the topic is mentioned, discussions are still incipient in practice, being insufficient to empower pre-service chemistry teachers to deal with inclusion. Furthermore, the inclusive theme was addressed without consistent theoretical support and in sporadic moments. The training proved even more deficient in relation to students with High Abilities/Giftedness, with reports of a lack of knowledge about didactic approaches in Chemistry to deal with this condition. However, we observed sensitivity and interest in the topic, indicating that, even still incipient, the discussion was able to awaken in the pre-service chemistry teachers a more sensitive perspective on the subject. Moreover, the results described the importance of educational experiences for the construction of pedagogical knowledge in training, especially within the scope of internship programs and teacher training, but that these are still insufficient for the construction of methodologies aimed at effectively implementing inclusion. In this way, we understand the need for discussions on inclusive themes, especially those concerning neurodiverse individuals, during the training process of pre-service chemistry teachers. Finally, we developed teaching materials to support future discussions and the construction of knowledge about this topic within the context of teacher training in Chemistry course at Brazilian university. Keywords: Inclusive and Special Education; Teacher Education; Autism Spectrum Disorder; High Abilities/Giftedness
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ALBUINE, Mariana Souza. Análise da formação de um grupo de licenciandos em Química da Universidade Federal de Viçosa sobre as experiências educacionais relacionadas à neurodiversidade. 2025. 117 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Educação em Ciências e Matemática) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
