Influencia da adubação na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de quatro variedades de café (coffea arabica l.)
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Data
2005-07
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Revista Ceres
Resumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da adubação da planta matriz na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de cafeeiro. Foram coletadas sementes de cafeeiros que foram submetidos a baixos, adequados e altos níveis de adubação durante cinco anos. O nível de adubação adequado foi determinado de acordo com a análise de solo e marcha de acúmulo. O nível baixo de adubação recebeu 40% da dose recomendada para o nível adequado. Para o nível alto de adubação utilizou-se 60% a mais do que a dose recomendada para o nível adequado. Os frutos de café, espécie Coffea arabica variedades Catuaí Vermelho (IAC-99), Icatu Amarelo (IAC-3282), Rubi (MG-1192) e Acaiá (IAC-474-19) foram colhidos ao acaso no estádio cereja, lavados, descascados, despolpados e as sementes secas à sombra até atingirem 12% de umidade (base úmida). As sementes foram submetidas a testes no laboratório e em casa de vegetação. Em ambos os casos o delineamento adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Para o teste de germinação realizado no laboratório cada repetição foi constituída de 50 sementes enroladas em papel toalha embebido 2,5 vezes seu peso em água e mantidos a urna temperatura constante de 30° C. Nos testes realizados em casa de vegetação utilizaram-se 50 sementes por repetição, dispostas em leito de areia e recobertas com uma camada de areia de 2,0 cm. No último caso a umidade foi mantida através de 2 irrigações diárias, e nao havia nenhum controle de temperatura. Em laboratório foi avaliado a percentagem de plantulas normais e primeira contagem de germinação. Na casa de vegetação avaliaram-se a percentagem e a velocidade de emergencia em areia. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análises de variancia e os valores médios foram comparados por meio do teste de Duncan. Os resultados mostraram que o nível alto de adubação aumentou o vigor e qualidade das sementes de café produzidas.
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of coffee tree fertilization on the physiological quality of the coffee seeds produced. Coffee trees were submitted to low, adequate and high fertilization levels over five years. Adequate fertilization level was determined according to soil analysis and plant nutrient requirements. Fertilizer doses 40%lower than the doses applied at the adequate level were used for the low fertilization level and fertilizer doses 60%higher than the doses applied at the adequate level were used for the high fertilization level Coffee fruits of the Cojjºen arabica varieties Catuaí Vermelho (IAC-99), Icatu Amarelo (IAC-3282), Rabi (MG-1192) and Acaiá (IAC-47449) were chosen at random at the cherry stage, washed, peeled, and shelled and the seeds were dried in the shade until reaching 12% of moisture content (humid base). The seeds were submitted to laboratory and greenhouse germination tests. In both cases the trials were arranged in a completely randomized design, with foor replicates. For the laboratory germination trial, each replication was constituted of 50 perfect seeds rolled in moistened germination paper and maintained at a constant temperature of 30º C. For the greenhouse trial 50 perfect seeds pee replication were disposed in a sand bed and covered with a sand layer of 2.0 em. ln the latter case, humidity was maintained with two daily irrigations and there was no temperature control. Normal seedling percentage and first germination counting were evaluated in the laboratory. Emergeace percentage and speed in the sand were evaluated in the greenheuse. The data obtained were submitted to variance analyses and mean values were compared by the Duncan test. The results showed that the high fertilization level improved. the vigor and quality of the coffee seeds produced.
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of coffee tree fertilization on the physiological quality of the coffee seeds produced. Coffee trees were submitted to low, adequate and high fertilization levels over five years. Adequate fertilization level was determined according to soil analysis and plant nutrient requirements. Fertilizer doses 40%lower than the doses applied at the adequate level were used for the low fertilization level and fertilizer doses 60%higher than the doses applied at the adequate level were used for the high fertilization level Coffee fruits of the Cojjºen arabica varieties Catuaí Vermelho (IAC-99), Icatu Amarelo (IAC-3282), Rabi (MG-1192) and Acaiá (IAC-47449) were chosen at random at the cherry stage, washed, peeled, and shelled and the seeds were dried in the shade until reaching 12% of moisture content (humid base). The seeds were submitted to laboratory and greenhouse germination tests. In both cases the trials were arranged in a completely randomized design, with foor replicates. For the laboratory germination trial, each replication was constituted of 50 perfect seeds rolled in moistened germination paper and maintained at a constant temperature of 30º C. For the greenhouse trial 50 perfect seeds pee replication were disposed in a sand bed and covered with a sand layer of 2.0 em. ln the latter case, humidity was maintained with two daily irrigations and there was no temperature control. Normal seedling percentage and first germination counting were evaluated in the laboratory. Emergeace percentage and speed in the sand were evaluated in the greenheuse. The data obtained were submitted to variance analyses and mean values were compared by the Duncan test. The results showed that the high fertilization level improved. the vigor and quality of the coffee seeds produced.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cofee: arabica L., Sementes, Adubação, Vigor