Arranjos espaciais e adubação do feijoeiro-comum consorciado com milho em cultivo simultâneo
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Data
2003-09
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Revista Ceres
Resumo
Três ensaios com o consórcio milho-feijão (plantio simultâneo dessas culturas) foram instalados em Coimbra, MG, em 29/10/92, 24/11/93 e 25/11/98. Os tratamentos empregados em 1992 foram: a) milho em monocultivo (40 mil plantas/ha); b) milho em monocultivo (50 mil plantas/ha); c) feijão em monocultivo; d) milho e feijão plantados na mesma fileira; e) feijão (não-adubado) plantado no meio das fileiras do milho; f) igual ao e, mas com o feijão adubado; g) feijão plantado no meio (não adubado) e dentro das mas com o feijão adubado; g) feijão plantado no meio (não adubado) e dentro das fileiras de milho; e h) igual ao g, mas com o feijão adubado. Em 1993 e 1998 foi incluído o tratamento milho e feijão plantados na mesma cova. O milho sempre foi adubado. Em 1992 e 1993 foram empregados o cv. de feijão Ouro e o milho Ag 210; em 1998, o feijão Meia Noite e o milho Ag 122. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com seis repetições. O arranjo espacial em que o feijão foi semeado dentro e no meio das fileiras de
milho foi o que mais beneficiou a leguminosa, enquanto o arranjo com o feijão no meio das fileiras de milho foi o que mais beneficiou o milho. Nesses dois arranjos, a adubação dos feijoeiros semeados no meio das ruas de cereal aumentou-lhes o rendimento em 9,4% e 43 %, respectivamente; o milho não se beneficiou dessa adubação. O plantio em fileiras ou covas levou ao mesmo rendimento de milho ou feijão.
Three trials involving the associated stopping of maize and beans planted simultaneously were carried out in Coimbra Minas Gerais, Brazil. The trials were installed on October 10, 1992; November 24, 1993; and November 25, 1998. In 1992, treatments were the following: a) maize monocrop (40 thousand plants/ha); b) maize monoerop (50 thousand plants/ha); c) bean monocrop; d) maize and beans seeded in the same row; e) beans (not fertilized) seeded in the middle of maize rows; f) the same as e, but with fertilized beans; g) beans seeded in the middle (not fertilized) of maíze rows and within maize rows; and h) the same as in g, but with fertilized beans. In 1993 and 1998, maize and beans seeded in the same hole was included. Maize was always fertilized. The bean cultivars Ouro (1992 and 1993) and Meia Noite (1998) and the maize cultivam; Ag 210 (1992 and 1993) and Ag 122 (1998) were used in a randomized complete-block design with six replications. Spatial mangement in which beans were seeded within and in the middle of the maize rows was the best for the former crop yield. Beans only in the middle of the maize rows was the best for the latter crop yield. For these two arrangements, fertilization increased bean yield by 94% and 43%, respectively, but it did not benefit maize. Seeding in rows or in holes had the same effect on beans and maize yields.
Three trials involving the associated stopping of maize and beans planted simultaneously were carried out in Coimbra Minas Gerais, Brazil. The trials were installed on October 10, 1992; November 24, 1993; and November 25, 1998. In 1992, treatments were the following: a) maize monocrop (40 thousand plants/ha); b) maize monoerop (50 thousand plants/ha); c) bean monocrop; d) maize and beans seeded in the same row; e) beans (not fertilized) seeded in the middle of maize rows; f) the same as e, but with fertilized beans; g) beans seeded in the middle (not fertilized) of maíze rows and within maize rows; and h) the same as in g, but with fertilized beans. In 1993 and 1998, maize and beans seeded in the same hole was included. Maize was always fertilized. The bean cultivars Ouro (1992 and 1993) and Meia Noite (1998) and the maize cultivam; Ag 210 (1992 and 1993) and Ag 122 (1998) were used in a randomized complete-block design with six replications. Spatial mangement in which beans were seeded within and in the middle of the maize rows was the best for the former crop yield. Beans only in the middle of the maize rows was the best for the latter crop yield. For these two arrangements, fertilization increased bean yield by 94% and 43%, respectively, but it did not benefit maize. Seeding in rows or in holes had the same effect on beans and maize yields.
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Palavras-chave
Phaseolus vulgaris, Zea mays, Produtividade, Índice de equivalência de área