O ensino de ciências e a pedagogia de projetos: percepções e práticas docentes
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O ensino de Ciências na Educação Infantil exige metodologias que integrem exploração, investigação e experiências concretas, superando práticas tradicionais centradas em atividades descontextualizadas. Nesse cenário, a Pedagogia de Projetos surge como alternativa promissora por articular conhecimentos, promover participação ativa e favorecer aprendizagens significativas. Este estudo analisou a viabilidade dessa abordagem como prática pedagógica para o ensino de Ciências, tendo como eixo formativo um curso ofertado a professoras de uma escola municipal de Viçosa (MG). Desenvolvido com abordagem qualitativa e princípios da pesquisa- ação, o estudo valorizou a participação das docentes em todo o processo investigativo. A coleta de dados incluiu questionários, análise documental e observação participante. Nos cinco encontros formativos, as professoras discutiram concepções de ensino, analisaram desafios, construíram coletivamente um projeto interdisciplinar e o implementaram em suas turmas, com ênfase na criação de uma horta escolar. A intervenção evidenciou que o contato com a natureza, a investigação e a observação sistemática ampliaram a curiosidade, a linguagem e o pensamento científico das crianças. Os resultados mostram que a formação continuada articulada à prática favorece mudanças de concepções, reorganiza o planejamento, reduz a fragmentação curricular e fortalece práticas interdisciplinares. Conclui-se que a Pedagogia de Projetos é um caminho potente para o ensino de Ciências na Educação Infantil, especialmente quando associada a processos investigativos que aproximam teoria, experiência e vida cotidiana. Palavras-chave: formação docente; prática pedagógica; interdisciplinaridade; aprendizagem infantil
Science education in Early Childhood Education requires methodologies that integrate exploration, investigation, and concrete experiences, overcoming traditional practices centered on decontextualized activities. In this context, Project-Based Pedagogy emerges as a promising approach, as it articulates different areas of knowledge, promotes children’s active participation, and supports meaningful learning. This study analyzed the viability of Project-Based Pedagogy as a teaching practice for Science in Early Childhood Education, guided by a professional development course offered to teachers in a municipal school in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The research employed a qualitative approach inspired by action- research principles, emphasizing teacher participation throughout the investigative process. Data were collected through questionnaires, document analysis of materials produced during the training sessions, and participant observation. Across five formative meetings, teachers discussed conceptions of Science teaching, analyzed classroom challenges, collaboratively designed an interdisciplinary project, and implemented it with their groups, with emphasis on establishing a school garden. The intervention revealed that direct contact with nature, investigation of plant growth, experimentation, and systematic observation enhanced children’s curiosity, oral and graphic language, and initial scientific thinking. Results indicate that professional development aligned with real practice and collective reflection supports changes in teacher conceptions, reorganizes planning, reduces curricular fragmentation, and strengthens interdisciplinary practices. The study concludes that Project-Based Pedagogy is a powerful approach for Science teaching in Early Childhood Education, especially when connected to teacher education and investigative practices that bring theory, experience, and everyday life into closer dialogue. Keywords: teacher education ; project-based pedagogy; early childhood learning; interdisciplinary practices
Science education in Early Childhood Education requires methodologies that integrate exploration, investigation, and concrete experiences, overcoming traditional practices centered on decontextualized activities. In this context, Project-Based Pedagogy emerges as a promising approach, as it articulates different areas of knowledge, promotes children’s active participation, and supports meaningful learning. This study analyzed the viability of Project-Based Pedagogy as a teaching practice for Science in Early Childhood Education, guided by a professional development course offered to teachers in a municipal school in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The research employed a qualitative approach inspired by action- research principles, emphasizing teacher participation throughout the investigative process. Data were collected through questionnaires, document analysis of materials produced during the training sessions, and participant observation. Across five formative meetings, teachers discussed conceptions of Science teaching, analyzed classroom challenges, collaboratively designed an interdisciplinary project, and implemented it with their groups, with emphasis on establishing a school garden. The intervention revealed that direct contact with nature, investigation of plant growth, experimentation, and systematic observation enhanced children’s curiosity, oral and graphic language, and initial scientific thinking. Results indicate that professional development aligned with real practice and collective reflection supports changes in teacher conceptions, reorganizes planning, reduces curricular fragmentation, and strengthens interdisciplinary practices. The study concludes that Project-Based Pedagogy is a powerful approach for Science teaching in Early Childhood Education, especially when connected to teacher education and investigative practices that bring theory, experience, and everyday life into closer dialogue. Keywords: teacher education ; project-based pedagogy; early childhood learning; interdisciplinary practices
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MONTEIRO, Franciene Evangelista. O ensino de ciências e a pedagogia de projetos: percepções e práticas docentes. 2025. 117 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Educação em Ciências e Matemática) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
