O trabalho de assistentes sociais nos IFs: da bolsificação à defesa intransigente dos direitos humanos
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A presente tese tem como objetivo geral analisar como o princípio da “defesa intransigente dos direitos humanos e recusa do arbítrio e do autoritarismo” se materializa na prática profissional de assistentes sociais que atuam na educação básica federal. Em torno dessa questão principal, foram estabelecidos os seguintes objetivos específicos: discorrer sobre a política de educação profissional no Brasil; avaliar como o Serviço Social pode colaborar com a melhoria das políticas educacionais e dos processos de escolarização; discorrer sobre as possibilidades de intervenção de assistente social na educação para ampliação dos direitos humanos; identificar o perfil profissional dos assistentes sociais atuantes na educação federal; conhecer como os assistentes sociais contribuem em sua prática profissional para o enfrentamento das expressões da questão social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, fundamentada na Teoria Social Crítica, adotada como lente de análise da estrutura capitalista. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas que foram analisadas utilizando elementos da Análise de Discurso Crítica (ADC), proposta por Norman Fairclough. O processo analítico permitiu avaliar processos interventivos, estratégias de resistência à submissão e formas de defesa dos direitos humanos. Conclui-se que há entraves e possibilidades no exercício profissional, destacando-se: a centralidade da categoria tempo na formação continuada; o determinismo funcional marcado por atividades repetitivas e emergenciais, expressando a precarização do trabalho no contexto do capital; a burocratização nos processos de “bolsificação”; o atendimento direto aos usuários da política de educação, especialmente no âmbito da assistência estudantil, como espaço de orientação e fortalecimento do reconhecimento de direitos sociais; e o impacto da exaustão gerada por demandas burocráticas na crítica ao processo de trabalho. Por fim, afirma-se que a defesa de direitos não constitui uma estratégia pronta, mas uma reflexão sobre a realidade concreta, indicando caminhos de transformação gradual e resistências produzidas nas contradições do sistema. Palavras-chave: Direitos Humanos; Educação; Serviço Social; Institutos Federais.
This thesis aims to analyze how the principle of the “unyielding defense of human rights and rejection of arbitrariness and authoritarianism” is materialized in the professional practice of social workers who work in federal basic education. Around this main issue, the following specific objectives were established: to discuss professional education policy in Brazil; to assess how Social Work can contribute to the improvement of educational policies and schooling processes; to discuss the possibilities of social workers’ intervention in education to expand human rights; to identify the professional profile of social workers working in federal education; and to understand how social workers, in their professional practice, contribute to confronting the expressions of the social question. This is a qualitative study grounded in Critical Social Theory, adopted as an analytical lens for examining the capitalist structure. To construct the profile of the target population, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used, based on Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), as proposed by Norman Fairclough. The discourse analysis made it possible to assess intervention processes, strategies of resistance to subordination, and forms of defending human rights. The study concludes that there are both obstacles and possibilities in professional practice, highlighting: the centrality of the concept of time in continuing education; functional determinism marked by repetitive and emergency- driven activities, reflecting the precarization of work within the context of capital; bureaucratization in “scholarship allocation” processes; direct service to users of educational policy, especially in student assistance, as a space for guidance and strengthening the recognition of social rights; and the impact of exhaustion generated by bureaucratic demands on critical reflection regarding the work process. Finally, it is argued that the defense of rights is not a ready-made strategy, but rather a reflection on concrete reality, indicating paths of gradual transformation and forms of resistance produced within the contradictions of the system. Keywords: Human Rights; Education; Social Work; Federal Institutes.
This thesis aims to analyze how the principle of the “unyielding defense of human rights and rejection of arbitrariness and authoritarianism” is materialized in the professional practice of social workers who work in federal basic education. Around this main issue, the following specific objectives were established: to discuss professional education policy in Brazil; to assess how Social Work can contribute to the improvement of educational policies and schooling processes; to discuss the possibilities of social workers’ intervention in education to expand human rights; to identify the professional profile of social workers working in federal education; and to understand how social workers, in their professional practice, contribute to confronting the expressions of the social question. This is a qualitative study grounded in Critical Social Theory, adopted as an analytical lens for examining the capitalist structure. To construct the profile of the target population, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used, based on Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), as proposed by Norman Fairclough. The discourse analysis made it possible to assess intervention processes, strategies of resistance to subordination, and forms of defending human rights. The study concludes that there are both obstacles and possibilities in professional practice, highlighting: the centrality of the concept of time in continuing education; functional determinism marked by repetitive and emergency- driven activities, reflecting the precarization of work within the context of capital; bureaucratization in “scholarship allocation” processes; direct service to users of educational policy, especially in student assistance, as a space for guidance and strengthening the recognition of social rights; and the impact of exhaustion generated by bureaucratic demands on critical reflection regarding the work process. Finally, it is argued that the defense of rights is not a ready-made strategy, but rather a reflection on concrete reality, indicating paths of gradual transformation and forms of resistance produced within the contradictions of the system. Keywords: Human Rights; Education; Social Work; Federal Institutes.
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MIRANDA, Emmanuella Aparecida. O trabalho de assistentes sociais nos IFs: da bolsificação à defesa intransigente dos direitos humanos. 2026. 279 f. Tese (Doutorado em Política Social) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
