Conflitos no ambiente escolar na perspectiva dos educadores de uma escola de ensino médio em tempo integral
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2025-02-25
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Esta dissertação, apresentada por meio de artigos científicos, investiga os conflitos escolares no contexto do Ensino Médio em Tempo Integral (EMTI), com base na experiência de professores de uma escola pública estadual localizada em Viçosa, Minas Gerais. A pesquisa parte da compreensão de que o conflito é um componente inerente à convivência humana e, portanto, também ao ambiente escolar, onde se manifesta de formas diversas, exigindo estratégias de gestão adequadas e contextualizadas. O problema de pesquisa que norteia o estudo é: como educadores do EMTI gerenciam os conflitos no ambiente escolar e quais estratégias são mais eficazes nesse contexto? A investigação tem como objetivos compreender as percepções dos professores sobre os conflitos escolares, identificar as abordagens e práticas adotadas para sua gestão e refletir sobre os limites e possibilidades dessas estratégias no cotidiano escolar. A pesquisa é qualitativa, de natureza exploratória e fundamenta-se no referencial do Construcionismo Social, que compreende o conhecimento e as relações como construções processuais, baseadas no diálogo e na interação. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 professores de diferentes áreas do conhecimento, atuantes no EMTI. A análise dos dados seguiu os princípios da análise temática. O primeiro artigo da pesquisa aborda a gestão de conflitos escolares e seu impacto no ambiente educacional, utilizando mediação de conflitos e justiça restaurativa como ferramentas. Já o segundo artigo revisa a literatura acadêmica sobre estratégias de mediação e gestão de conflitos nas escolas, destacando a mediação escolar, justiça restaurativa e atividades artísticas como métodos eficazes. Por fim, o terceiro artigo investiga a percepção dos educadores sobre a gestão de conflitos em uma escola que oferece Ensino Médio em Tempo Integral ( EMTI) , identificando a mediação como eficaz, mas apontando para os desafios como falta de capacitação dos professores e necessidade de formação contínua. A pesquisa sugere diálogo, mediação, justiça restaurativa e participação comunitária como essenciais para um ambiente escolar harmonioso. Os resultados revelam que o diálogo é amplamente valorizado pelos docentes como estratégia de resolução de conflitos, mas que essa prática se manifesta, em muitos casos, desprovida de mediação estruturada, apoio institucional ou fundamentação teórica. Os professores demonstram sensibilidade para lidar com os conflitos, mas também expressam sentimentos de despreparo e ausência de formação específica, especialmente para lidar com situações complexas. Práticas como a escuta, aconselhamento individual e envolvimento da equipe escolar são recorrentes, embora pouco sistematizadas. A discussão dos resultados, à luz do referencial teórico e do Construcionismo Social, evidencia uma discrepância entre o que a literatura aponta como estratégias eficazes como mediação de conflitos e justiça restaurativa e o que é efetivamente praticado no cotidiano escolar. Conclui-se que, embora existam esforços por parte dos educadores para gerir os conflitos de forma construtiva, ainda há desafios estruturais e formativos a serem superados. A pesquisa reforça a importância de investir em políticas de formação docente, fomentar práticas dialógicas mais qualificadas e promover uma cultura de paz nas escolas, especialmente em modelos de tempo integral, onde a convivência é intensificada e os conflitos, mais frequentes e complexos. Palavras-chave: Palavras-chave: Conflitos escolares; Ensino Médio em Tempo Integral; Gestão de conflitos; Formação docente; Justiça restaurativa; Mediação de conflito.
This dissertation, presented through scientific articles, investigates school conflicts in the context of Full-Time High School (FTHS) based on the experiences of teachers at a state public school located in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The research is based on the understanding that conflict is an inherent component of human coexistence and, therefore, also present in the school environment, where it manifests itself in different ways requiring appropriate and contextualized management strategies. The research problem guiding the study is: how do FTHS educators manage conflicts in the school environment and which strategies are most effective in this context? The study aims to understand teachers’ perceptions of school conflicts, identify the approaches and practices adopted to manage them, and reflect on the limits and possibilities of these strategies in daily school life. This is a qualitative and exploratory study, based on the Social Constructionism framework which understands knowledge and relationships as procedural constructions, based on dialogue and interaction. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 11 teachers from different areas of knowledge who work at FTHS. Data analysis followed the principles of thematic analysis. The first article of the study addresses the management of school conflicts and its impact on the educational environment, using conflict mediation and restorative justice as tools. The second article reviews academic literature on mediation and conflict management strategies in schools, highlighting school mediation, restorative justice, and artistic activities as effective methods. Finally, the third article investigates educators’ perceptions of conflict management in FTHS in Viçosa, identifying mediation as effective, while also pointing to challenges such as lack of teacher training and the need for continuous professional development. The research suggests that dialog, mediation, restorative justice, and community participation are essential for a harmonious school environment. The results reveal that dialog is widely valued by teachers as a conflict resolution strategy, but this practice often occurs without structured mediation, institutional support or theoretical foundations. Teachers show sensitivity in dealing with conflicts, but also express feelings of unpreparedness and a lack of specific training, especially when facing complex situations. Practices such as listening, individual counseling, and involving the school team are frequent, though not well systematized. The discussion of the results, in the light of the theoretical framework and constructionism, highlights a discrepancy between what the literature identifies as effective strategies such as conflict mediation and restorative justice and what is actually practiced in the school routine. It concludes that, although educators make efforts to manage conflicts constructively, there are still structural and training challenges to overcome. The research reinforces the importance of investing in teacher training policies, fostering more qualified dialogic practices, and promoting a culture of peace in schools, especially in full-time education models, where social interaction is intensified and conflicts are more frequent and complex. Keywords: Keywords: School conflicts; Full-Time High School; Conflict management; Teacher training; Restorative justice; Conflict mediation.
This dissertation, presented through scientific articles, investigates school conflicts in the context of Full-Time High School (FTHS) based on the experiences of teachers at a state public school located in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The research is based on the understanding that conflict is an inherent component of human coexistence and, therefore, also present in the school environment, where it manifests itself in different ways requiring appropriate and contextualized management strategies. The research problem guiding the study is: how do FTHS educators manage conflicts in the school environment and which strategies are most effective in this context? The study aims to understand teachers’ perceptions of school conflicts, identify the approaches and practices adopted to manage them, and reflect on the limits and possibilities of these strategies in daily school life. This is a qualitative and exploratory study, based on the Social Constructionism framework which understands knowledge and relationships as procedural constructions, based on dialogue and interaction. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 11 teachers from different areas of knowledge who work at FTHS. Data analysis followed the principles of thematic analysis. The first article of the study addresses the management of school conflicts and its impact on the educational environment, using conflict mediation and restorative justice as tools. The second article reviews academic literature on mediation and conflict management strategies in schools, highlighting school mediation, restorative justice, and artistic activities as effective methods. Finally, the third article investigates educators’ perceptions of conflict management in FTHS in Viçosa, identifying mediation as effective, while also pointing to challenges such as lack of teacher training and the need for continuous professional development. The research suggests that dialog, mediation, restorative justice, and community participation are essential for a harmonious school environment. The results reveal that dialog is widely valued by teachers as a conflict resolution strategy, but this practice often occurs without structured mediation, institutional support or theoretical foundations. Teachers show sensitivity in dealing with conflicts, but also express feelings of unpreparedness and a lack of specific training, especially when facing complex situations. Practices such as listening, individual counseling, and involving the school team are frequent, though not well systematized. The discussion of the results, in the light of the theoretical framework and constructionism, highlights a discrepancy between what the literature identifies as effective strategies such as conflict mediation and restorative justice and what is actually practiced in the school routine. It concludes that, although educators make efforts to manage conflicts constructively, there are still structural and training challenges to overcome. The research reinforces the importance of investing in teacher training policies, fostering more qualified dialogic practices, and promoting a culture of peace in schools, especially in full-time education models, where social interaction is intensified and conflicts are more frequent and complex. Keywords: Keywords: School conflicts; Full-Time High School; Conflict management; Teacher training; Restorative justice; Conflict mediation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ambiente escolar, Discplina escolar, Mediação, Educação integral (Ensino médio), Justiça restaurativa
Citação
LIMA, Patricia de Souza Faria. Conflitos no ambiente escolar na perspectiva dos educadores de uma escola de ensino médio em tempo integral. 2025. 92 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.