Formas de nitrogênio e propriedades do solo em cultivo adensado de café
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Revista Ceres
Abstract
Solos sob três densidades de plantio de cafeeiros (2.500, 7.143 e 20.000 plantas ha^-1), com quatro anos de idade, foram avaliados quanto a características e formas de N. O experimento obedeceu ao delineamento de blocos inteiramente casualizados com quatro repetições em solo Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo húmico. Em amostras de solo nas camadas 0-10 e 10-30 cm foram determinados os teores de P, K, Ca, Mg, Al e pH. Determinou-se a evolução de três frações do nitrogênio: N-mineral, N-orgânico e N-volatilizado, no solo incubado par 14 dias. A mineralização de C foi medida por 30 dias nas duas camadas separadamente. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análises de variância e regressão. Os teores de C, N, P, K e o C-mineralizado não foram significativamente influenciados pela densidade de plantio nas duas camadas de solo estudadas. O Al^3+ na camada 10-30 cm, Ca^2+, Mg^2+ e pH foram significativamente influenciados pela densidade de plantio. A eficiência de uso da fertilização nitrogenada e potássica foi maior na densidade de 20.000 plantas ha^-1. A camada 0-10 cm apresentou maior teor de N-total, maior perda por volatilização e menor teor de N-mineral.
Soils under three densities of four-year-old coffee trees (2,500; 7,143 and 20,000 trees ha^-1) were evaluated for some properties and N-forms. The trial was arranged in a randomized block design with four replications in a Yellow-Red Latosol. Soil samples from 0-10 and 10-30 cm layers were analyzed for P, K, Ca, Mg and Al contents and pH The organic-N, mineral-N and volatile-N evolution was measured in a 14-day incubation C-mineralization was determined for 30 days in both layers, separately. Data obtained were submitted to variance and regression analysis. C, N, P, K and mineralized C were not significantly influenced by density planting in both layers. Al^3+ in the 0-10 cm layer, Ca^2+, Mg^2+ and pH were significantly influenced by coffee tree density. N and K fertilizing efficiency was greater at 20,000 plants ha^-1. The 0-10 cm layer showed greater total-N content, more N-volatile loss and lower N-mineral content.
Soils under three densities of four-year-old coffee trees (2,500; 7,143 and 20,000 trees ha^-1) were evaluated for some properties and N-forms. The trial was arranged in a randomized block design with four replications in a Yellow-Red Latosol. Soil samples from 0-10 and 10-30 cm layers were analyzed for P, K, Ca, Mg and Al contents and pH The organic-N, mineral-N and volatile-N evolution was measured in a 14-day incubation C-mineralization was determined for 30 days in both layers, separately. Data obtained were submitted to variance and regression analysis. C, N, P, K and mineralized C were not significantly influenced by density planting in both layers. Al^3+ in the 0-10 cm layer, Ca^2+, Mg^2+ and pH were significantly influenced by coffee tree density. N and K fertilizing efficiency was greater at 20,000 plants ha^-1. The 0-10 cm layer showed greater total-N content, more N-volatile loss and lower N-mineral content.
