Método para seleção de sistemas de tratamento de efluentes em agroindústrias de micro e pequeno porte: nota técnica
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Revista Engenharia na Agricultura
Abstract
O tratamento adequado de resíduos agroindustriais é obrigatório, independentemente do perfil e do porte da atividade. Contudo, a seleção de um sistema de tratamento considerando aspectos econômicos, ambientais e sociais não é uma decisão simples. Dessa forma, neste estudo, propõe-se um método para a tomada de decisão no processo de escolha de sistema de tratamento de efluentes agroindustriais. O método proposto baseia-se na pontuação ponderada de indicadores de sustentabilidade para direcionar a tomada de decisão, levando-se em consideração as especificidades do empreendimento. A fim de exemplificar a utilização do método, utilizou-se um estudo de caso para um laticínio de pequeno porte. Os resultados indicaram que o método apresenta-se como uma alternativa viável para a seleção de sistemas de tratamento de efluentes agroindustriais de micro e pequeno porte. No estudo de caso proposto, o sistema de tratamento mais adequado foi o constituído de tratamento preliminar, seguido de reator anaeróbio (UASB). A principal vantagem do método é a capacidade de ajuste dos indicadores e de seus respectivos pesos, em função das especificidades de cada projeto. Entretanto, essa subjetividade associada à escolha dos indicadores e à atribuição dos pesos pode resultar em tomadas de decisão inadequadas, caso estes aspectos não sejam avaliados adequadamente.
A proper agro-industrial waste treatment is mandatory, independently of the production profile and size. However, the ability to select an inexpensive waste treatment system taking into consideration environmental and social aspects is not simple. In this context, this study proposes a methodology for a decision-making process regarding agro-industrial waste treatment system choice. The proposed methodology is based on the scoring of sustainability indicators to guide the decision-making process taking into account each business specificity. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of this method, a case-study was carried out to assess the most indicated waste treatment for a small-scale facility of dairy processing. The results have showed that the method is a feasible option to help in the selection of a waste treatment system for agro-industrial effluent of micro and small plant-scale. In the proposed case-study, the most adequate waste treatment system was comprised by a pre-treatment followed by an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB). The main advantage of this method is the possibility of adjusting the score index according to the scoring weight taking into account the specificities of each project. Nevertheless, the subjectivity of this method associated to index choice and to weights assignment may result in an inadequate decision-making if all these aspects are not well investigated.
A proper agro-industrial waste treatment is mandatory, independently of the production profile and size. However, the ability to select an inexpensive waste treatment system taking into consideration environmental and social aspects is not simple. In this context, this study proposes a methodology for a decision-making process regarding agro-industrial waste treatment system choice. The proposed methodology is based on the scoring of sustainability indicators to guide the decision-making process taking into account each business specificity. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of this method, a case-study was carried out to assess the most indicated waste treatment for a small-scale facility of dairy processing. The results have showed that the method is a feasible option to help in the selection of a waste treatment system for agro-industrial effluent of micro and small plant-scale. In the proposed case-study, the most adequate waste treatment system was comprised by a pre-treatment followed by an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB). The main advantage of this method is the possibility of adjusting the score index according to the scoring weight taking into account the specificities of each project. Nevertheless, the subjectivity of this method associated to index choice and to weights assignment may result in an inadequate decision-making if all these aspects are not well investigated.
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LIMA, Luiz Paulo de; FERREIRA, Aline Gomes; VAZ, Lucas Rafael Lommez; ANDRADE, Willian Rufino; FERREIRA, Cecília de Fátima Souza. Método para seleção de sistemas de tratamento de efluentes em agroindústrias de micro e pequeno porte: nota técnica. Revista Engenharia na Agricultura Viçosa, v. 26, n. 4, p. 334–342, ago. 2018.
