Uso de bioinsumo à base de Lithothamnium spp no crescimento e na produção da soja
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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Bioinsumos à base de algas, como as Lithothamnium spp., podem ser aplicados em cultivos agrícolas para controlar pragas e doenças, melhorar o desenvolvimento das plantas, serem fontes de nutrientes, aumentar a produtividade, entre outras vantagens, especialmente quando aplicados no solo. No entanto, a aplicação via foliar, de doses de bioinsumo à base de algas Lithothamnium spp. ainda não foi estudada em plantas de soja. Duas linhagens de soja, L1 e L2, estão sendo desenvolvidas na Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), por isso, foi conduzido um experimento em casa de vegetação em vasos, entre out/24 a fev/25 para estudar quatro doses do bioinsumo à base Lithothamnium spp. (0; 1,0; 3,0 e 5,0 kg ha-1), com cinco repetições, delineamento inteiramente casualizados. As avaliações realizadas ao longo do experimento foram: altura da planta (AP), diâmetro do caule (DC), número de folhas (NF), massa de matéria seca da parte aérea (mMSPA), massa de matéria seca da raiz (mMSR), volume de raiz (vR), número de vagens por planta (nVP), número de grãos por vagem (nGV), massa de cem grãos (m100), avaliação do estado nutricional de macro e micronutrientes e teor de proteína bruta no grão (% PB). Os dados foram submetidos a testes de normalidade, análise de variância, e teste de Tukey a 5 % de probabilidade. A aplicação do bioinsumo à base de Lithothamnium spp influenciou positivamente o NF, especialmente na linhagem L2, com aumento de até 42,62 % em relação a aplicação de 0,0 kg ha?¹. Houve incremento na produção de biomassa aérea e radicular, para a dose de 5,0 kg ha?¹ na L2, que apresentou os maiores valores de mMSPA e vR. A linhagem L1 obteve maior nVP e m100, enquanto a L2 apresentou maior % PB, com valores superiores a 36 %. Os teores de macronutrientes nas folhas diagnóstico do estado nutricional aumentaram para nitrogênio (N) e enxofre (S). Em contrapartida, não influenciaram para fosforo (P), potássio (K), cálcio (Ca) e magnésio (Mg) quando as plantas receberam o biofertilizante via foliar. Quanto aos micronutrientes, os teores de ferro (Fe), zinco (Zn) e boro (B) não foram influenciados pela aplicação do biofertilizante, enquanto os teores de cobre (Cu) e manganês (Mn) apresentaram diferenças entre as linhagens, mas não foram significativamente alterados pelas doses do biofertilizante. A aplicação do bioinsumo em linhagens de soja tem potencial para melhorar o estado nutricional das plantas e pode ser promissor para aumentar a produtividade de grãos. Palavras-chave: extrato de algas; bioestimulantes; Glycine max (L.) Merrill; Lithothamnium spp.
Algae-based bioinputs, such as those derived from Lithothamnium spp., can be applied in agricultural crops to control pests and diseases, enhance plant development, serve as nutrient sources, and increase productivity, among other advantages—especially when applied to the soil. However, foliar application of Lithothamnium spp.-based bioinputs has not yet been studied in soybean plants. Two soybean lines, L1 and L2, are currently being developed at the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV). Therefore, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted from October 2024 to February 2025 to evaluate four doses of the Lithothamnium spp.-based bioinput (0, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 kg ha?¹), with five replications, in a completely randomized design. The evaluated parameters throughout the experiment included: plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NL), shoot dry matter (SDM), root dry matter (RDM), root volume (RV), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of grains per pod (NGP), hundred-grain weight (HW), nutritional status of macro- and micronutrients, and crude protein content in the grain (% CP). The data were subjected to normality tests, analysis of variance, and Tukey’s test at a 5% probability level. The application of the Lithothamnium spp.-based bioinput positively influenced NL, especially in line L2, with an increase of up to 42.62% compared to the 0.0 kg ha?¹ treatment. There was also an increase in shoot and root biomass production at the 5.0 kg ha?¹ dose in L2, which showed the highest SDM and RV values. Line L1 showed higher values for the number of pods per plant (NPP) and hundred-grain weight (HW), whereas line L2 exhibited a higher crude protein content (% CP), with values exceeding 36%. The macronutrient contents in diagnostic leaves used to assess the nutritional status increased for nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S). In contrast, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were not affected when the plants received the foliar application of the biofertilizer. Regarding micronutrients, the concentrations of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and boron (B) were not influenced by the biofertilizer application, while copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) levels varied between the lines but were not significantly affected by the biofertilizer doses. The application of the bioinput in soybean lines has the potential to improve plant nutritional status and may be a promising strategy to increase grain yield. Keywords: seaweed extract; biostimulants; Glycine max (L.) Merrill; Lithothamnium spp.
Algae-based bioinputs, such as those derived from Lithothamnium spp., can be applied in agricultural crops to control pests and diseases, enhance plant development, serve as nutrient sources, and increase productivity, among other advantages—especially when applied to the soil. However, foliar application of Lithothamnium spp.-based bioinputs has not yet been studied in soybean plants. Two soybean lines, L1 and L2, are currently being developed at the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV). Therefore, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted from October 2024 to February 2025 to evaluate four doses of the Lithothamnium spp.-based bioinput (0, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 kg ha?¹), with five replications, in a completely randomized design. The evaluated parameters throughout the experiment included: plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NL), shoot dry matter (SDM), root dry matter (RDM), root volume (RV), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of grains per pod (NGP), hundred-grain weight (HW), nutritional status of macro- and micronutrients, and crude protein content in the grain (% CP). The data were subjected to normality tests, analysis of variance, and Tukey’s test at a 5% probability level. The application of the Lithothamnium spp.-based bioinput positively influenced NL, especially in line L2, with an increase of up to 42.62% compared to the 0.0 kg ha?¹ treatment. There was also an increase in shoot and root biomass production at the 5.0 kg ha?¹ dose in L2, which showed the highest SDM and RV values. Line L1 showed higher values for the number of pods per plant (NPP) and hundred-grain weight (HW), whereas line L2 exhibited a higher crude protein content (% CP), with values exceeding 36%. The macronutrient contents in diagnostic leaves used to assess the nutritional status increased for nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S). In contrast, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were not affected when the plants received the foliar application of the biofertilizer. Regarding micronutrients, the concentrations of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and boron (B) were not influenced by the biofertilizer application, while copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) levels varied between the lines but were not significantly affected by the biofertilizer doses. The application of the bioinput in soybean lines has the potential to improve plant nutritional status and may be a promising strategy to increase grain yield. Keywords: seaweed extract; biostimulants; Glycine max (L.) Merrill; Lithothamnium spp.
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ARAÚJO, Carlos Valmison da Silva. Uso de bioinsumo à base de Lithothamnium spp no crescimento e na produção da soja. 2025. 37 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
