Dinâmica espacial da olimpíada brasileira de matemática (OBMEP) na região norte
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Como uma alternativa para melhorar e incentivar o aprendizado da matemática, no Brasil, houve a criação da OBMEP. Esta Olimpíada é uma iniciativa científica de caráter multidimensional que busca contribuir para a qualidade da educação básica, a identificação de jovens talentos, o aperfeiçoamento dos professores, alunos e das escolas, e a promoção da inclusão social. Na literatura está em avanço o interesse sobre esse assunto, com demonstrações de que a OBMEP, apesar de sua intenção de melhorias na educação, ainda apresentou resultados divergentes e restritos no território nacional. A OBMEP é desigual quanto a sua abrangência e atingimento de resultados. Nesta pesquisa a preocupação esteve em analisar esta desigualdade, sobretudo sob a ótica da dinâmica espacial do desempenho na OBMEP. A indagação está se os territórios vizinhos podem (ou não) ter algum tipo de influência para um dado local. Com isso, objetivou-se analisar a dinâmica espacial das premiações entre os municípios da região Norte. A região Norte é o território mais desigual quanto a OBMEP, e é ainda carente de estruturas educacionais suficientes para políticas públicas. Para o alcance do objetivo, houve a utilização de dados secundários e complementares para as operacionalizações, com dados coletados no Portal da OBMEP, num recorte temporal que foi de 2005 a 2022, IBGE, FIRJAN, FINBRA e IDEB. Para o método da análise espacial foi utilizada a Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais (AEDE), para a identificação do alastramento ou heterogeneidade espacial. Os resultados elucidaram o caráter da necessidade da existência de condições prévias educacionais nos locais para que a OBMEP atinja seus objetivos. Não houve a identificação de alastramento espacial em aspectos globais, mas, somente, em efeitos “ilha” – em pequenos aglomerados municipais ou em um município. A estrutura física, os docentes, os discentes, dentre outros aspectos, parecem importantes para a evidenciação de que a dinâmica espacial do desempenho na OBMEP é heterogênea. Palavras-chave: dinâmica espacial; obmep; região norte
As an alternative to improve and encourage the learning of mathematics, in Brazil, the OBMEP was created. This Olympics is a multidimensional scientific initiative that seeks to contribute to the quality of basic education, the identification of young talents, the improvement of teachers, students and schools, and the promotion of social inclusion. The scientific authors are an advance in interest on this subject, with projections that OBMEP, despite its intention to improve education, still presented divergent and restricted results in the national territory. OBMEP is uneven in terms of its scope and achievement of results. In this study, the concern was to analyze this inequality, especially from the perspective of the spatial dynamics of performance in OBMEP. The question is whether neighboring territories can (or cannot) have some type of influence on a given location. With this, the objective was to analyze the spatial dynamics of awards between municipalities in the North region. The North region is the most unequal territory in relation to OBMEP, and still lacks sufficient educational structures for public policies. To achieve the objective, secondary and complementary data were used for operationalizations, with data found on the OBMEP Portal, in a time frame that was from 2005 to 2022, IBGE, FIRJAN, FINBRA and IDEB. For the spatial analysis method, Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) was used to identify spatial dependence or spatial heterogeneity. The results elucidated the nature of the need for the existence of educational preconditions in places for OBMEP to achieve its objectives. There was no identification of spatial dependence in global aspects, but only in “island” effects – in small municipal clusters or in one municipality. The physical structure, teachers, students, among other aspects, seem important to demonstrate that the spatial dynamics of performance in the OBMEP is heterogeneous. Keywords: spatial analysis; obmep; north region
As an alternative to improve and encourage the learning of mathematics, in Brazil, the OBMEP was created. This Olympics is a multidimensional scientific initiative that seeks to contribute to the quality of basic education, the identification of young talents, the improvement of teachers, students and schools, and the promotion of social inclusion. The scientific authors are an advance in interest on this subject, with projections that OBMEP, despite its intention to improve education, still presented divergent and restricted results in the national territory. OBMEP is uneven in terms of its scope and achievement of results. In this study, the concern was to analyze this inequality, especially from the perspective of the spatial dynamics of performance in OBMEP. The question is whether neighboring territories can (or cannot) have some type of influence on a given location. With this, the objective was to analyze the spatial dynamics of awards between municipalities in the North region. The North region is the most unequal territory in relation to OBMEP, and still lacks sufficient educational structures for public policies. To achieve the objective, secondary and complementary data were used for operationalizations, with data found on the OBMEP Portal, in a time frame that was from 2005 to 2022, IBGE, FIRJAN, FINBRA and IDEB. For the spatial analysis method, Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) was used to identify spatial dependence or spatial heterogeneity. The results elucidated the nature of the need for the existence of educational preconditions in places for OBMEP to achieve its objectives. There was no identification of spatial dependence in global aspects, but only in “island” effects – in small municipal clusters or in one municipality. The physical structure, teachers, students, among other aspects, seem important to demonstrate that the spatial dynamics of performance in the OBMEP is heterogeneous. Keywords: spatial analysis; obmep; north region
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FERREIRA, Mirian Kelly Pinheiro dos Santos. Dinâmica espacial da olimpíada brasileira de matemática (OBMEP) na região norte. 2024. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Administração) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
