Influência do silício e do déficit hídrico na disponibilidade de fósforo em latassolo
Loading...
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A maioria dos solos brasileiros são altamente intemperizados e com alta capacidade de fixação de fósforo, devido a sua mineralogia oxídica. Outros fatores, como o déficit hídrico, também podem reduzir a disponibilidade do fósforo. No solo, o silício compete pelos mesmos sítios de adsorção que o fósforo, podendo promover o bloqueio destes sítios e aumentar a disponibilidade deste elemento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do Si e do déficit hídrico na disponibilidade de P em latossolo, sob diferentes doses de P e os resultados da interação desses elementos no crescimento inicial de plantas de milho e braquiária em cultivo sucessivo. O solo utilizado foi um latossolo, coletado na profundidade de 0-40 cm. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, em vasos de 4 L, em delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, num esquema fatorial 4 x 2 x 2, sendo quatro doses de P (0,100, 200 e 300 mg dm-3) duas doses de Si (0 e 375 mg dm-3) e dois regimes hídricos (50 e 80 % da CC - capacidade de campo). A fonte de Si usada foi o silicato de cálcio e a fonte de P foi o MAP - fosfato monoamônico. O solo foi incubado à 80 % da CC, com o silicato (nos tratamentos que receberam Si) e com carbonato (nos tratamentos que não receberam Si). Após 40 dias, foi realizada a adubação fosfatada e o semeio do milho, as plantas foram cortadas aos 40 dias após a emergência e realizado o semeio da braquiária, a qual teve 2 cortes aos 70 e 140 dias, após a primeira emergência. A parte aérea das plantas de milho e braquiária foram submetidas à digestão e determinados os conteúdos de Si, P, Ca e Mg. Após a condução das culturas, foram coletadas amostras de solo e determinados os teores de Si, P, Ca e Mg e dos atributos químicos. Doses crescentes de P proporcionaram teores de P e Si crescentes, no solo e nas plantas. O silicato de cálcio não aumentou a disponibilidade de P e Si para as plantas e não atenuo os efeitos do déficit hídrico na planta. Os tratamentos que receberam silicato de cálcio apresentaram teores em solo e conteúdo em plantas menores de Ca e maiores de Mg, quando comparado aos tratamentos que receberam carbonato de Ca. Palavras-chave: Silicato de cálcio; adubação fosfatada; cultivo sucessivo.
Most Brazilian soils are highly weathered and have a high phosphorus fixation capacity, due to their oxidic mineralogy. Other factors, such as water deficit, can also reduce phosphorus availability. In soil, silicon competes for the same adsorption sites as phosphorus, which can block these sites and increase the availability of this element. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of Si and water deficit on the availability of P in an oxisol, under different doses of P, and the results of the interaction of these elements in the initial growth of corn and brachiaria plants in successive cultivation. The soil used was an oxisol, collected at a depth of 0-40 cm. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in 4 L vases, in a randomized block design, with four replications, in a 4x 2 x 2 factorial scheme, with four doses of P (0.100, 200 and 300 mg dm-3) two doses of Si (0 and 375 mg dm-3) and two water regimes (50 and 80 % CC - field capacity). The Si source used was calcium silicate and the P source was MAP - monoammonium phosphate. The soil was incubated at 80% CC, with silicate (in treatments that received Si) and with carbonate (in treatments that did not receive Si). After 40 days, phosphorus fertilization and corn sowing were carried out, the plants were cut at 40 days after emergence and brachiaria was sown, which had 2 cuts at 70 and 140 days after the first emergence. The part of the area of corn and brachiaria plants were observed during digestion and the contents of Si, P, Ca and Mg were determined. After conducting the cultures, soil samples were collected and the levels of Si, P, Ca and Mg and chemical attributes were determined. Increasing doses of P provided increasing levels of P and Si in soil and plants. Calcium silicate did not increase P and Si availability to plants and not mitigate the effects of water defict on the plants. The treatments that received calcium silicate showed lower levels of Ca and higher levels of Mg in soil and plants, when compared to the treatments that received Ca carbonate. Keywords: Calcium silicate; phosphorus fertilization; successive cultivation.
Most Brazilian soils are highly weathered and have a high phosphorus fixation capacity, due to their oxidic mineralogy. Other factors, such as water deficit, can also reduce phosphorus availability. In soil, silicon competes for the same adsorption sites as phosphorus, which can block these sites and increase the availability of this element. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of Si and water deficit on the availability of P in an oxisol, under different doses of P, and the results of the interaction of these elements in the initial growth of corn and brachiaria plants in successive cultivation. The soil used was an oxisol, collected at a depth of 0-40 cm. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in 4 L vases, in a randomized block design, with four replications, in a 4x 2 x 2 factorial scheme, with four doses of P (0.100, 200 and 300 mg dm-3) two doses of Si (0 and 375 mg dm-3) and two water regimes (50 and 80 % CC - field capacity). The Si source used was calcium silicate and the P source was MAP - monoammonium phosphate. The soil was incubated at 80% CC, with silicate (in treatments that received Si) and with carbonate (in treatments that did not receive Si). After 40 days, phosphorus fertilization and corn sowing were carried out, the plants were cut at 40 days after emergence and brachiaria was sown, which had 2 cuts at 70 and 140 days after the first emergence. The part of the area of corn and brachiaria plants were observed during digestion and the contents of Si, P, Ca and Mg were determined. After conducting the cultures, soil samples were collected and the levels of Si, P, Ca and Mg and chemical attributes were determined. Increasing doses of P provided increasing levels of P and Si in soil and plants. Calcium silicate did not increase P and Si availability to plants and not mitigate the effects of water defict on the plants. The treatments that received calcium silicate showed lower levels of Ca and higher levels of Mg in soil and plants, when compared to the treatments that received Ca carbonate. Keywords: Calcium silicate; phosphorus fertilization; successive cultivation.
Description
Citation
ARAUJO, Tainá Costa. Influência do silício e do déficit hídrico na disponibilidade de fósforo em latassolo. 2023. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Solos e Nutrição de Plantas) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2023.
