Dissolução das conjugalidades e seus desdobramentos: uma análise a partir da oficina de parentalidade como instrumento de apoio à resolução dos conflitos familiares
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O incremento acentuado do número de separações/divórcios registrados no Brasil tem repercutido em inúmeras mudanças nos arranjos familiares. A dissolução das conjugalidades é um evento significativo na vida de um casal e pode desencadear implicações para todas as pessoas envolvidas, principalmente nos filhos. Ao identificar que o sistema baseado estritamente no cumprimento legal não estava conseguindo proporcionar uma resolução efetiva dos litígios, repercutindo na morosidade e sobrecarga processual, o Poder Judiciário adotou a “Política Pública Nacional de Tratamento Adequado dos Conflitos de Interesses”, por meio da Resolução nº 125, de 29 de novembro de 2010. A partir disso, foi implementada a oficina de parentalidade, também conhecida como oficina de pais e filhos ou oficina de divórcio e parentalidade. Para tanto, o Conselho Nacional de Justiça expediu a Recomendação nº 50, de 08 de maio de 2014, que passou a orientar os Tribunais por meio de seus Núcleos Permanentes de Métodos Consensuais de Solução de Conflitos quanto a adoção da oficina como política pública para resolução e prevenção de conflitos familiares. Nesse contexto, buscou-se analisar a eficácia da oficina de parentalidade, como instrumento da referida política pública, para resolução de conflitos familiares advindos da dissolução das conjugalidades, considerando as implicações de seus resultados na prevenção da alienação parental e qualidade de vida das famílias. A pesquisa teve como local de estudo a Comarca de Viçosa-MG, considerada uma das comarcas pioneiras na adoção da autocomposição em Minas Gerais. A amostra compreendeu as pessoas envolvidas na recomendação e oferta do instrumento, quais sejam: advogados, magistrados e expositores, bem como as famílias que participaram das oficinas realizadas pelo CEJUSC, da Comarca de Viçosa-MG. Para a coleta de dados, foi feito o uso da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, além da entrevista semiestruturada. A análise dos dados qualitativos foi realizada com o auxílio do Software Iramuteq; enquanto os dados quantitativos foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do software GNU PSPP. Os resultados evidenciaram que, em que pese a oficina de parentalidade se apresentar como um instrumento eficaz para melhoria da qualidade de vida, prevenção da alienação parental e resolução dos conflitos familiares ocasionados pelo divórcio/separação, na percepção da população amostrada é necessário que o instrumento supere alguns problemas e desafios para alcançar seus objetivos. Ou seja, na visão deles, é necessário que ocorram algumas mudanças no formato do instrumento, como atualização do conteúdo expositivo, melhoria da estrutura, maior publicidade e capacitação de expositores. Além disso, constatou-se que a aplicabilidade da oficina de parentalidade no Estado de Minas Gerais ainda é muito baixa, pois apenas 24 das 298 Comarcas Mineiras aplicam o instrumento, em sede de 1ª Instância. Portanto, pode-se concluir que, de modo geral, a oficina de parentalidade pode ser considerada um instrumento eficaz para sensibilizar às partes e prevenir a alienação parental. Todavia, são necessárias estratégias para ampliar o alcance do instrumento e mais estudos empíricos que se aprofundem na investigação dessa temática. PALAVRAS CHAVES: Oficina de Parentalidade; Conflitos Familiares; Práticas Sociais; Alienação Parental; Qualidade de Vida.
The sharp increase in the number of separations/divorces registered in Brazil has resulted in numerous changes in family arrangements. The dissolution of marital relationships is a significant event in the life of a couple and can have implications for everyone involved, especially the children. Upon identifying that the system based strictly on legal compliance was failing to provide an effective resolution of disputes, resulting in slowness and procedural overload, the Judiciary adopted the “National Public Policy for the Adequate Treatment of Conflicts of Interest”, through Resolution no. 125, of November 29, 2010. From this, the parenting workshop was implemented, also known as the parents and children workshop or the divorce and parenting workshop. To this end, the National Council of Justice issued Recommendation No. 50, of May 8, 2014, which began to guide the Courts through their Permanent Centers for Consensual Methods of Conflict Resolution regarding the adoption of the instrument as a public policy for resolution. and prevention of family conflicts. In this context, we sought to analyze the effectiveness of the parenting workshop, as an instrument of the aforementioned public policy, for resolving family conflicts arising from the dissolution of marital relationships, considering the implications of its results in preventing parental alienation and quality of life for families. The study location for the research was the District of Viçosa/MG, considered one of the pioneering counties in the adoption of self-composition in Minas Gerais. The sample comprised people involved in recommending and offering the instrument, namely: lawyers, magistrates and exhibitors, as well as families who participated in the workshops held by CEJUSC, in the District of Viçosa-MG. For data collection, bibliographic and documentary research was used, in addition to semi-structured interviews. The analysis of qualitative data was carried out with the help of Iramuteq Software; while quantitative data were statistically analyzed using the GNU PSPP software. The results showed that, despite the parenting workshop presenting itself as an effective instrument for improving quality of life, preventing parental alienation and resolving family conflicts caused by divorce/separation, in the perception of the sampled population, it is necessary for the instrument to overcome some problems and challenges to achieve your goals. In other words, in their view, some changes in the instrument arrangements are needed, such as updating the exhibition content, improving the structure, greater advertising and training of exhibitors. Furthermore, it was found that the applicability of the parenting workshop in the State of Minas Gerais is still very low, as only 24 of the 298 Mineiras Districts apply the instrument, in the 1st Instance. Therefore, it can be concluded that, in general, the parenting workshop can be considered an effective instrument to raise awareness among the parties and prevent parental alienation. However, strategies are needed to expand the reach of the instrument and more empirical studies that delve deeper into the investigation of this topic. KEYWORDS: Parenting Workshop; Family Conflicts; Social Practices; Parental Alienation; Quality of life.
The sharp increase in the number of separations/divorces registered in Brazil has resulted in numerous changes in family arrangements. The dissolution of marital relationships is a significant event in the life of a couple and can have implications for everyone involved, especially the children. Upon identifying that the system based strictly on legal compliance was failing to provide an effective resolution of disputes, resulting in slowness and procedural overload, the Judiciary adopted the “National Public Policy for the Adequate Treatment of Conflicts of Interest”, through Resolution no. 125, of November 29, 2010. From this, the parenting workshop was implemented, also known as the parents and children workshop or the divorce and parenting workshop. To this end, the National Council of Justice issued Recommendation No. 50, of May 8, 2014, which began to guide the Courts through their Permanent Centers for Consensual Methods of Conflict Resolution regarding the adoption of the instrument as a public policy for resolution. and prevention of family conflicts. In this context, we sought to analyze the effectiveness of the parenting workshop, as an instrument of the aforementioned public policy, for resolving family conflicts arising from the dissolution of marital relationships, considering the implications of its results in preventing parental alienation and quality of life for families. The study location for the research was the District of Viçosa/MG, considered one of the pioneering counties in the adoption of self-composition in Minas Gerais. The sample comprised people involved in recommending and offering the instrument, namely: lawyers, magistrates and exhibitors, as well as families who participated in the workshops held by CEJUSC, in the District of Viçosa-MG. For data collection, bibliographic and documentary research was used, in addition to semi-structured interviews. The analysis of qualitative data was carried out with the help of Iramuteq Software; while quantitative data were statistically analyzed using the GNU PSPP software. The results showed that, despite the parenting workshop presenting itself as an effective instrument for improving quality of life, preventing parental alienation and resolving family conflicts caused by divorce/separation, in the perception of the sampled population, it is necessary for the instrument to overcome some problems and challenges to achieve your goals. In other words, in their view, some changes in the instrument arrangements are needed, such as updating the exhibition content, improving the structure, greater advertising and training of exhibitors. Furthermore, it was found that the applicability of the parenting workshop in the State of Minas Gerais is still very low, as only 24 of the 298 Mineiras Districts apply the instrument, in the 1st Instance. Therefore, it can be concluded that, in general, the parenting workshop can be considered an effective instrument to raise awareness among the parties and prevent parental alienation. However, strategies are needed to expand the reach of the instrument and more empirical studies that delve deeper into the investigation of this topic. KEYWORDS: Parenting Workshop; Family Conflicts; Social Practices; Parental Alienation; Quality of life.
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RAPOSO, Kátia Roberta Portes Silva. Dissolução das conjugalidades e seus desdobramentos: uma análise a partir da oficina de parentalidade como instrumento de apoio à resolução dos conflitos familiares. 2024. 192 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia Doméstica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
