Alterações morfológicas e status oxidativo induzidos pela exposição subcrônica ao clorpirifós em Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O clorpirifós é um pesticida organosfosforado que se configura como um dos mais utilizados no Brasil nos últimos anos. Devido a diversos aspectos fisiológicos e ecológicos, morcegos se configuram como animais silvestres que acabam entrando em contato direta ou indiretamente com pesticidas utilizados em cultivos agrícolas. Esse contato acarreta danos sobre a saúde, reprodução e conservação das espécies afetadas. O objetivo desse estudo foi mensurar os efeitos causados pela exposição oral subcrônica do clorpirifós em morcegos frugívoros neotropicais. Morcegos machos adultos da espécie Artibeus lituratus foram capturados com redes de neblina, e, após período de aclimatação, divididos em dois grupos experimentais: grupo controle (CT) (n=7), alimentados com frutos sem tratamento e o grupo Clorpirifós (CP) (n=8), alimentados diariamente com frutos tratados com uma calda de Capataz ® (ingrediente ativo clorpirifós: 480,00 g/L; 48,0% m/v) a 15mL/L (dose comercial, recomendada pelo fabricante). Após 14 dias de tratamento, os animais foram eutanasiados e os tecidos foram coletados e devidamente armazenados para análises do status oxidativo, histológicas e hormonais. Os resultados mostraram que a exposição ao clorpirifós causou redução da atividade enzimática da catalase (CAT) no tecido hepático, aumento da atividade de glutationa s-transferase (GST) testicular e aumento na concentração de proteínas carboniladas (PC) no tecido renal. Na histologia renal foi observado redução do epitélio tubular e da área glomerular dos animais tratados com clorpirifós, assim como aumento de ocorrência de infiltração leucocitária, congestão vascular e marginação leucocitária. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a exposição ao clorpirifós em doses ambientalmente relevantes foi capaz de gerar alterações deletérias no status oxidativo e aspectos morfológicos de morcegos frugívoros. Palavras-chave: Pesticida; Ecotoxicologia; Estresse oxidativo; Histopatologia; Morcegos.
Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphorus pesticide that has been among the most widely used in Brazil in recent years. Due to various physiological and ecological factors, bats are wild animals that often come into direct or indirect contact with pesticides used in agricultural crops. This contact can lead to adverse effects on the health, reproduction, and conservation of affected species. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of subchronic oral exposure to chlorpyrifos in neotropical frugivorous bats. Adult male bats of the species Artibeus lituratus were captured using mist nets and, after an acclimation period, were divided into two experimental groups: a control group (CT) (n=7), fed with untreated fruits, and a Chlorpyrifos group (CP) (n=8), fed daily with fruits treated with a solution of Capataz® (active ingredient chlorpyrifos: 480.00 g/L; 48.0% m/v) at 15 mL/L (commercial dose recommended by the manufacturer). After 14 days of treatment, the animals were euthanized, and tissues were collected and properly stored for analyses of oxidative status, histological, and hormonal assessments. The results showed that exposure to chlorpyrifos led to a reduction in catalase (CAT) enzymatic activity in the hepatic tissue, an increase in testicular glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, and an increase in carbonylated protein (PC) concentration in the renal tissue. Histological examination of the kidneys revealed a reduction in tubular epithelium and glomerular area in chlorpyrifos- treated animals, as well as increased occurrence of leukocytic infiltration, vascular congestion, and leukocytic margination. The results indicate that exposure to chlorpyrifos at environmentally relevant doses can induce deleterious changes in oxidative status and morphological aspects of frugivorous bats. Keywords: Pesticide; Ecotoxicology; Oxidative stress; Histopathology; Bats.
Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphorus pesticide that has been among the most widely used in Brazil in recent years. Due to various physiological and ecological factors, bats are wild animals that often come into direct or indirect contact with pesticides used in agricultural crops. This contact can lead to adverse effects on the health, reproduction, and conservation of affected species. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of subchronic oral exposure to chlorpyrifos in neotropical frugivorous bats. Adult male bats of the species Artibeus lituratus were captured using mist nets and, after an acclimation period, were divided into two experimental groups: a control group (CT) (n=7), fed with untreated fruits, and a Chlorpyrifos group (CP) (n=8), fed daily with fruits treated with a solution of Capataz® (active ingredient chlorpyrifos: 480.00 g/L; 48.0% m/v) at 15 mL/L (commercial dose recommended by the manufacturer). After 14 days of treatment, the animals were euthanized, and tissues were collected and properly stored for analyses of oxidative status, histological, and hormonal assessments. The results showed that exposure to chlorpyrifos led to a reduction in catalase (CAT) enzymatic activity in the hepatic tissue, an increase in testicular glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, and an increase in carbonylated protein (PC) concentration in the renal tissue. Histological examination of the kidneys revealed a reduction in tubular epithelium and glomerular area in chlorpyrifos- treated animals, as well as increased occurrence of leukocytic infiltration, vascular congestion, and leukocytic margination. The results indicate that exposure to chlorpyrifos at environmentally relevant doses can induce deleterious changes in oxidative status and morphological aspects of frugivorous bats. Keywords: Pesticide; Ecotoxicology; Oxidative stress; Histopathology; Bats.
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NEVES, Pedro Henrique Costa. Alterações morfológicas e status oxidativo induzidos pela exposição subcrônica ao clorpirifós em Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). 2024. 35 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biologia Animal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
