Comunidade de fungos associados ao sistema radicular de orquídeas epífitas crescendo sobre Vellozia auriculata
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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As orquídeas associam-se com fungos micorrízicos para germinação de suas sementes, por serem desprovidas de tecido nutricional, o endosperma. Sem a presença do fungo a orquídea não consegue germinar na natureza, pois são eles que fornecem os nutrientes essenciais para a germinação. Plantas epífitas são aquelas que estabelecem sobre outras plantas, que são denominadas de forófitos, utilizando-as apenas como suporte, sem parasitá-las. Acredita-se que o forófito pode exercer algum tipo de influência na comunidade micorrízica das orquídeas. Entender a associação micorrízica, bem como conhecer a diversidade de fungos associados às orquídeas adultas, na natureza, fornece informações importantes para trabalhos de conservação e manejo de populações, especialmente aquelas com risco de extinção. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o perfil da comunidade de fungos associado às raízes de três espécies de orquídeas: Cattleya jongheana, Prosthechea allemanoides e Epidendrum chlorinum, crescendo sobre os troncos de Vellozia auriculata, no Parque Estadual da Serra Negra – Itamarandiba/MG. Utilizando-se a técnica de DGGE avaliou-se o perfil da comunidade fúngica presente nas diferentes espécies de orquídeas e também se o perfil da comunidade fúngica da raiz da orquídea se assemelhava ao perfil da comunidade do forófito. Os índices de diversidade de Shannon e Simpson mostraram que, mesmo havendo semelhança no perfil da comunidade fúngica, ela difere entre as espécies de orquídeas e que o perfil da comunidade da raiz é diferente do perfil da comunidade do forófito. Conclui-se que conhecer, isolar e caracterizar os fungos que se associam à cada espécie de orquídea é importante para trabalhos de reintrodução e manejo das orquídeas.
rchids are associated with mycorrhizal fungi for germination, since their seeds are devoid of nutritional tissue, the endosperm. Without the presence of the fungus, the orchid are not able to germinate in nature, because it provide the essential nutrients for germination. Epiphytic plants are those that establish on other plants, which are denominated of phorophyte, using them only as support, without any parasitism. It is believed that the phorophyte may exert some kind of influence on the mycorrhizal community. Thus, understanding the association between fungi and orchids is very important, as well the diversity of fungi associated with adult orchids in nature, provides important information for conservation and management of populations, especially those with a risk of extinction. The profile of the fungal community associated with the roots of three orchid species: Cattleya jongheana, Prosthechea allemanoides and Epidendrum chlorinum growing on the trunks of Vellozia auriculata in Parque Estadual da Serra Negra - Itamarandiba / MG was determined. Using the DGGE technique, the profile of the fungal community present in the different orchid species was evaluated, and also was evaluated if the profile of the fungal community of the orchid resembled the profile of the phorophyte community. The diversity indexes of Shannon and Simpson showed that, even though there is similarity in the profile of the fungal community, it differs among orchid species and that the profile of the root community is different from the profile of the phorophyte community. It was concluded that knowing, isolating and characterizing fungi associated with each orchid species is important for orchid re-introduction and management.
rchids are associated with mycorrhizal fungi for germination, since their seeds are devoid of nutritional tissue, the endosperm. Without the presence of the fungus, the orchid are not able to germinate in nature, because it provide the essential nutrients for germination. Epiphytic plants are those that establish on other plants, which are denominated of phorophyte, using them only as support, without any parasitism. It is believed that the phorophyte may exert some kind of influence on the mycorrhizal community. Thus, understanding the association between fungi and orchids is very important, as well the diversity of fungi associated with adult orchids in nature, provides important information for conservation and management of populations, especially those with a risk of extinction. The profile of the fungal community associated with the roots of three orchid species: Cattleya jongheana, Prosthechea allemanoides and Epidendrum chlorinum growing on the trunks of Vellozia auriculata in Parque Estadual da Serra Negra - Itamarandiba / MG was determined. Using the DGGE technique, the profile of the fungal community present in the different orchid species was evaluated, and also was evaluated if the profile of the fungal community of the orchid resembled the profile of the phorophyte community. The diversity indexes of Shannon and Simpson showed that, even though there is similarity in the profile of the fungal community, it differs among orchid species and that the profile of the root community is different from the profile of the phorophyte community. It was concluded that knowing, isolating and characterizing fungi associated with each orchid species is important for orchid re-introduction and management.
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MIRANDA, Leticia. Comunidade de fungos associados ao sistema radicular de orquídeas epífitas crescendo sobre Vellozia auriculata. 2017. 22 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Microbiologia Agrícola) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2017.
