Influência dos estádios fenológicos de crescimento e sazonalidade na atividade antibacteriana de Piptadenia gonoacantha
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
As plantas medicinais, que tem seu potencial terapêutico pouco explorados, são alternativas para desacelerar a resistência bacteriana. Pesquisas mais complexas são necessárias para melhor utilização do material vegetal em novas formulações medicamentosas. Este trabalho é um estudo experimental in vitro realizado pelo método de difusão em meio sólido com perfuração em ágar que determinou a preparação do material vegetal, a atividade antibacteriana, a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e teste de toxicidade. Todas as análises citadas foram realizadas usando o extrato hidroalcóolico da folha de Piptadenia gonoacantha, uma espécie arbórea amplamente distribuída por todo o Brasil que possui composição química promissora para fins terapêuticos. O objetivo foi avaliar se a estação do ano e os estádios fenológicos influenciam na ação antibacteriana do extrato de P. gonoacantha. O extrato (500 mg/mL) apresentou atividade antibacteriana para as bactérias Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes e Pseudomonas putida. O extrato das folhas colhidas no inverno e em árvores com diâmetro de tronco entre 5 e 10 cm apresentaram os melhores resultados, com halos de inibição ≥ 8,0 mm em maior quantidade se comparado as demais. A CIM foi de 62,5 mg/mL para S. aureus, 15,6 mg/mL para S. pyogenes e 31,2 mg/mL para P. putida. O extrato foi considerado atóxico através do teste com Artemia salina. A partir dos resultados deste estudo, pode-se concluir que a padronização da colheita das folhas de P. gonoacantha quanto a estação do ano e classe diamétrica é muito relevante, uma vez que, influencia na ação terapêutica. Sugere-se a continuidade dos estudos da P.gonoacantha por apresentar resultados promissores para inovações na área de medicamentos. Descritores: Antimicrobianos. Plantas Medicinais. Estações Climáticas. Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana. Testes de toxicidade.
Medicinal plants, whose therapeutic potential is largely unexplored, are alternatives to slow down bacterial resistance. More complex research is needed for a better use of plant material in new drug formulations. This work was an experimental in vitro study, conducted by the diffusion method in solid medium with agar perforation, which determined the preparation of plant material, antibacterial activity, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and toxicity test. All the analyses mentioned were performed using the leaf extract of Piptadenia gonoacantha, a tree species widely distributed throughout Brazil, that has a promising chemical composition for therapeutic purposes. The objective was to evaluate whether the season and phenological stages influence the antibacterial action of P. gonoacantha extract. The toxicity test was a complement to advances in the stages of development of a possible drug. The extract showed significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Pseudomonas putida. The extract was considered nontoxic through the Artemia saline test. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the standardization of the harvest of P. gonoacantha leaves is very relevant, as it influences the therapeutic action. It is suggested that studies on P. gonoacantha be continued, as it shows promising results for innovations in the field of medicine. Descriptors: Antimicrobials. Medicinal Plants. Climate Seasons. Microbial Sensitivity Tests. Toxicity Tests.
Medicinal plants, whose therapeutic potential is largely unexplored, are alternatives to slow down bacterial resistance. More complex research is needed for a better use of plant material in new drug formulations. This work was an experimental in vitro study, conducted by the diffusion method in solid medium with agar perforation, which determined the preparation of plant material, antibacterial activity, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and toxicity test. All the analyses mentioned were performed using the leaf extract of Piptadenia gonoacantha, a tree species widely distributed throughout Brazil, that has a promising chemical composition for therapeutic purposes. The objective was to evaluate whether the season and phenological stages influence the antibacterial action of P. gonoacantha extract. The toxicity test was a complement to advances in the stages of development of a possible drug. The extract showed significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Pseudomonas putida. The extract was considered nontoxic through the Artemia saline test. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the standardization of the harvest of P. gonoacantha leaves is very relevant, as it influences the therapeutic action. It is suggested that studies on P. gonoacantha be continued, as it shows promising results for innovations in the field of medicine. Descriptors: Antimicrobials. Medicinal Plants. Climate Seasons. Microbial Sensitivity Tests. Toxicity Tests.
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MENDES, Gisele Carvalho.Influência dos estádios fenológicos de crescimento e sazonalidade na atividade antibacteriana de Piptadenia gonoacantha. 2023. 66 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2023.
