Do tabuleiro aos festivais: a tradição culinária das quitandas de Minas Gerais
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A pesquisa busca compreender como a culinária demarca identidades tradicionais no contexto contemporâneo, tendo como objetivo geral analisar como a culinária das quitandas de Minas Gerais é articulada por distintos atores sociais na demarcação de uma tradição. Nesse processo, foram delimitados cinco objetivos específicos que, distribuídos nos quatro artigos que compõem a tese, têm como objeto empírico as memórias e representações ancoradas nas quitandas de Minas Gerais. A abordagem metodológica é de natureza qualitativa, subdividindo- se em pesquisa bibliográfica; pesquisa documental; pesquisa de campo, com entrevistas e questionários on-line; e análise descritiva e interpretativa dos dados. A amostra analisada é composta por dez entrevistas com mulheres rurais organizadas em um projeto de cozinha comunitária; 44 formulários respondidos por extensionistas rurais da Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural do Estado de Minas Gerais (EMATER – MG); 516 receitas de quitandas extraídas de quatro fontes documentais; quatro entrevistas com quitandeiras que participam do Festival da Quitanda de Congonhas e o documentário “Festival da Quitanda de Congonhas 2021”. Como categorias analíticas são utilizados os conceitos de alimentação, representações e memória. Os resultados mostram que as representações socias sobre as quitandas têm como principais pontos de ancoragem a ruralidade e a mineiridade, constatando- se que essas comidas se caracterizam como símbolos desse imaginário social. Conclui-se que os atores sociais abrangidos por este estudo se articulam no cotidiano familiar, profissional e da vida comunitária, em suas instâncias sociais, políticas e culturais, para a reprodução do consumo das quitandas e dos seus modos de fazer, ritualizados e geracionalmente enraizados, o que delineia a dinâmica da tradição. Por meio das práticas de produção e consumo que a permeiam, a culinária representa, portanto, uma forma de se posicionar e se diferenciar como tradicional diante de um cenário de globalização que supostamente tenderia à homogeneização dos hábitos alimentares. Palavras-chave: Alimentação. Tradição. Representações sociais.
The research aims to understand how culinary demarcates traditional identities in the contemporary context, having as a general objective to analyze how the culinary of quitandas in Minas Gerais is articulated by different social actors in the demarcation of a tradition. In this process, five specific objectives were delimited which, distributed in the four articles that composes the thesis, have as empirical object the memories and representations anchored in the quitandas of Minas Gerais. The methodological approach is qualitative, subdivided into bibliographical research; documentary research; field research, with online interviews and questionnaires; and descriptive and interpretive data analysis. The analyzed sample consists of ten interviews with rural women organized in a community kitchen project; 44 forms answered by rural extensionists from the Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Company of Minas Gerais State (EMATER – MG); 516 quitandas recipes extracted from four documentary sources; four interviews with quitandeiras participating in the Quitanda Festival of Congonhas and the documentary Festival da Quitanda de Congonhas 2021. As analytical categories, the concepts of feeding, representations and memory are used. The results show that social representations about quitandas have rurality and Minas Gerais symbolic ideal as their main anchoring points, inferring that these foods are characterized as symbols of this social imaginary. It is concluded that the social actors participating in this study are articulated in daily family, professional and community life, in their social, political and cultural spheres, for the reproduction of consumption of quitandas and their ways of making, ritualized and generationally rooted, which outlines the dynamics of the tradition. Through the production and consumption practices that permeate it, culinary represents, therefore, a way of positioning and differentiating itself as traditional in the face of a globalization scenario that supposedly would tend towards the homogenization of eating habits. Keywords: Feeding. Tradition. Social representations.
The research aims to understand how culinary demarcates traditional identities in the contemporary context, having as a general objective to analyze how the culinary of quitandas in Minas Gerais is articulated by different social actors in the demarcation of a tradition. In this process, five specific objectives were delimited which, distributed in the four articles that composes the thesis, have as empirical object the memories and representations anchored in the quitandas of Minas Gerais. The methodological approach is qualitative, subdivided into bibliographical research; documentary research; field research, with online interviews and questionnaires; and descriptive and interpretive data analysis. The analyzed sample consists of ten interviews with rural women organized in a community kitchen project; 44 forms answered by rural extensionists from the Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Company of Minas Gerais State (EMATER – MG); 516 quitandas recipes extracted from four documentary sources; four interviews with quitandeiras participating in the Quitanda Festival of Congonhas and the documentary Festival da Quitanda de Congonhas 2021. As analytical categories, the concepts of feeding, representations and memory are used. The results show that social representations about quitandas have rurality and Minas Gerais symbolic ideal as their main anchoring points, inferring that these foods are characterized as symbols of this social imaginary. It is concluded that the social actors participating in this study are articulated in daily family, professional and community life, in their social, political and cultural spheres, for the reproduction of consumption of quitandas and their ways of making, ritualized and generationally rooted, which outlines the dynamics of the tradition. Through the production and consumption practices that permeate it, culinary represents, therefore, a way of positioning and differentiating itself as traditional in the face of a globalization scenario that supposedly would tend towards the homogenization of eating habits. Keywords: Feeding. Tradition. Social representations.
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RIBEIRO, Isadora Moreira. Do tabuleiro aos festivais: a tradição culinária das quitandas de Minas Gerais. 2021. 124 f. Tese (Doutorado em Extensão Rural) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2021.
