Fontes de lipídios para juvenis de trairão (Hoplias lacerdae).
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Com a presente pesquisa objetivou-se avaliar diferentes fontes de óleos em dietas para juvenis de trairão (Hoplias lacerdae). Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições e quatro tratamentos (óleos de: canola, linhaça, soja e oliva). Para compor os diferentes tratamentos foram confeccionadas dietas isoprotéicas (42% PB) e isoenergéticas (4569,29 kcal/kg EB), as quais diferiram apenas na fonte de óleo utilizada. Juvenis de trairão com comprimento padrão médio de 4,77 ± 1,40 cm e peso médio de 1,97 ± 0,21 g foram distribuídos em 20 aquários (35 x 30 x 14 cm) contendo sete litros de água (1,14 peixes/L), dotados de filtro biológico, aeração constante e sistema de aquecimento ajustados a 26 ± 1,0 ºC. Os aquários foram cobertos com tela preta de dois milímetros de abertura para evitar a fuga dos peixes. Durante todo o período experimental utilizou-se fotoperíodo de 12 horas. Os peixes foram alimentados diariamente, nos horários de 8:00, 13:00 e 17:00 e observados quanto aos comportamentos: alimentar, agressividade e canibalismo. Ao final de 50 dias foi realizada a biometria dos animais para a avaliação dos seguintes índices zootécnicos: ganhos de comprimento e peso, taxa de crescimento específico, conversão alimentar e taxa de sobrevivência. Após a biometria, três peixes por repetição de cada tratamento foram sacrificados e eviscerados para análise do perfil de ácidos graxos. Os resultados dos índices zootécnicos e perfil de ácidos graxos obtidos foram avaliados por meio da análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo critério de Scottt-Knott a 5 % de probabilidade. Em todos os tratamentos foram observados 100% de sobrevivência e ausência de canibalismo entre os peixes. Não foi observado comportamento de agressividade e dominância entre os peixes. Também não foi observada diferença estatística para os demais índices zootécnicos avaliados. O perfil de ácidos graxos dos animais refletiu o perfil de ácidos graxos das respectivas dietas avaliadas. Portanto, todas as fontes de óleos vegetais avaliadas são indicadas a para a nutrição e saúde de juvenis de trairão.
This study aimed to evaluate diets with different oil sources on juveniles of trairão (Hoplias lacerdae). Experimental design was completely randomized with five replications and four treatments (oils: canola, flaxseed, soybean and olive oils). Treatments were isonitrogenous (42% PB) and isocaloric (4569.29 kcal EB/kg), differing only in the source of oil. Juvenile trairões with average 4.77 ± 1.40 cm standard length and 1.97 ± 0.21 g weight were divided into 20 tanks (35 x 30 x 14 cm) at 1.14 fish / L density. Aquaria were equipped with biological filter, constant aeration and heating system adjusted to 26 ± 1.0 º C. The aquaria were covered with black screen of two millimeters of opening to prevent fish to escape, and 12-hour photoperiod. Fish were fed daily at 8:00, 13:00 and 17:00 and behavior of feeding, aggression and cannibalism. Were recorded after 50 days biometry was performed on animals for the assessment of after: gains in length and weight, specific growth rate, feed conversion and survival rate. After biometrics, three fish per replicate of each treatment were billed and eviscerated for analysis of fatty acid profile. The results of the zootechnical indices and fatty acid profile were evaluated by analysis of variance and means were compared with Scottt-Knott 5% probability criterion. All treatments yielded 100% survival and absence of cannibalism. There was no aggressive and dominance behavior among the fish. Other zootechnical showed no statistical differences among treatments. The fatty acid profile of the animals followed the fatty acid profile of their diets. We concluded that fish densities were suitable for survival and that all sources of vegetable oils were appropriate for nutrition and health of juvenile trairões.
This study aimed to evaluate diets with different oil sources on juveniles of trairão (Hoplias lacerdae). Experimental design was completely randomized with five replications and four treatments (oils: canola, flaxseed, soybean and olive oils). Treatments were isonitrogenous (42% PB) and isocaloric (4569.29 kcal EB/kg), differing only in the source of oil. Juvenile trairões with average 4.77 ± 1.40 cm standard length and 1.97 ± 0.21 g weight were divided into 20 tanks (35 x 30 x 14 cm) at 1.14 fish / L density. Aquaria were equipped with biological filter, constant aeration and heating system adjusted to 26 ± 1.0 º C. The aquaria were covered with black screen of two millimeters of opening to prevent fish to escape, and 12-hour photoperiod. Fish were fed daily at 8:00, 13:00 and 17:00 and behavior of feeding, aggression and cannibalism. Were recorded after 50 days biometry was performed on animals for the assessment of after: gains in length and weight, specific growth rate, feed conversion and survival rate. After biometrics, three fish per replicate of each treatment were billed and eviscerated for analysis of fatty acid profile. The results of the zootechnical indices and fatty acid profile were evaluated by analysis of variance and means were compared with Scottt-Knott 5% probability criterion. All treatments yielded 100% survival and absence of cannibalism. There was no aggressive and dominance behavior among the fish. Other zootechnical showed no statistical differences among treatments. The fatty acid profile of the animals followed the fatty acid profile of their diets. We concluded that fish densities were suitable for survival and that all sources of vegetable oils were appropriate for nutrition and health of juvenile trairões.
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FELIPE, Thiago Rota Alves. Sources of lipids for juvenile trairão (Hoplias lacerdae). 2009. 55 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biologia e Manejo animal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2009.
