Margaridão como substituto do capim elefante BRS Japiaçu na produção de silagem sem ou com adição de concentrado
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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Foi objetivo do presente trabalho, avaliar a qualidade de silagens de margaridão (Tithonia diversifolia) em substituição ao capim elefante como alimento volumoso, sem e com adição de concentrado (silagem mistas de volumosos e silagens de dietas completas, respectivamente). Foram feitas silagens mistas contendo 0; 33,3; 66,7; 100% de margaridão em substituição ao capim elefante BRS Capiaçu, sem e com adição de concentrado, com 8 tratamentos (fatorial 4*2) e 3 repetições, totalizando 24 unidades experimentais, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. As dietas completas foram formuladas para vacas produzindo 10 L/dia. Foram analisados a composição bromatológica das silagens, perdas na ensilagem e recuperação da matéria seca e de seus constituintes. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e as médias de tratamentos comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, ao nível de 5% de significância. Houve efeito linear de nível crescente de margaridão sobre os teores de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF) e proteína bruta (PB) nas silagens (P<0,05), de forma decrescente, crescente e crescente, respectivamente. Não houve efeito de nível crescente de margaridão sobre os teores de matéria seca (MS), extrato etéreo (EE) e cinzas nas silagens (CZ) (P>0,05), bem como sobre as perdas na ensilagem e recuperação da MS e dos demais constituintes da silagem, exceto no caso da recuperação dos CNF, onde houve aumento linear crescente (P<0,05). A presença de concentrado aumentou os teores de MS, CNF e PB e reduziu os teores de FDN e CZ (P<0,01) e diminuiu as perdas por efluentes e as perdas totais (P<0,01). Entretanto, não alterou o teor de EE das silagens, as perdas gasosas e a recuperação de componentes químicos da silagem (P>0,05). Embora a inclusão de margaridão tenha aumentado o teor de proteína bruta, os níveis alcançados não foram tão elevados quanto esperado. A presença de concentrado, por sua vez, melhorou a composição bromatológica das silagens e reduziu as perdas de efluentes. A interação entre os níveis crescentes de margaridão e a adição de concentrado destacou que o concentrado reduziu as perdas de efluente somente no tratamento com 0% de margaridão, e também aumentou o teor de proteína bruta da silagem, mas de forma pouco efetiva.Palavras-chave: Margaridão ; silagem mista
The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of silages from complete diets using Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) as a bulky feed, with and without the addition of concentrate (mixed silages of bulk feeds and complete diet silages, respectively). Mixed silages were made containing 0%, 33.3%, 66.7%, and 100% of Mexican sunflower replacing elephant grass BRS Capiaçu, with and without the addition of concentrate, resulting in 8 treatments (4*2 factorial) and 3 repetitions, totaling 24 experimental units, in a completely randomized design. The complete diets were formulated for cows producing 10 liters/day. The bromatological composition of the silages, losses during ensiling, and recovery of dry matter and its components were analyzed. The obtained data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and treatment means were compared using Tukey’s test at a significance level of 5%. There was a linear effect of increasing levels of Mexican sunflower on the contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC), and crude protein (CP) in the silages (P<0.05), decreasing, increasing, and increasing respectively. There was no effect of increasing levels of Mexican sunflower on the contents of dry matter (DM), ether extract (EE), and ash (A) in the silages (P>0.05), nor on losses during ensiling and recovery of DM and other constituents of the silage, except for the recovery of NFC, which showed a linear increase (P<0.05). The presence of concentrate increased the levels of DM, NFC, and CP while reducing the levels of NDF and Ashes (P<0.01) and decreased losses from effluents and total losses (P<0.01). However, it did not change the EE content of the silages, gas losses, or the recovery of chemical components of the silage (P>0.05). Although the inclusion of Mexican sunflower increased the crude protein content, the levels achieved were not as high as expected. The presence of concentrate improved the bromatological composition of the silages and reduced effluent losses. The interaction between the increasing levels of Mexican sunflower and the addition of concentrate indicated that the concentrate reduced effluent losses only in the treatment with 0% Mexican sunflower; it also increased the crude protein content of the silage, but to a limited extent. Keywords: Mexican Sunflower; mixed silage
The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of silages from complete diets using Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) as a bulky feed, with and without the addition of concentrate (mixed silages of bulk feeds and complete diet silages, respectively). Mixed silages were made containing 0%, 33.3%, 66.7%, and 100% of Mexican sunflower replacing elephant grass BRS Capiaçu, with and without the addition of concentrate, resulting in 8 treatments (4*2 factorial) and 3 repetitions, totaling 24 experimental units, in a completely randomized design. The complete diets were formulated for cows producing 10 liters/day. The bromatological composition of the silages, losses during ensiling, and recovery of dry matter and its components were analyzed. The obtained data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and treatment means were compared using Tukey’s test at a significance level of 5%. There was a linear effect of increasing levels of Mexican sunflower on the contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC), and crude protein (CP) in the silages (P<0.05), decreasing, increasing, and increasing respectively. There was no effect of increasing levels of Mexican sunflower on the contents of dry matter (DM), ether extract (EE), and ash (A) in the silages (P>0.05), nor on losses during ensiling and recovery of DM and other constituents of the silage, except for the recovery of NFC, which showed a linear increase (P<0.05). The presence of concentrate increased the levels of DM, NFC, and CP while reducing the levels of NDF and Ashes (P<0.01) and decreased losses from effluents and total losses (P<0.01). However, it did not change the EE content of the silages, gas losses, or the recovery of chemical components of the silage (P>0.05). Although the inclusion of Mexican sunflower increased the crude protein content, the levels achieved were not as high as expected. The presence of concentrate improved the bromatological composition of the silages and reduced effluent losses. The interaction between the increasing levels of Mexican sunflower and the addition of concentrate indicated that the concentrate reduced effluent losses only in the treatment with 0% Mexican sunflower; it also increased the crude protein content of the silage, but to a limited extent. Keywords: Mexican Sunflower; mixed silage
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SILVA, Marcelo Mauad. Margaridão como substituto do capim elefante BRS Capiaçu na produção de silagem sem ou com adição de concentrado. 2025. 29 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agroecologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
