Efeito do estresse hídrico sobre o crescimento de cultivares de cana-de-açúcar
Arquivos
Data
2012-07-20
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O presente estudo teve como objetivos principais: 1) Ajustar os modelos de crescimento expolinear, logístico e Gompertz ao acúmulo de matéria seca da parte aérea da cana-de-açúcar para os cultivares RB92579, RB855453, RB867515 e RB928064; e 2) Determinar as taxas de crescimento dos cultivares mencionadas sob distintos níveis de estresse hídrico, referidos no presente trabalho como: ausência de estresse (10 kPa), estresse leve (60 kPa), moderado (90 kPa) e severo (120 kPa). Foram conduzidos dois experimentos independentes, sendo o primeiro em condições de campo, e o segundo em casa-de-vegetação, ambos localizados na Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Os dados do ambiente e da planta foram coletados no período de 26/08/11 até o dia 18/05/12 (primeiro experimento) e 18/12/11 até 22/05/12 (segundo experimento). No primeiro experimento, os modelos de crescimento (expolinear, logístico e Gompertz) foram capazes de simular bem a matéria seca acumulada pelos cultivares ao longo do período estudado. Os valores de coeficiente de determinação ajustado (R2aj) estiveram acima de 92,09% para todos os modelos avaliados. A partir do ajuste dos parâmetros do modelo de crescimento expolinear, constatou-se que, ao final do período experimental, a massa seca foi ligeiramente maior para o cultivar RB855453 em comparação ao RB867515, os quais se destacaram em relação aos cultivares RB928064 e RB92579. Em decorrência do efeito do estresse hídrico no crescimento e acúmulo de massa seca da parte aérea da cana-de-açúcar sob condições de casa-de-vegetação, foi constatado que o modelo sigmoidal com três parâmetros proporcionou melhor ajuste aos dados de matéria seca e de estatura dos colmos. Na ausência de estresse hídrico, os valores máximos da taxa de crescimento da cultura (TCC) estiveram compreendidos entre 0,22 e 0,31 g°Cd-1, enquanto os valores máximos da taxa de elongação do colmo (TEC) estiveram compreendidos entre 0,20 e 0,25 cm°Cd-1, independente da cultivar. Em contraste, sob estresse severo, os valores máximos da TCC estiveram entre 0,050 e 0,068 g°Cd-1 e da TEC entre 0,07 e 0,09 cm°Cd-1, também independente do cultivar avaliado. Sob ausência de estresse hídrico, a TCC máxima do cultivar RB867515 foi em média cerca de 7,5, 36,8 e 40,8 % maior que a TCC máxima dos cultivares RB855453, RB92579 e RB928064, respectivamente. Nessa condição, esse cultivar alcançou a TEC máxima somente aos 1100 °Cd, enquanto para os demais cultivares, os valores máximos foram observados aos 900 °Cd, aproximadamente.
The main objectives of the present study were: 1) to evaluate the goodness of fit of growth models to determine the variation of the dry mass for sugarcane, cultivars RB92579, RB867515, RB928064 and RB855453; and 2) determine the growth rates of the mentioned cultivars subjected to different levels of water stress, denoted in the present work as: unstressed (10 kPa), mild (60 kPa), moderate (90 kPa) and severe (120 kPa). Two independent experiments were carried out: the first one under field conditions and the second one in a greenhouse, both located at the Federal University of Viçosa (Brazil). Environmental and plant data were collected from October 26 (2011) to May 18 (2012) for the first experiment and December 18 (2011) to May 22 (2012) for the second experiment. In the first experiment, the growth models (expolinear, logístico and Gompertz) were capable of simulating well accumulated dry matter of the cultivars, during the studied period. Values of the adjusted determination coefficient were above 92.09% for all evaluated models. Based on the adjusted parameters of the expolinear model, it was observed, at the end of the experimental period, that the dry mass was lightly superior for the cultivar RB855453 compared to RB867515, which outperformed the cultivars RB928064 and RB92579. Due to the water stress effect on the growth and accumulated dry mass of sugarcane under greenhouse conditions, it was observed that the sigmoid model with three parameters provided the best fit to the growth and data of plant heights. In the treatments without water stress, the maximum values of culture growth rate (TCC) ranged between 0.22 and 0.31 g°Cd-1, while the maximum values of stem elongation rate (TEC) were between 0.20 and 0.25 cm°Cd-1, regardless of cultivar. In contrast, under severe water xviii stress, the maximum values of the TCC ranged between 0.050 and 0.068 g°Cd-1 and the TEC were between 0.07 and 0.09 cm°Cd-1, also regardless of the evaluated cultivar. For the treatment without water stress, the maximum TCC for the RB867515 cultivar were larger then RB855453, RB92579 and RB928064, corresponding to 7.5, 36.8 and 40.8 %, respectively. In that condition, the cultivar RB867515 reached the maximum TEC only at 1100°Cd, while for the others, the maximum values were observed at 900 °Cd, approximately.
The main objectives of the present study were: 1) to evaluate the goodness of fit of growth models to determine the variation of the dry mass for sugarcane, cultivars RB92579, RB867515, RB928064 and RB855453; and 2) determine the growth rates of the mentioned cultivars subjected to different levels of water stress, denoted in the present work as: unstressed (10 kPa), mild (60 kPa), moderate (90 kPa) and severe (120 kPa). Two independent experiments were carried out: the first one under field conditions and the second one in a greenhouse, both located at the Federal University of Viçosa (Brazil). Environmental and plant data were collected from October 26 (2011) to May 18 (2012) for the first experiment and December 18 (2011) to May 22 (2012) for the second experiment. In the first experiment, the growth models (expolinear, logístico and Gompertz) were capable of simulating well accumulated dry matter of the cultivars, during the studied period. Values of the adjusted determination coefficient were above 92.09% for all evaluated models. Based on the adjusted parameters of the expolinear model, it was observed, at the end of the experimental period, that the dry mass was lightly superior for the cultivar RB855453 compared to RB867515, which outperformed the cultivars RB928064 and RB92579. Due to the water stress effect on the growth and accumulated dry mass of sugarcane under greenhouse conditions, it was observed that the sigmoid model with three parameters provided the best fit to the growth and data of plant heights. In the treatments without water stress, the maximum values of culture growth rate (TCC) ranged between 0.22 and 0.31 g°Cd-1, while the maximum values of stem elongation rate (TEC) were between 0.20 and 0.25 cm°Cd-1, regardless of cultivar. In contrast, under severe water xviii stress, the maximum values of the TCC ranged between 0.050 and 0.068 g°Cd-1 and the TEC were between 0.07 and 0.09 cm°Cd-1, also regardless of the evaluated cultivar. For the treatment without water stress, the maximum TCC for the RB867515 cultivar were larger then RB855453, RB92579 and RB928064, corresponding to 7.5, 36.8 and 40.8 %, respectively. In that condition, the cultivar RB867515 reached the maximum TEC only at 1100°Cd, while for the others, the maximum values were observed at 900 °Cd, approximately.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Agrometeorologia, Cana-de-açúcar, Estresse hídrico, Interação planta-ambiente, Agrometeorology, Cane sugar, Water stress, Plant-environment interaction
Citação
BATISTA, Evandro Lima da Silveira. Effect of water stress on growth of sugarcane cultivars. 2012. 117 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agrometeorologia; Climatologia; Micrometeorologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2012.