Transparência e accountability na Administração Pública: o caso da Universidade Federal de Viçosa – Campus Rio Paranaíba
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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Nos anos recentes o Brasil vivenciou período de baixo crescimento econômico e corte de gastos da máquina pública (KUPFER, 2020). Com menos recursos orçamentários e maior rigidez fiscal parece aumentar a necessidade de promover a transparência e eficiência nos gastos públicos, tornando as instituições públicas mais fiscalizáveis e responsabilizando ainda os gestores públicos por suas atuações. A informação e o acesso a ela tornam-se então importantes ativos para cumprir esses objetivos. Esta pesquisa identificou junto a servidores da gestão financeira e orçamentária da Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Campus Rio Paranaíba, representados aqui nas figuras de seus diretores gerais, diretores administrativos-financeiros e secretários dessas diretorias que existem questões estruturais na instituição que uma limitam o alcance de uma transparência profunda e a melhoria da accountability da instituição. Dentro das questões estruturais identificou-se a necessidade de uso de uma Unidade de Administração de Serviços Gerais (UASG) própria, a ausência de um setor financeiro na instituição, ausência de capacitação, conscientização ou orientações específicas voltadas aos gestores a respeito de accountability e transparência. Também foi identificado o baixo interesse da sociedade em participar da gestão da instituição, fazendo-se necessário que os gestores busquem novas formas de trazer a sociedade para a gestão da instituição, tornando essa comunicação com a sociedade mais "amigável", adotando formatos de divulgação de informações visualmente mais atrativos e acessíveis por canais mais abrangentes como as redes sociais. Notou-se ainda avanços institucionais que poderão tornar a instituição mais fiscalizável e transparente, como foi com a criação da Diretoria de Governança Institucional (DGI). Visualizou-se, de acordo com os entrevistados, possibilidades de melhorar a imagem institucional e a captação de recursos financeiros por meio de uma abordagem mais ativa da transparência e accountability. Como proposta de intervenção, desenvolveu-se então um programa computacional que será gerido pelos gestores da Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Campus Rio Paranaíba, com informações financeiras e orçamentárias que estes julgarem relevantes. O programa computacional foi desenvolvido de acordo com os requisitos visuais, técnicos e de informação que foram apontados nas entrevistas, aliados à visão do pesquisador nas áreas de Administração Pública e Tecnologia da Informação, produzindo-se um conjunto de informações em um formato que, espera-se, ser útil para os gestores desta Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior - IFES, mas também simples e atrativo ao cidadão de modo a despertar seu interesse e participação na gestão pública. Palavras-chave: Transparência. Accountability. Administração Pública.
In recent years, Brazil has experienced a period of low economic growth and cutbacks in public spending (KUPFER, 2020). With fewer budget resources and greater fiscal rigidity, the need to promote transparency and efficiency in public spending seems to increase, making public institutions more auditable and making public managers responsible for their actions. Information and access to it then become important assets to fulfill these goals. This research identified with the employees of the financial and budget management of the Federal University of Viçosa - Campus Rio Paranaíba, represented here in the figures of its general directors, administrative and financial directors and secretaries of these boards that there are structural issues in the institution that limit the scope of deep transparency and improved accountability of the institution. Within the structural issues, the need to use its own General Services Administration Unit (UASG) was identified, the absence of a financial sector in the institution, lack of training, awareness or specific guidelines aimed at managers regarding accountability and transparency. Society's low interest in participating in the institution's management was also identified, making it necessary for managers to seek new ways to bring society into the institution's management, making this communication with society more "friendly", adopting disclosure formats visually more attractive and accessible through broader channels such as social networks. Institutional advances were also noted that could make the institution more auditable and transparent, as was the case with the creation of the Institutional Governance Directorate (DGI). According to the interviewees, there are possibilities for improving the institutional image and raising financial resources through a more active approach of transparency and accountability. As an intervention proposal, a computer program was then developed to be managed by the managers of the Federal University of Viçosa - Campus Rio Paranaíba, with financial and budgetary information that they deem relevant. The computer program was developed in accordance with the visual, technical and information requirements that were pointed out in the interviews, combined with the researcher's vision in the areas of Public Administration and Information Technology, producing a set of information in a formatthat is expected itself, to be useful for managers of this Federal Institution of Higher Education - IFES, but also simple and attractive to citizens in order to awaken their interest and participation in public management. Keywords: Transparency. Accountability. Public Administration.
In recent years, Brazil has experienced a period of low economic growth and cutbacks in public spending (KUPFER, 2020). With fewer budget resources and greater fiscal rigidity, the need to promote transparency and efficiency in public spending seems to increase, making public institutions more auditable and making public managers responsible for their actions. Information and access to it then become important assets to fulfill these goals. This research identified with the employees of the financial and budget management of the Federal University of Viçosa - Campus Rio Paranaíba, represented here in the figures of its general directors, administrative and financial directors and secretaries of these boards that there are structural issues in the institution that limit the scope of deep transparency and improved accountability of the institution. Within the structural issues, the need to use its own General Services Administration Unit (UASG) was identified, the absence of a financial sector in the institution, lack of training, awareness or specific guidelines aimed at managers regarding accountability and transparency. Society's low interest in participating in the institution's management was also identified, making it necessary for managers to seek new ways to bring society into the institution's management, making this communication with society more "friendly", adopting disclosure formats visually more attractive and accessible through broader channels such as social networks. Institutional advances were also noted that could make the institution more auditable and transparent, as was the case with the creation of the Institutional Governance Directorate (DGI). According to the interviewees, there are possibilities for improving the institutional image and raising financial resources through a more active approach of transparency and accountability. As an intervention proposal, a computer program was then developed to be managed by the managers of the Federal University of Viçosa - Campus Rio Paranaíba, with financial and budgetary information that they deem relevant. The computer program was developed in accordance with the visual, technical and information requirements that were pointed out in the interviews, combined with the researcher's vision in the areas of Public Administration and Information Technology, producing a set of information in a formatthat is expected itself, to be useful for managers of this Federal Institution of Higher Education - IFES, but also simple and attractive to citizens in order to awaken their interest and participation in public management. Keywords: Transparency. Accountability. Public Administration.
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MELO, Diego Queiroz. Transparência e accountability na Administração Pública: o caso da Universidade Federal de Viçosa – Campus Rio Paranaíba. 2021. 96 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Administração) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba. 2021.
