Preferências e colonização de madeira seca por cupins Cryptotermes brevis
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Cupins, térmites ou ainda térmitas (Isoptera), rivalizam com as formigas e seres humanos em biomassa e nível organizacional. Ocupando papel fundamental na decomposição de matéria vegetal e na ciclagem de seus nutrientes. Entretanto, algumas espécies, como Cryptotermes brevis (Walker, 1853) (Isoptera: kalotermitidae), membro da família Kalotermitidae, são parasitas vorazes de materiais celulósicos, Esta característica associada ao habito críptico, comportamento eussocial e a habilidade de conversão de fase jovem em fundadores de colônia torna difícil seu combate em meio urbano, onde podem destruir moveis ou até condenar construções inteiras. Este trabalho teve como objetivo testar o impacto causado pela espécie de térmita C. brevis em diferentes tipos de madeiras de largo uso no ambiente urbano. Para isso foram avaliadas preferências alimentares, padrão de colonização e dano pelos insetos fazendo uso desde técnicas como raio-X digital, respirometria, desgaste mandibular dos insetos, e análises físicas da madeira. Os cupins demonstraram uma clara preferência por madeira de densidade e durezas baixas, entretanto, consumiram madeiras tidas como duras e impalatáveis. Observou- se ainda um desgaste acentuado nas mandíbulas esquerdas dos insetos e taxa respiratória variável de acordo com a madeira consumida.
Cupins, termites or termitas (Isoptera), rival ants and humans in biomass and organizational level. Occupying key role in the decomposition of plant matter and the cycling of nutrients. However, some species such as Cryptotermes brevis (Walker, 1853) (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae), Kalotermitidae family member, are voracious parasites of cellulosic materials, this characteristic associated with cryptic habit, eusocial behavior and the young stage conversion ability to founders colony makes it difficult its combat in urban areas, where they can destroy furniture or even condemn entire buildings. This study aimed to test the impact caused by the species of termite C. brevis in different kinds of wide use of wood in the urban environment. For that were assessed dietary preferences, pattern of settlement and damage by insects from making use techniques such as digital X-ray, respirometry, mandibular wear of insects, and physical analysis of the wood. Termites have shown a clear preference for wood density and low hardness, however, consumed woods regarded as harsh and unpalatable. There was also a marked wear on the left jaws of insects and variable respiratory rate according to the wood consumed.
Cupins, termites or termitas (Isoptera), rival ants and humans in biomass and organizational level. Occupying key role in the decomposition of plant matter and the cycling of nutrients. However, some species such as Cryptotermes brevis (Walker, 1853) (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae), Kalotermitidae family member, are voracious parasites of cellulosic materials, this characteristic associated with cryptic habit, eusocial behavior and the young stage conversion ability to founders colony makes it difficult its combat in urban areas, where they can destroy furniture or even condemn entire buildings. This study aimed to test the impact caused by the species of termite C. brevis in different kinds of wide use of wood in the urban environment. For that were assessed dietary preferences, pattern of settlement and damage by insects from making use techniques such as digital X-ray, respirometry, mandibular wear of insects, and physical analysis of the wood. Termites have shown a clear preference for wood density and low hardness, however, consumed woods regarded as harsh and unpalatable. There was also a marked wear on the left jaws of insects and variable respiratory rate according to the wood consumed.
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COSME JÚNIOR, Lírio. Preferências e colonização de madeira seca por cupins Cryptotermes brevis. 2015. 34 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2015.
