Perfil dos ácidos graxos da dieta e do tecido adiposo da mama, polimorfismos e risco de doença benigna e câncer de mama
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O câncer de mama (CM) é o segundo câncer mais comum entre as mulheres brasileiras, destacando-se entre os tipos de câncer com altas taxas de mortalidade. O CM é considerado uma doença multifatorial envolvendo fatores biológico- endócrinos, vida reprodutiva, comportamentais, estilo de vida, como a dieta, e os genéticos. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar os hábitos alimentares, o perfil de ácidos graxos do tecido mamário e a ocorrência de polimorfismo de
nucleotídeo único (SNP) entre mulheres com o CM ou doença benigna da mama (DBM). Foi conduzido um estudo caso-controle, mascarado, de base hospitalar, com mulheres diagnosticadas com CM, DBM e controles, atendidas em um hospital público da cidade de Belo Horizonte, MG. Os dados foram coletados com a aplicação de questionário, e as amostras biológicas obtidas das pacientes que foram submetidas a cirurgia da mama por meio da coleta de sangue e biopsia do tecido mamário. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença estatística no consumo de ácidos graxos entre os grupos avaliados. A concentração do ácido láurico (P
0,001), acido mirístico (P = 0,036), ácido estearico (P = 0,031) e ácidos graxos saturados totais (AGST) (P=0,048) foram menores no tecido adiposo das mulheres com CM do que nas com DBM, enquanto o ácido palmitoleico (P = 0,022), ácido erúcico (P = 0,002), MUFAs totais) (P = 0.039) e a razão acido oleíco/ácido estearico (P = 0,015) foram maiores naquelas com CM do que nas com DBM. Por sua vez, não houve associação significativa entre o polimorfismo de Prol2Ala do Receptor Ativado por Proliferadores de Peroxissomos gama (PPARy ) (P=0,977), da Metilenotetrahidrofolato Redutase (M T HFR ) C677T (lC=0,956-1,003), da Metionina Sintetase (MT H ) A2756G (lC=0,335-1,028) e os grupos estudados. Quando testados se as combinações de alelos de risco poderiam gerar um efeito cumulativo no câncer de mama, o presente trabalho não encontrou associações significativas (p>0,05). As variáveis apontadas como fatores de risco para a ocorrência de DBM e CM nesta população estavam relacionadas a vida reprodutiva e hormonal da mulher, bem como a composição corporal e de estilo de vida. A participação das variáveis principais deste estudo e o CM e a DBM, continuam dependente de mais estudos na população brasileira, particularmente em relação aos polimorfismos.
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer among Brazilian women, highlighting among cancers with high mortality rates. BC is considered a multifactorial disease involving biological-endocrine factors, reproductive life, behavioral, lifestyle, diet, and genetic. The present study aims to investigate the eating habits, the fatty acid profile of the breast tissue and an occurrence of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) among women with BC or benign breast disease (BBD). A masked, hospital-based case-control study was conducted with women diagnosed with BC, BBD and controls, attended at a public hospital in the city of Belo Horizonte, MG. The data were collected with the application of a questionnaire, and the biological samples obtained from patients who underwent breast surgery through blood collection and breast tissue biopsy. The results showed that there was no statistical difference in the consumption of fatty acids between the evaluated groups. The concentration of lauric acid (P = 0.001), myristic acid (P = 0.036), stearic acid (P = 0.031) and total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (P = 0.048) were lower in women with BC than in those with BBD, whereas palmitoleic acid (P = 0.022), erucic acid (P = 0.002), total MUFAs (P = 0.039) and oleic acid / stearic acid ratio (P = 0.015) were higher in those with BC than in BBD. On the other hand, there was no significant association between Pro12Ala polymorphism of the Receptor Activated by Peroxisome Proliferators gamma (PPARγ) (P = 0.977), Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) C677T (CI = 0.956-1.003), Methionine Synthase (MTH) A2756G (CI = 0.335-1.028) and the groups studied. When tested whether combinations of risk alleles could generate a cumulative effect on breast cancer, our work found no significant associations. The variables identified as risk factors for the occurrence of DBM and CM in this population were related to women's reproductive and hormonal life, as well as body composition and lifestyle. The participation of the main variables of this study and CM and DBM, remain dependent on more studies in the Brazilian population, particularly in relation to the polymorphisms.
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer among Brazilian women, highlighting among cancers with high mortality rates. BC is considered a multifactorial disease involving biological-endocrine factors, reproductive life, behavioral, lifestyle, diet, and genetic. The present study aims to investigate the eating habits, the fatty acid profile of the breast tissue and an occurrence of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) among women with BC or benign breast disease (BBD). A masked, hospital-based case-control study was conducted with women diagnosed with BC, BBD and controls, attended at a public hospital in the city of Belo Horizonte, MG. The data were collected with the application of a questionnaire, and the biological samples obtained from patients who underwent breast surgery through blood collection and breast tissue biopsy. The results showed that there was no statistical difference in the consumption of fatty acids between the evaluated groups. The concentration of lauric acid (P = 0.001), myristic acid (P = 0.036), stearic acid (P = 0.031) and total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (P = 0.048) were lower in women with BC than in those with BBD, whereas palmitoleic acid (P = 0.022), erucic acid (P = 0.002), total MUFAs (P = 0.039) and oleic acid / stearic acid ratio (P = 0.015) were higher in those with BC than in BBD. On the other hand, there was no significant association between Pro12Ala polymorphism of the Receptor Activated by Peroxisome Proliferators gamma (PPARγ) (P = 0.977), Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) C677T (CI = 0.956-1.003), Methionine Synthase (MTH) A2756G (CI = 0.335-1.028) and the groups studied. When tested whether combinations of risk alleles could generate a cumulative effect on breast cancer, our work found no significant associations. The variables identified as risk factors for the occurrence of DBM and CM in this population were related to women's reproductive and hormonal life, as well as body composition and lifestyle. The participation of the main variables of this study and CM and DBM, remain dependent on more studies in the Brazilian population, particularly in relation to the polymorphisms.
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CONCEIÇÃO, Lisiane Lopes da. Perfil dos ácidos graxos da dieta e do tecido adiposo da mama, polimorfismos e risco de doença benigna e câncer de mama. 2016. 63f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência da Nutrição) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2016.
