Sintomatologia da murcha de Ceratocystis fimbriata em eucalipto
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Abstract
Descreveram-se o histórico da murcha de Ceratocystis fimbriata em eucalipto no Brasil e em outros países e a sintomatologia da doença, em plantações clonais com 4 meses a 5 anos de idade, em brotações de tocos, em estacas em enraizamento e em mudas clonais em viveiro, de quatro estados brasileiros. O patógeno evoluía-se da extremidade da raiz, atingindo o colo e tronco acima via parênquima medular, de onde, em diversas alturas, surgiam estrias escuras, que progrediam, via parênquima radial, matando uma porção de câmbio vascular, de floema e de feloderme. Dessa progressão sistêmica do patógeno, ascendente e radialmente, resultava uma lesão longitudinal externamente no tronco, contínua ou descontínua, marrom-avermelhada, coriácea, que passava a sulcada e, posteriormente, a cancro longitudinal, com seus calos longilíneos nas duas laterais. Por esse contexto sintomatológico, pode-se considerar essa enfermidade como um modelo de doença sistêmica em essência florestal, pelo menos na subárea da patologia florestal brasileira. Em brotações novas, em estacas em enraizamento e em mudas clonais as lesões eram longitudinais, contínuas ou descontínuas, negras a arroxeadas. A inativação de xilema em raízes, colo e em diferentes alturas do tronco, ou galho, dava-se pelo adensamento das estrias radiais escuras no lenho.
The symptomatology of Ceratocystis fimbriata wilt in eucalyptus was described based on observations of 4-month to 5-year-old clonal plantations, in stump sprouts, rooting cuttings, and rooted seedlings in nurseries. The disease was characterized as a model of systemic disease in woody plants, which starts in roots and progresses upward to the collar and trunk through the medullar parenchyma, where dark stripes irradiate and lead a portion of the vascular cambium, phloem and phelloderm to death. As the pathogen spread upward and radially, a longitudinal reddish-brown, continuous or non-continuous corky lesion appeared outside the trunk. Later, it turned into a furrowed, brownish, and finally longitudinal canker with callus on both sides. In infected young sprouts, cuttings, and seedlings, the lesions were longitudinal and bluish-black or purple. The xylem was inactivated by compression of the radial stripes in some woody segments.
The symptomatology of Ceratocystis fimbriata wilt in eucalyptus was described based on observations of 4-month to 5-year-old clonal plantations, in stump sprouts, rooting cuttings, and rooted seedlings in nurseries. The disease was characterized as a model of systemic disease in woody plants, which starts in roots and progresses upward to the collar and trunk through the medullar parenchyma, where dark stripes irradiate and lead a portion of the vascular cambium, phloem and phelloderm to death. As the pathogen spread upward and radially, a longitudinal reddish-brown, continuous or non-continuous corky lesion appeared outside the trunk. Later, it turned into a furrowed, brownish, and finally longitudinal canker with callus on both sides. In infected young sprouts, cuttings, and seedlings, the lesions were longitudinal and bluish-black or purple. The xylem was inactivated by compression of the radial stripes in some woody segments.
