Prática pedagógica de professores de Educação Física atuantes na educação básica: elementos reflexivos acerca da multidimensionalidade da didática.
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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Tradicionalmente ao longo da história, a Educação Física teve suas práticas centradas no desempenho motor e no rendimento físico dos alunos. Em meados da década de 1980, com o fim do regime militar no Brasil e o início do processo de redemocratização, estimularam-se intensos questionamentos sobre a educação com viés tecnicista e autoritário prevalecente até então, dando lugar a um modelo educacional de ensino crítico e autonomia pedagógica. Sob essa ótica, é importante destacar a didática multidimensional defendida por Candau, que considerava o processo ensino aprendizagem a partir das dimensões humana, político-social e técnica. No campo da Educação Física, o Movimento Renovador, ampliou a função da disciplina no processo de formação do aluno no decorrer da educação básica. Neste contexto, a presente Dissertação, teve como objetivo, analisar aspectos inerentes à multidimensionalidade do processo de ensino aprendizagem presentes na prática pedagógica de professores de Educação Física atuantes em escolas da educação básica localizadas na cidade de Muriaé, MG. A pesquisa foi conduzida a partir dos pressupostos de uma abordagem qualitativa. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados, foram utilizadas entrevista semiestruturada e observações de aulas. O grupo amostral consistiu de 09 professores (04 mulheres e 05 homens) licenciados em Educação Física, atuantes na educação básica pública. A análise dos dados mostrou que a prática pedagógica dos professores de Educação Física, evidencia a integração das dimensões humana, político-social e técnica no processo de ensino aprendizagem. A dimensão humana consolidou-se nas relações interpessoais construídas entre professores e alunos, fundamentadas na afetividade, no acolhimento, no respeito, na escuta sensível e no diálogo. Na dimensão político- social, observou-se que a Educação Física tem sido utilizada como espaço de reflexão crítica. A abordagem de temas, como desigualdade de gênero, preconceito, racismo, violência, diversidade cultural, direitos sociais e inclusão, evidencia o compromisso dos professores com uma educação voltada para a transformação social. Já na dimensão técnica, constatou-se que ela permanece desempenhando papel fundamental na organização do trabalho pedagógico, especialmente no planejamento das aulas, na definição das metodologias de ensino e nos processos de avaliação. Entretanto, percebe-se um afastamento das FAÇANHA, José Victor Arêdes, M.Sc., Universidade Federal de Viçosa, maio de 2026. Prática pedagógica de professores de Educação Física atuantes na educação básica: elementos reflexivos acerca da multidimensionalidade da didática. Orientador: Jairo Antonio da Paixao. práticas estritamente tecnicistas, tradicionalmente centradas apenas no desempenho motor e no rendimento físico dos alunos. Observou-se ainda que os professores, embora reconheçam a importância das avaliações como instrumento de acompanhamento e feedback sobre os conteúdos desenvolvidos, atribuem maior relevância à participação, ao engajamento e ao progresso individual dos alunos no decorrer das aulas. Assim, a Educação Física escolar consolida-se como um importante espaço de formação humana, cultural e cidadã, capaz de promover não apenas o desenvolvimento motor, mas também a construção de valores, a consciência crítica e o fortalecimento das relações sociais. Espera-se que os resultados e a discussão apresentados na dissertação, possam contribuir para a reflexão acerca das práticas pedagógicas dos professores de Educação Física na educação básica no contexto atual.
Traditionally, throughout history, Physical Education practices have been centered on students’ motor performance and physical achievement. In the middle of 1980s, with the end of the military regime in Brazil and the beginning of the redemocratization process, intense questioning emerged regarding the technicist and authoritarian educational model that had prevailed until then, giving way to an educational approach based on critical teaching and pedagogical autonomy. From this perspective, it is important to highlight the multidimensional didactics proposed by Vera Maria Candau, which understands the teaching-learning process through the human, political-social and technical dimensions. In the field of Physical Education, the Renewal Movement expanded the role of the discipline in the student’s educational process throughout basic education. In this context, the present research aimed to analyze aspects related to the multidimensionality of the teaching-learning process present in the pedagogical practices of Physical Education teachers working in basic education schools located in Muriaé, Minas Gerais. The research was conducted based on the assumptions of a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews and classroom observations were used as data collection instruments. The sample group consisted of nine teachers (four women and five men), all holding degrees in Physical Education and working in public basic education schools. Data analysis showed that the pedagogical practices of Physical Education teachers demonstrate the integration of the human, political-social and technical dimensions in the teaching-learning process. The human dimension was consolidated through interpersonal relationships established between teachers and students, based on affection, welcoming, respect, sensitive listening, and dialogue. Regarding the political-social dimension, it was observed that Physical Education has been used as a space for critical reflection. The discussion of topics such as gender inequality, prejudice, racism, violence, cultural diversity, social rights and inclusion demonstrates the teachers’ commitment to education aimed at social transformation. Concerning the technical dimension, it was found that it still plays a fundamental role in the organization of pedagogical work, especially in lesson planning, the definition of teaching methodologies and assessment processes. However, there is a noticeable distancing from strictly technicist practices, FAÇANHA, José Victor Arêdes, M.Sc., Universidade Federal de Viçosa, May, 2026. Pedagogical practice of Physical Education teachers working in basic education: reflective elements on the multidimensionality of didactics. Adviser: Jairo Antonio da Paixao. traditionally focused only on students’ motor performance and physical achievement. It was also observed that, although teachers recognize the importance of assessments as tools for monitoring and providing feedback on the developed content, they place greater value on students’ participation, engagement and individual progress throughout the classes. Thus, school Physical Education is consolidated as an important space for human, cultural and civic education, capable of promoting not only motor development, but also the construction of values, critical awareness and the strengthening of social relationships. It is expected that the results and discussions presented in this research may contribute to reflections on the pedagogical practices of Physical Education teachers in basic education within the current context.
Traditionally, throughout history, Physical Education practices have been centered on students’ motor performance and physical achievement. In the middle of 1980s, with the end of the military regime in Brazil and the beginning of the redemocratization process, intense questioning emerged regarding the technicist and authoritarian educational model that had prevailed until then, giving way to an educational approach based on critical teaching and pedagogical autonomy. From this perspective, it is important to highlight the multidimensional didactics proposed by Vera Maria Candau, which understands the teaching-learning process through the human, political-social and technical dimensions. In the field of Physical Education, the Renewal Movement expanded the role of the discipline in the student’s educational process throughout basic education. In this context, the present research aimed to analyze aspects related to the multidimensionality of the teaching-learning process present in the pedagogical practices of Physical Education teachers working in basic education schools located in Muriaé, Minas Gerais. The research was conducted based on the assumptions of a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews and classroom observations were used as data collection instruments. The sample group consisted of nine teachers (four women and five men), all holding degrees in Physical Education and working in public basic education schools. Data analysis showed that the pedagogical practices of Physical Education teachers demonstrate the integration of the human, political-social and technical dimensions in the teaching-learning process. The human dimension was consolidated through interpersonal relationships established between teachers and students, based on affection, welcoming, respect, sensitive listening, and dialogue. Regarding the political-social dimension, it was observed that Physical Education has been used as a space for critical reflection. The discussion of topics such as gender inequality, prejudice, racism, violence, cultural diversity, social rights and inclusion demonstrates the teachers’ commitment to education aimed at social transformation. Concerning the technical dimension, it was found that it still plays a fundamental role in the organization of pedagogical work, especially in lesson planning, the definition of teaching methodologies and assessment processes. However, there is a noticeable distancing from strictly technicist practices, FAÇANHA, José Victor Arêdes, M.Sc., Universidade Federal de Viçosa, May, 2026. Pedagogical practice of Physical Education teachers working in basic education: reflective elements on the multidimensionality of didactics. Adviser: Jairo Antonio da Paixao. traditionally focused only on students’ motor performance and physical achievement. It was also observed that, although teachers recognize the importance of assessments as tools for monitoring and providing feedback on the developed content, they place greater value on students’ participation, engagement and individual progress throughout the classes. Thus, school Physical Education is consolidated as an important space for human, cultural and civic education, capable of promoting not only motor development, but also the construction of values, critical awareness and the strengthening of social relationships. It is expected that the results and discussions presented in this research may contribute to reflections on the pedagogical practices of Physical Education teachers in basic education within the current context.
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FAÇANHA, José Victor Arêdes. Prática pedagógica de professores de Educação Física atuantes na educação básica: elementos reflexivos acerca da multidimensionalidade da didática. 2026.. 92f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
