Volume de calda e adição de óleo mineral para aplicação de glyphosate e atrazine sobre o controle de Ipomoea triloba
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Data
2023-07-21
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O atrazine é um dos principais herbicidas utilizados na cultura do milho, demandando adição de óleo mineral à calda quando a aplicação é realizada em pós- emergência das plantas daninhas. Com o aumento das áreas cultivadas com milho transgênico resistente ao glyphosate, têm sido comum a mistura dos dois herbicidas no tanque do pulverizador. No entanto, ainda há escassez de informações confiáveis sobre o volume de calda a ser utilizado e sobre a necessidade do uso do óleo mineral quando se utiliza o atrazine em mistura com o glyphosate. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito da adição de óleo mineral à calda contendo glyphosate e atrazine, aplicados isoladamente e em mistura, nos volumes de calda de 50 e 200 L ha-1, sobre a intoxicação na cultura do milho e sobre o controle da corda-de-viola (Ipomoea triloba). O trabalho foi constituído de dois experimentos, um para avaliar a intoxicação nas plantas de milho e outro, o controle da corda-de-viola. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em esquema fatorial 4x2x2, sendo quatro níveis de herbicidas [testemunha (água) sem herbicida, glyphosate (1.080 g ha-1 do e.a.), atrazine (2.000 g ha-1 do i.a.) e glyphosate (1.080 g ha-1 do e.a.) + atrazine (2.000 g ha-1 do i.a.)], dois volumes de calda (50 L ha-1 e 200 L ha-1) e dois níveis correspondentes à adição ou não de óleo mineral (0,5% v/v) à calda. Por ocasião da aplicação foram determinados o percentual de cobertura e a densidade de gotas por cm², por meio da técnica de papéis hidrossensíveis e análise via DropScope®. Aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após a aplicação (DAA) foram avaliados os níveis de injúrias no milho e o controle da corda-de-viola. Aos 21 DAA realizou-se a medição da altura e a coleta da parte aérea das plantas de milho para determinação da massa de matéria seca. Coletou-se também, aos 21 DAA, as plantas de corda-de-viola para mensurar a área foliar e determinar a massa de matéria seca. O volume de calda de 200 L ha-1 proporcionou maior percentual de cobertura e densidade de gotas, para todos os herbicidas, independente da adição de óleo mineral. A adição de óleo mineral à calda não provocou injúrias no milho e resultou em controle eficaz de corda-de-viola para o atrazine, glyphosate e a mistura desses, em ambos os volumes de calda. A aplicação de atrazine sem óleo mineral não provocou controle eficaz de corda-de- viola em nenhum dos volumes de calda. Não houve diferença entre os volumes de calda de 50 e 200 L ha-1 sobre o controle de corda-de-viola. Palavras-chave: mistura de herbicidas; volume de calda; óleo mineral; corda-de-viola (ipomoea triloba).
Atrazine is one of the main herbicides used in the corn crop, requiring the addition of mineral oil to the spray when the application is carried out in the post-emergence of weeds. With the increase in areas cultivated with transgenic corn resistant to glyphosate, it has become common to mix the two herbicides in the spray tank. However, there is no reliable information on the volume of spray to be used and on the need to use mineral oil when using atrazine in a mixture with glyphosate, given that glyphosate already has adjuvants in its formulation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding mineral oil to the spray containing glyphosate and atrazine, applied alone and in mixture, in the spray volumes of 50 and 200 L ha-1, on the intoxication in the corn crop and on the control of morning glory (Ipomoea triloba). The work consisted of two experiments, one to evaluate the intoxication in corn plants and the other, the control of morning glory. The experiments were conducted in a 4x2x2 factorial scheme, with four levels of herbicides [control (water) without herbicide, glyphosate (1,080 g ha-1 a.e.), atrazine (2,000 g ha-1 a.i.) and glyphosate (1,080 g ha-1 of the a.e.) + atrazine (2,000 g ha-1 of the a.i.)], two volumes of spray (50 L ha-1 and 200 L ha-1) and two levels corresponding to the addition or not of mineral oil (0.5% v/v) to the spray. During the application, the percentage of coverage and the droplet density per cm2 were determined using the water-sensitive paper technique. At 7, 14 and 21 days after application (DAA) the levels of injuries in corn and the control of morning glory were evaluated. At 21 DAA, the height was measured and the aerial part of the corn plants was collected to determine the dry matter mass. The morning glory plants were also collected at 21 DAA to measure the leaf area and determine the dry matter mass. The spray volume of 200 L ha-1 provided the highest coverage percentage and droplet density for all herbicides, regardless of the addition of mineral oil. The addition of mineral oil to the spray did not cause damage to corn and resulted in efficient control of morning glory for atrazine, glyphosate and their mixture, in both volumes of spray. The application of atrazine without mineral oil did not promote efficient control of morning glory in any of the spray volumes. There was no difference between the spray volumes of 50 and 200 L ha-1 on the morning glory control. Keywords: herbicide mixture; spray volume; mineral oil; morning glory (ipomoea triloba).
Atrazine is one of the main herbicides used in the corn crop, requiring the addition of mineral oil to the spray when the application is carried out in the post-emergence of weeds. With the increase in areas cultivated with transgenic corn resistant to glyphosate, it has become common to mix the two herbicides in the spray tank. However, there is no reliable information on the volume of spray to be used and on the need to use mineral oil when using atrazine in a mixture with glyphosate, given that glyphosate already has adjuvants in its formulation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding mineral oil to the spray containing glyphosate and atrazine, applied alone and in mixture, in the spray volumes of 50 and 200 L ha-1, on the intoxication in the corn crop and on the control of morning glory (Ipomoea triloba). The work consisted of two experiments, one to evaluate the intoxication in corn plants and the other, the control of morning glory. The experiments were conducted in a 4x2x2 factorial scheme, with four levels of herbicides [control (water) without herbicide, glyphosate (1,080 g ha-1 a.e.), atrazine (2,000 g ha-1 a.i.) and glyphosate (1,080 g ha-1 of the a.e.) + atrazine (2,000 g ha-1 of the a.i.)], two volumes of spray (50 L ha-1 and 200 L ha-1) and two levels corresponding to the addition or not of mineral oil (0.5% v/v) to the spray. During the application, the percentage of coverage and the droplet density per cm2 were determined using the water-sensitive paper technique. At 7, 14 and 21 days after application (DAA) the levels of injuries in corn and the control of morning glory were evaluated. At 21 DAA, the height was measured and the aerial part of the corn plants was collected to determine the dry matter mass. The morning glory plants were also collected at 21 DAA to measure the leaf area and determine the dry matter mass. The spray volume of 200 L ha-1 provided the highest coverage percentage and droplet density for all herbicides, regardless of the addition of mineral oil. The addition of mineral oil to the spray did not cause damage to corn and resulted in efficient control of morning glory for atrazine, glyphosate and their mixture, in both volumes of spray. The application of atrazine without mineral oil did not promote efficient control of morning glory in any of the spray volumes. There was no difference between the spray volumes of 50 and 200 L ha-1 on the morning glory control. Keywords: herbicide mixture; spray volume; mineral oil; morning glory (ipomoea triloba).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Herbicidas, Glifosato (Herbicida), Atrazina (Herbicida), Óleos minerais, Ipomoea triloba - Controle
Citação
DAMO, Leticia. Volume de calda e adição de óleo mineral para aplicação de glyphosate e atrazine sobre o controle de Ipomoea triloba. 2023. 58 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2023.