Fitorremediação de dois solos de texturas contrastantes modificados com remineralizador e contaminados por hexazinone, sulfentrazone e diuron isoladamente
Arquivos
Data
2023-07-26
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O uso de herbicidas residuais é uma técnica eficiente para controlar plantas daninhas por longo período, por outro lado, a mobilidade de resíduos para sítios não alvo ou persistência na área após o período de controle não são desejados. As moléculas do herbicida que persistem por longo período causam prejuízo no meio ambiente e na cultura sensível em sucessão. Assim, técnica de fitorremediação se tornou uma opção para minimizar esses impactos negativos, pelo cultivo de adubos verdes como feijão de porco (Canavalia ensiformis). Essa espécie é caracterizada pelo acúmulo de biomassa e relatada com potencial de fitorremediar vários herbicidas. Ao mesmo tempo, foi constatada que a utilização de fertilizantes auxilia no processo de descontaminação. O potencial de fitorremediação da C. ensiformis em Latossolo Vermelho e Cambissolo modificados por remineralizador e contaminados por hexazinone, sulfentrazone e diuron foi avaliado nesta pesquisa. Este estudo teve como objetivo confirmar a hipótese da C. ensiformis na descontaminação de herbicidas nos solos e a importância dos estudos analíticos para predição da quantidade de herbicida degradado. Para isso, foram realizados os estudos de fitorremediação, efeito residual do hexazinone, sulfentrazone e diuron por método analíticos e biológicos. C. ensiformis foi utilizada para os estudos de fitorremediação de solos incorporados com o remineralizador KP Fértil. Para confirmar o potencial da técnica foram coletados os dados biométricos da planta. Para a detecção de resíduos dos herbicidas pelo método biológico, foi utilizada a espécie pepino (Cucumis sativus) para hexazinone e diuron e sorgo, (Sorghum bicolor) para o sulfentrazone. Por meio da Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (HPLC) o método de extração foi validado, logo, foi possível verificar a presença de resíduos dos herbicidas nos solos. O remineralizador influenciou positivamente nas propriedades dos solos, mas no geral, não contribuiu na eficiência da fitorremediação. A C. ensiformis foi tolerante aos herbicidas avaliados, e capaz de remediar quantidades baixas dos herbicidas dos solos. Hexazinone não foi detectado independemente do método utilizado (biológico e analíticos). Bioindicadora em solo arenoso com resídos de diuron apresentou injúrias, sendo confirmada presença do herbicida, mesmo na menor concentração inicialmente aplicada.No solo arenoso, as concentração de diuron foram maiores que 0,073 mg kg-1, mas com redução de superior a 97% em relação à maior dose inicialmente aplicada (3,30 mg kg-1). Constatou-se que a C. ensiformis é um adubo verde eficiente na descontaminação de solos com resíduos de herbicidas. Palavras-chave: Canavalia ensiformis. Descontaminação. Herbicidas.
The use of residual herbicides is an efficient technique for controlling weeds over a long period of time. On the other hand, the mobility of residues to non-target sites or persistence in the area after the control period is not desired. Herbicide molecules that persist for a long period cause damage to the environment and to the sensitive crop in succession. Therefore, phytoremediation techniques have become an option for minimizing these negative impacts by growing green manures such as pig beans Canavalia ensiformis (jack bean). This species is characterized by the accumulation of biomass and has been reported to have the potential to phytoremediate various herbicides. At the same time, it has been found that the use of fertilizers aids in the decontamination process. The phytoremediation potential of C. ensiformis in Oxisol and Inceptisol modified by rock powder and contaminated by hexazinone, sulfentrazone and diuron was evaluated in this research. The aim of this study was to confirm the hypothesis of C. ensiformis in the decontamination of herbicides in soils and the importance of analytical studies to predict the amount of herbicide degraded. To this end, studies were carried out on phytoremediation, the residual effect of hexazinone, sulfentrazone and diuron using analytical and biological methods. C. ensiformis was used for the phytoremediation studies of soils incorporated with the rock powder KP Fértil. To confirm the potential of the technique, the plant's biometric data was collected. To detect herbicide residues using the biological method, the Cucumis sativus species (pepino) was used for hexazinone and diuron and Sorghum bicolor (sorgo) for sulfentrazone. The extraction method was validated using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), so it was possible to verify the presence of herbicide residues in the soils. The remineralizer had a positive influence on the properties of the soils, but overall it did not contribute to the efficiency of phytoremediation. C. ensiformis was tolerant to the herbicides evaluated and was able to remediate low quantities of the herbicides in the soils. Hexazinone was not detected regardless of the method used (biological and analytical). The bioindicator in sandy soil with diuron residues showed damage, and the presence of the herbicide was confirmed, even at the lowest concentration initially applied. In sandy soil, diuron concentrations were higher than 0.073 mg kg-1, but with a reduction of more than 97% in relation to the highest dose initially applied (3.30 mg kg -1). It was found that C. ensiformis is an efficient green manure for decontaminating soils with herbicide residues. Keywords: Contrasting soils. Phytoremediation. Decontamination. Bioassay. Analytical technique.
The use of residual herbicides is an efficient technique for controlling weeds over a long period of time. On the other hand, the mobility of residues to non-target sites or persistence in the area after the control period is not desired. Herbicide molecules that persist for a long period cause damage to the environment and to the sensitive crop in succession. Therefore, phytoremediation techniques have become an option for minimizing these negative impacts by growing green manures such as pig beans Canavalia ensiformis (jack bean). This species is characterized by the accumulation of biomass and has been reported to have the potential to phytoremediate various herbicides. At the same time, it has been found that the use of fertilizers aids in the decontamination process. The phytoremediation potential of C. ensiformis in Oxisol and Inceptisol modified by rock powder and contaminated by hexazinone, sulfentrazone and diuron was evaluated in this research. The aim of this study was to confirm the hypothesis of C. ensiformis in the decontamination of herbicides in soils and the importance of analytical studies to predict the amount of herbicide degraded. To this end, studies were carried out on phytoremediation, the residual effect of hexazinone, sulfentrazone and diuron using analytical and biological methods. C. ensiformis was used for the phytoremediation studies of soils incorporated with the rock powder KP Fértil. To confirm the potential of the technique, the plant's biometric data was collected. To detect herbicide residues using the biological method, the Cucumis sativus species (pepino) was used for hexazinone and diuron and Sorghum bicolor (sorgo) for sulfentrazone. The extraction method was validated using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), so it was possible to verify the presence of herbicide residues in the soils. The remineralizer had a positive influence on the properties of the soils, but overall it did not contribute to the efficiency of phytoremediation. C. ensiformis was tolerant to the herbicides evaluated and was able to remediate low quantities of the herbicides in the soils. Hexazinone was not detected regardless of the method used (biological and analytical). The bioindicator in sandy soil with diuron residues showed damage, and the presence of the herbicide was confirmed, even at the lowest concentration initially applied. In sandy soil, diuron concentrations were higher than 0.073 mg kg-1, but with a reduction of more than 97% in relation to the highest dose initially applied (3.30 mg kg -1). It was found that C. ensiformis is an efficient green manure for decontaminating soils with herbicide residues. Keywords: Contrasting soils. Phytoremediation. Decontamination. Bioassay. Analytical technique.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fitorremediação, Canavalia ensiformis, Solos - Descontaminação, Herbicidas - Detecção
Citação
ARAÚJO, Grazielle Rodrigues. Fitorremediação de dois solos de texturas contrastantes modificados com remineralizador e contaminados por hexazinone, sulfentrazone e diuron isoladamente. 2023. 127 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2023.