Programa Uma Terra, Duas Águas (P1+2): a autonomia das mulheres assentadas no Semiárido cearense
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O peso da lata na cabeça e o longo trajeto em busca da coleta de água afeta muitas mulheres no Semiárido Brasileiro. No Ceará, cujas características se acirram em determinadas épocas do ano (baixos índices pluviométricos, distinto índice de aridez e secas constantes), essas adversidades interferem na atividade agrícola da região e requer medidas específicas, demandando dos governos, políticas públicas de acesso à água de qualidade para o consumo humano e para produção. Algumas dessas ações – o “Programa Um Milhão de Cisternas (P1MC)” e o “Programa Uma Terra e Duas Águas (P1+2)”, desenvolvidas pela Articulação do Semiárido Brasileiro (ASA) em parceria com Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social (MDS), têm como finalidade a implantação de tecnologias sociais diversas visando promover o acesso aos recursos hídricos de forma socialmente sustentável, por meio da captação e armazenamento autônomo de água em locais específicos, além da obtenção de renda, através da melhoria na quantidade e qualidade da produção. Neste sentido, este estudo tem como objetivo de refletir, no contexto do semiárido cearense, como os programas governamentais de acesso hídrico, a exemplo do P1+2, auxiliam na autonomia socioeconômica das mulheres assentadas, a partir das suas experiências produtivas, no “Assentamento Vida Nova – Aragão”, localizado em Miraíma/CE. Para isso, realizou-se um uma breve apresentação do perfil e das histórias de vida das mulheres assentadas atendidas por ambos os programas governamentais, descrevendo como as tecnologias sociais de captação e armazenamento de água se alinham e/ou alteram as perspectivas femininas destas em seus espaços produtivos. Além disso, buscou-se observar se as políticas públicas de implantação dessas TSs, aliadas às demais políticas no campo, atuam como um agente transformador do desenvolvimento sociopolítico dessas mulheres assentadas, efetivando, assim, um avanço em suas qualidades de vida e na sua manutenção no campo. Palavras-chave: recursos hídricos; política pública; gênero; seca; cisterna.
The weight of the can on the head and the long journey in search of water collection affect many women in the Brazilian Semiarid region. In Ceará, whose characteristics worsen at certain times of the year (low rainfall, different levels of aridity and constant droughts), these adversities interfere with the region's agricultural activity and require specific measures, demanding from governments public policies on access to water. quality for human consumption and production. Some of these actions – the “One Million Cisterns Program (P1MC)” and the “One Land and Two Waters Program (P1+2)”, developed by the Brazilian Semiarid Articulation (ASA) in partnership with the Ministry of Social Development (MDS ), have the purpose of implementing various social technologies, promoting access to water resources in a socially sustainable way, through the exclusive capture and storage of water in specific locations, in addition to obtaining income, through improving the quantity and production quality. In this sense, this study aims to reflect, in the context of the semi- arid region of Ceará, how government water access programs, such as P1+2, help in the socioeconomic autonomy of women settled, based on their productive experiences, in the “Settlement Vida Nova – Aragão”, located in Miraíma/CE. To this end, a brief presentation was made of the profile and life stories of the women served by both government programs, describing how social technologies for water capture and storage align and/or change female perspectives within productive spaces. Furthermore, we sought to observe whether the public policies for implementing these STs, combined with other policies in the field, act as a transformative agent in the socio-political development of these settled women, thus effecting an advance in their quality of life and maintenance. while living in the countryside. Keywords: water resources; public policy; gender; drought; cistern.
The weight of the can on the head and the long journey in search of water collection affect many women in the Brazilian Semiarid region. In Ceará, whose characteristics worsen at certain times of the year (low rainfall, different levels of aridity and constant droughts), these adversities interfere with the region's agricultural activity and require specific measures, demanding from governments public policies on access to water. quality for human consumption and production. Some of these actions – the “One Million Cisterns Program (P1MC)” and the “One Land and Two Waters Program (P1+2)”, developed by the Brazilian Semiarid Articulation (ASA) in partnership with the Ministry of Social Development (MDS ), have the purpose of implementing various social technologies, promoting access to water resources in a socially sustainable way, through the exclusive capture and storage of water in specific locations, in addition to obtaining income, through improving the quantity and production quality. In this sense, this study aims to reflect, in the context of the semi- arid region of Ceará, how government water access programs, such as P1+2, help in the socioeconomic autonomy of women settled, based on their productive experiences, in the “Settlement Vida Nova – Aragão”, located in Miraíma/CE. To this end, a brief presentation was made of the profile and life stories of the women served by both government programs, describing how social technologies for water capture and storage align and/or change female perspectives within productive spaces. Furthermore, we sought to observe whether the public policies for implementing these STs, combined with other policies in the field, act as a transformative agent in the socio-political development of these settled women, thus effecting an advance in their quality of life and maintenance. while living in the countryside. Keywords: water resources; public policy; gender; drought; cistern.
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KROEFF, Mara Cibely de Oliveira Silva. Programa Uma Terra, Duas Águas (P1+2): a autonomia das mulheres assentadas no Semiárido cearense. 2024. 109 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Extensão Rural) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
