Avaliação nutricional e metabólica em vacas de corte suplementadas no pré e/ou pós-parto
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação estratégica durante o pré-parto e/ou pós-parto sobre o status nutricional e metabólico de vacas de corte mantidas em pastagens de Brachiaria decumbens. Foram utilizadas 45 vacas Nelore pluríparas gestantes (200 + 30 dias), com peso médio inicial de 543 + 130 kg e escore de condição corporal (ECC) de 5,7 + 1,6 distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dupla estrutura de erro. Durante o período pré-parto foram utilizados dois tratamentos; controle (CON) e suplementado (S). O período de avaliação pós-parto iniciou quando 50% das vacas haviam parido e foram utilizados 4 tratamentos em esquema fatorial 2x2 (CON: controle, sem suplementação pré e pós-parto; SN: com suplementação no pré-parto e sem suplementação no pós-parto, NS: sem suplementação no pré-parto e suplementadas no pós-parto e SS: suplementação no pré e pós-parto). O suplemento foi fornecido na proporção de 2 g/kg PC, apresentando 43,5% de proteína bruta (PB). As avaliações estatísticas foram conduzidas por intermédio do procedimento MIXED do SAS (versão 9.4) adotando-se q = 0,10. Não houve efeito (P > 0,10) da suplementação pré-parto sobre os valores de PCP, GMD, ECC, AOL, E6GSG e EGSL e sobre o GMDconc e PCnasc. Não houve diferenças significativas (P > 0,10) da suplementação pré-parto sobre o consumo de MSP, MST, MOP, MOT, FDNcp, FDNi, MSdig, FDNcpdig e MOdig, assim como os respectivos consumos em g/kg de peso corporal. Não foi observada diferença (P > 0,10) na digestibilidade de MO e FDNcp. Foi observada diferença significativa (P < 0,10) para consumo de PB, PB/MOdig e digestibilidade da PB durante o período pré-parto. Houve diferença significativa (P < 0,10) no consumo de MS em g/kg PC entre os tratamentos pré-parto. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas (P > 0,10) para as concentrações plasmáticas de BHB, NEFA, glicose, albumina, proteínas totais, IGF-1, leptina e insulina no pré-parto. Apenas o NUS apesentou diferença significativa (P < 0,10) entre os tratamentos. Assim como no pré-parto, nenhum efeito foi observado (P > 0,10) para os parâmetros de desempenho das vacas (GMD, ECC, AOL, EGSG e EGSL) no período pós-parto, apenas para o GMD do bezerro houve efeito significativo (P < 0,10) da suplementação materna pós-parto. Não houve diferença significativa (P > 0,10) entre os tratamentos para todas as variáveis relacionadas a consumo e digestibilidade no período pós-parto. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas (P > 0,10) do tratamento e do tempo de coleta sobre os níveis plasmáticos de BHB, proteínas totais e albumina. Foi verificado efeito do tempo de coleta (P < 0,10) para as medidas de glicose, leptina, colesterol e progesterona. Efeitos significativos (P < 0,10) da suplementação pós- parto foram observados para NEFA, NUS e colesterol. Houve efeito de interação entre o tratamento pré e pós-parto (P < 0,10) para os níveis plasmáticos de NEFA, IGF-1, insulina e NUS. A suplementação durante o pré-parto associada ou não à suplementação pós-parto não influenciou o desempenho e o status metabólico de vacas de corte com escore de condição corporal acima de 5,0 durante a gestação e após o parto. Porém a suplementação apenas no período pós-parto para alguns parâmetros metabólicos de importância, como o IGF-1 e insulina, se mostrou mais efetiva. Os grupos suplementados apenas no pré e/ou no pós-parto apresentaram maiores níveis de progesterona aos 40 dias pós-parto quando comparado ao grupo controle, indicando o retorno à atividade ovariana.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of strategic supplementation during prepartum and / or postpartum on the nutritional and metabolic status of beef cows kept on Brachiaria decumbens pastures. Thirty - five pregnant Nelore cows (200 days ± 30 days) were used, mean initial weight of 543 ± 130 kg and body condition score (BCS) of 5.7 ± 1.6 distributed in a completely randomized design with double error structure. During the prepartum period two treatments were used; control (CON) and supplemented (S) treatments. The postpartum evaluation period began when 50% of the cows had calved and 4 treatments were used in a 2x2 factorial scheme (CON: control, without pre and postpartum supplementation, SN: with prepartum supplementation and without postpartum supplementation, NS: no prepartum supplementation and supplementation postpartum and SS: pre and postpartum supplementation). The supplement was supplied in the proportion of 2 g / kg BW, presenting 43.5% crude protein (CP). Statistical evaluations were conducted using the SAS MIXED procedure (version 9.4), using α = 0.10. There was no effect (P > 0.10) of prepartum supplementation on the values of BWP, ADG, BCS, LEA, TSFC and TSFL and on ADGconc and BWbirth. There were no significant differences (P > 0.10) in prepartum supplementation on the intakes of DMP, DMT, OMP, OMT, NDFap, NDFi, DMdig, NDFapdig and OMdig, as well as the respective intakes in g / kg body weight. No difference (P > 0.10) was observed in the digestibility of OM and NDFap. A significant difference (P < 0.10) was observed in CP, CP / OM digestibility and CP digestibility during the prepartum period. There was a significant difference (P < 0.10) in DM intake in g / kg CP among prepartum treatments. There were no significant differences (P > 0.10) for the plasma concentrations of BHB, NEFA, glucose, albumin, total proteins, IGF-1, leptin and insulin in the prepartum, just for PUN were significant (P < 0.10) difference between the treatments. As in prepartum, no effect was observed (P > 0.10) for the performance parameters (ADG, BCS, LEA, TSFC and TSFL) in the postpartum period, just for ADG of the calf were significant effect (P < 0.10) of maternal postpartum supplementation. There was no significant difference (P > 0.10) between treatments for all variables related to intake and digestibility in the postpartum period. No significant differences (P > 0.10) in treatment and collection time were observed on plasma levels of BHB, total proteins and albumin. The effect of collection time (P < 0.10) for glucose, leptin, cholesterol and progesterone measurements was verified. Significant effects (P < 0.10) of postpartum supplementation were observed for NEFA, PUN, and cholesterol. There was an interaction effect between pre and postpartum treatment (P < 0.10) for plasma levels of NEFA, IGF-1, insulin and PUN. Prepartum supplementation associated or not with postpartum supplementation did not influence the performance and metabolic status of beef cows with body condition score above 5.0 during gestation and postpartum. However, supplementation only in the postpartum period for some important metabolic parameters, such as IGF-1 and insulin, was shown to be more effective. The groups pre and / or postpartum supplemented had higher progesterone levels at 40 days postpartum compared to the control group, and could anticipate a return to ovarian activity.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of strategic supplementation during prepartum and / or postpartum on the nutritional and metabolic status of beef cows kept on Brachiaria decumbens pastures. Thirty - five pregnant Nelore cows (200 days ± 30 days) were used, mean initial weight of 543 ± 130 kg and body condition score (BCS) of 5.7 ± 1.6 distributed in a completely randomized design with double error structure. During the prepartum period two treatments were used; control (CON) and supplemented (S) treatments. The postpartum evaluation period began when 50% of the cows had calved and 4 treatments were used in a 2x2 factorial scheme (CON: control, without pre and postpartum supplementation, SN: with prepartum supplementation and without postpartum supplementation, NS: no prepartum supplementation and supplementation postpartum and SS: pre and postpartum supplementation). The supplement was supplied in the proportion of 2 g / kg BW, presenting 43.5% crude protein (CP). Statistical evaluations were conducted using the SAS MIXED procedure (version 9.4), using α = 0.10. There was no effect (P > 0.10) of prepartum supplementation on the values of BWP, ADG, BCS, LEA, TSFC and TSFL and on ADGconc and BWbirth. There were no significant differences (P > 0.10) in prepartum supplementation on the intakes of DMP, DMT, OMP, OMT, NDFap, NDFi, DMdig, NDFapdig and OMdig, as well as the respective intakes in g / kg body weight. No difference (P > 0.10) was observed in the digestibility of OM and NDFap. A significant difference (P < 0.10) was observed in CP, CP / OM digestibility and CP digestibility during the prepartum period. There was a significant difference (P < 0.10) in DM intake in g / kg CP among prepartum treatments. There were no significant differences (P > 0.10) for the plasma concentrations of BHB, NEFA, glucose, albumin, total proteins, IGF-1, leptin and insulin in the prepartum, just for PUN were significant (P < 0.10) difference between the treatments. As in prepartum, no effect was observed (P > 0.10) for the performance parameters (ADG, BCS, LEA, TSFC and TSFL) in the postpartum period, just for ADG of the calf were significant effect (P < 0.10) of maternal postpartum supplementation. There was no significant difference (P > 0.10) between treatments for all variables related to intake and digestibility in the postpartum period. No significant differences (P > 0.10) in treatment and collection time were observed on plasma levels of BHB, total proteins and albumin. The effect of collection time (P < 0.10) for glucose, leptin, cholesterol and progesterone measurements was verified. Significant effects (P < 0.10) of postpartum supplementation were observed for NEFA, PUN, and cholesterol. There was an interaction effect between pre and postpartum treatment (P < 0.10) for plasma levels of NEFA, IGF-1, insulin and PUN. Prepartum supplementation associated or not with postpartum supplementation did not influence the performance and metabolic status of beef cows with body condition score above 5.0 during gestation and postpartum. However, supplementation only in the postpartum period for some important metabolic parameters, such as IGF-1 and insulin, was shown to be more effective. The groups pre and / or postpartum supplemented had higher progesterone levels at 40 days postpartum compared to the control group, and could anticipate a return to ovarian activity.
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TRECE, Aline Souza. Avaliação nutricional e metabólica em vacas de corte suplementadas no pré e/ou pós-parto. 2017. 36 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2017.
