Fachadas duplas em clima tropical de altitude: análise do potencial de ventilação para ambientes por meio de simulação computacional
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Este trabalho buscou investigar o potencial da fachada dupla na ventilação de ambientes no clima tropical de altitude. Foram estudadas as classificações e os principais componentes das fachadas duplas, além de pesquisados os
parâmetros para análise do desempenho de ventilação nos ambientes construídos. Foi escolhido um modelo de ambiente com fachada dupla para a realização das simulações computacionais, em que foram usados os programas
EnergyPlus e Ansys CFX (CFD Computer Fluid Dynamics). As condições climáticas utilizadas foram da cidade de Viçosa MG, cujo clima é o tropical de altitude. O potencial da ventilação no ambiente foi analisado a partir da relação entre a temperatura do ar da atmosfera e a temperatura superficial da camada externa da fachada. Com os resultados de vazão obtidos na simulação de nove situações, foi possível obter uma correlação entre diferenças de temperaturas e a vazão nas aberturas para um ano típico. Além disso, foram simulados quatro casos que representam os instantes em que a camada externa da fachada possui temperaturas extremas nos períodos de inverno e verão. Verificou-se que o uso da fachada dupla pode ser benéfico para o aumento da taxa de ventilação natural no ambiente construído, confirmando seu potencial para uso em climas tropicais de altitude. O modelo estudado possui maior potencial de ventilação nos períodos mais frios do ano. A nebulosidade presente nos dias de verão e de primavera pode ser responsável pela redução da incidência de radiação na fachada, mantendo a temperatura do ar da cavidade próxima a do ar externo e, consequentemente, gerando menos ventilação no ambiente.
This work investigates the potential of the double skin facade on ventilation in an environment in a highland tropical climate. The classifications and components of double skin facades were studied and the parameters for ventilation performance analysis of built environments were investigated. A double skin facade environment model was defined for computational simulations, which used the software EnergyPlus and Ansys CFX (CFD). The weather file used was the one from the city of Viçosa MG, which is a highland tropical climate. The ventilation potential in the environment was evaluated from the relationship between the air temperature of the atmosphere and the outer surface temperature of the facade. The results obtained in the flow simulation of nine models, allowed to obtain a correlation between these temperatures and the flow into the openings for the full year. In addition, four cases were simulated representing the times that the outer facade has higher and lower temperatures during winter and summer. It was found that the double skin facade can be beneficial for the built environment, confirming its potential to create natural ventilation in buildings in highland tropical climate. The model tested has higher potential for ventilation during the colder periods of the year. The present haziness in spring and summer days may be responsible for reducing the incidence of solar radiation on the facade, maintaining the air cavity temperature close to the external air temperature and therefore generate less ventilation in the environment.
This work investigates the potential of the double skin facade on ventilation in an environment in a highland tropical climate. The classifications and components of double skin facades were studied and the parameters for ventilation performance analysis of built environments were investigated. A double skin facade environment model was defined for computational simulations, which used the software EnergyPlus and Ansys CFX (CFD). The weather file used was the one from the city of Viçosa MG, which is a highland tropical climate. The ventilation potential in the environment was evaluated from the relationship between the air temperature of the atmosphere and the outer surface temperature of the facade. The results obtained in the flow simulation of nine models, allowed to obtain a correlation between these temperatures and the flow into the openings for the full year. In addition, four cases were simulated representing the times that the outer facade has higher and lower temperatures during winter and summer. It was found that the double skin facade can be beneficial for the built environment, confirming its potential to create natural ventilation in buildings in highland tropical climate. The model tested has higher potential for ventilation during the colder periods of the year. The present haziness in spring and summer days may be responsible for reducing the incidence of solar radiation on the facade, maintaining the air cavity temperature close to the external air temperature and therefore generate less ventilation in the environment.
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BARBOSA, Sabrina Andrade. Double skin facades in highland tropical climate: analysis of the potential of ventilation to environments by computer simulation. 2012. 117 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Planejamento e Avaliação do Espaço Construído) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2012.
