Intensificação da coloração em peixes ornamentais com uso de rações enriquecidas com pigmentos naturais
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Data
2010-02-26
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
A recente expressividade da piscicultura ornamental como atividade agropecuária demanda aos piscicultores lançar mão de boas práticas de manejo na criação, com intuito de produzir peixes ornamentais com maiores vigor, pigmentação da pele e sanidade, a atender às demandas de um mercado cada vez mais exigente. A ampla variedade e intensidade de cores nos tegumentos em peixes dependem da presença de cromatóforos contendo pigmentos como melanina, carotenóides, pteridinas e purinas. Na alimentação de peixes ornamentais, cultivados no Brasil, utiliza-se rações para peixes de corte, pobres em pigmentos naturais, fato que, somado à baixa produção de organismos planctônicos em sistemas de criação intensivos e superintensivos, impossibilita a acumulação de pigmentos em níveis suficientes para intensificação da coloração da pele nos peixes destinados à
comercialização. Na intenção de melhorar a qualidade dos peixes destinados ao mercado consumidor, pesquisadores e piscicultores adicionam pigmentos naturais nas dietas para intensificar a coloração dos peixes cultivados sob altas densidades. A utilização de pigmentos naturais na alimentação de peixes apresenta amplas funções, incluindo ação antioxidante, aumento na resposta do sistema imunológico, melhorando aspectos de crescimento e reprodutivos, além da intensificação da coloração da pele. Com objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes ingredientes fontes de pigmentos naturais na pigmentação da pele de peixes e seus possíveis efeitos nas características de desempenho, conduziu-se seis
experimentos sob delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Avaliou-se os ingredientes extrato liofilizado de açaí, extrato oleoso de urucum, extrato liofilizado de tomate e cantaxantina como aditivos em rações para os peixes ornamentais acará-disco e colisa sangue, possibilitando observar que todos os ingredientes testados alteram a expressão de coloração na pele dos peixes, sem interferir nas características de desempenho para os peixes mantidos em ambiente controlado.
The recent expression of ornamental fish farming production as an agriculture activity demands for fish farmers to make use of best management practices in the production, in order to produce ornamental fish with greater vigor, pigmentation of skin and sanity, to meet the demands of an increasingly demanding market. The wide variety and intensity of colors in fish integuments depends on the presence of chromatophores containing pigments such as melanin, carotenoids, pteridines and purines. In Brazil, ornamental fish are feed with rations for species bounded for consume, poor in natural pigments, that fact, combined with low production of planktonic organisms in intensive and superintensive farming systems, prevents the accumulation of pigments in sufficient levels for intensification of skin coloration in fish intended for marketing. Intenting to improve the quality of fish intended to consumers, researchers and fish farmers add natural pigments in the diet to enhance the coloration of fish reared at high densities. The use of natural pigments in fish feeding features many functions, including antioxidant activity, increasing the immune system response, improving aspects of growth and reproduction, as well as the intensification of skin coloration. Aiming to evaluate the effect of different ingredients sources of natural pigments in the skin pigmentation of fish and their possible effects on the performance characteristics, it was conducted six experiments in completely randomized design. It was evaluated the ingredients - açai freeze-dried extract, annatto oily extract, tomato dried extract and canthaxanthin - as additives in feed for ornamental fish, discus and dwarf-red gouramy, making it possible to observe that all the ingredients tested alter the color expression of the fish skin, without interfering with the performance characteristics for fish kept in a controlled environment.
The recent expression of ornamental fish farming production as an agriculture activity demands for fish farmers to make use of best management practices in the production, in order to produce ornamental fish with greater vigor, pigmentation of skin and sanity, to meet the demands of an increasingly demanding market. The wide variety and intensity of colors in fish integuments depends on the presence of chromatophores containing pigments such as melanin, carotenoids, pteridines and purines. In Brazil, ornamental fish are feed with rations for species bounded for consume, poor in natural pigments, that fact, combined with low production of planktonic organisms in intensive and superintensive farming systems, prevents the accumulation of pigments in sufficient levels for intensification of skin coloration in fish intended for marketing. Intenting to improve the quality of fish intended to consumers, researchers and fish farmers add natural pigments in the diet to enhance the coloration of fish reared at high densities. The use of natural pigments in fish feeding features many functions, including antioxidant activity, increasing the immune system response, improving aspects of growth and reproduction, as well as the intensification of skin coloration. Aiming to evaluate the effect of different ingredients sources of natural pigments in the skin pigmentation of fish and their possible effects on the performance characteristics, it was conducted six experiments in completely randomized design. It was evaluated the ingredients - açai freeze-dried extract, annatto oily extract, tomato dried extract and canthaxanthin - as additives in feed for ornamental fish, discus and dwarf-red gouramy, making it possible to observe that all the ingredients tested alter the color expression of the fish skin, without interfering with the performance characteristics for fish kept in a controlled environment.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pigmentos naturais, Peixe ornamental, Colisa lalia, Natural pigments, Ornamental fish, Colisa lalia
Citação
REZENDE, Fabrício Pereira. Color intensification of ornamental fish by the use of diets enriched with natural pigments. 2010. 145 f. Tese (Doutorado em Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2010.