Efeito do Roacutan® (isotretinoína) sobre o aparelho reprodutor de ratos Wistar adultos
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Data
2013-02-28
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O uso de drogas para tratamento da acne é cada vez mais frequente, destacando-se a eficácia do fármaco Roacutan® 10 e 20mg, um retinoide que contém em sua fórmula uma substância derivada da vitamina A, a isotretinoína (ácido 13-cis-retinóico), que melhora os aspectos clínicos da acne grave e está associada à supressão da atividade e diminuição do tamanho das glândulas sebáceas. Diversos estudos demonstram que o Roacutan® é teratogênico durante seu uso ou mesmo até um mês após sua interrupção, porém são escassos e inconclusivos os relatos em literatura que comprovem sua toxicidade ao aparelho reprodutor masculino. Este estudo investigou a ação tóxica do fármaco sobre a morfofisiologia do aparelho reprodutor de ratos Wistar adultos. Vinte e quatro ratos adultos foram distribuídos em três grupos: dois grupos tratados e um grupo controle. Os animais dos grupos tratados foram submetidos ao tratamento com a administração por gavagem de 0,2mg e 0,4mg de Roacutan® em 1,0mL de óleo de soja/animal respectivamente, uma vez por dia, durante 60 dias. Os animais do grupo controle receberam também por gavagem 1,0mL de água/animal/dia. Os animais foram eutanasiados 60 dias após a primeira exposição, sendo feitas análises de biometria corporal, órgãos reprodutores, além de estereologia testicular, avaliação espermática e dosagem de testosterona sérica. As doses terapêuticas de Roacutan® mostraram pouca interferência sobre os túbulos seminíferos, sendo necessárias análises da população celular para se obter detalhes da ação deste fármaco neste compartimento. Entretanto, o tratamento com Roacutan® em ambas as doses causou aumento do compartimento tubular, redução do compartimento intertubular, do percentual de macrófagos, do número de células de Leydig e, consequentemente, reduziu os níveis de testosterona plasmática e o peso da próstata. Conforme avaliação do medicamento sobre a viabilidade espermática houve prejuízo na integridade das membranas espermáticas acompanhado da baixa motilidade total dos espermatozoides. A administração deste fármaco deve ser criteriosa uma vez que pareceu exercer efeito tóxico afetando a porção endócrina testicular.
The use of drugs for acne´s treatment is ever more common, emphasizing the efficacy of the drug Roaccutane®, a retinoid which contains a substance in its formula derivative of vitamin A, the isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid), which improves the clinical aspects of severe acne and it is associated with the activity suppression and decreasing of the sebaceous gland size. Several studies demonstrate that Roaccutane® is teratogenic during its use or even up to a month after its discontinuation, but reports in that literature which proving its toxicity to the male reproductive system are rare and inconclusive. This study investigated the toxic action of the drug on adult Wistar rat testicular morphophysiology. Twenty-four adult rats were divided into three groups: two treated groups and one control group. The animals of the treated group were submitted with gavage administration of 0,2mg and 0,4mg of Roaccutane® in 1,0 mL of soybean oil respectively, once a day, for 60 days. The animals in the control group also were treated with gavage administration of 1,0 mL of water/animal/day. The animals were euthanized 60 days after the first exposure, it was being made biometrics analyzes of the body and reproductive organs, and testicular stereology and morphometry, sperm evaluation and serum testosterone measurement. Therapeutic doses of Roaccutane® showed little interference on the seminiferous tubules, requiring analysis of the cell population to obtain details of the action of this drug in this compartment. However, treatment with Roaccutane® at both doses caused an increase in tubular compartment and reducing the intertubular compartment, the percentage of macrophages, the number of Leydig cells and hence reduced plasma testosterone levels and prostate weight. According to the evaluation of the drug on sperm viability there was damage in the integrity of the sperm membrane accompanied by low sperm motility total. The administration of this drug should be careful since it seemed to exert toxic effects affecting a testicular endocrine portion.
The use of drugs for acne´s treatment is ever more common, emphasizing the efficacy of the drug Roaccutane®, a retinoid which contains a substance in its formula derivative of vitamin A, the isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid), which improves the clinical aspects of severe acne and it is associated with the activity suppression and decreasing of the sebaceous gland size. Several studies demonstrate that Roaccutane® is teratogenic during its use or even up to a month after its discontinuation, but reports in that literature which proving its toxicity to the male reproductive system are rare and inconclusive. This study investigated the toxic action of the drug on adult Wistar rat testicular morphophysiology. Twenty-four adult rats were divided into three groups: two treated groups and one control group. The animals of the treated group were submitted with gavage administration of 0,2mg and 0,4mg of Roaccutane® in 1,0 mL of soybean oil respectively, once a day, for 60 days. The animals in the control group also were treated with gavage administration of 1,0 mL of water/animal/day. The animals were euthanized 60 days after the first exposure, it was being made biometrics analyzes of the body and reproductive organs, and testicular stereology and morphometry, sperm evaluation and serum testosterone measurement. Therapeutic doses of Roaccutane® showed little interference on the seminiferous tubules, requiring analysis of the cell population to obtain details of the action of this drug in this compartment. However, treatment with Roaccutane® at both doses caused an increase in tubular compartment and reducing the intertubular compartment, the percentage of macrophages, the number of Leydig cells and hence reduced plasma testosterone levels and prostate weight. According to the evaluation of the drug on sperm viability there was damage in the integrity of the sperm membrane accompanied by low sperm motility total. The administration of this drug should be careful since it seemed to exert toxic effects affecting a testicular endocrine portion.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Isotretinoína, Toxicologia, Espermatogênese, Lesão testicular, Isotretinoin, Toxicology, Spermatogenesis, Testicular damage
Citação
GOULART, Andréa Costa. Effect of Roaccutane® (isotretinoin) on the reproductive system of adult rats Wistar. 2013. 83 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biologia e Manejo animal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2013.