Bioestimulante à base de alga Ascophyllum nodosum como indutor de tolerância ao déficit hídrico em plantas de soja e seu efeito no potencial fisiológico das sementes
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O uso de bioestimulantes, especialmente aqueles à base de extratos de algas marinhas, tem se destacado como uma estratégia promissora para mitigar os efeitos de estresses abióticos, contribuindo para a manutenção do desempenho fisiológico das plantas sob condições adversas. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da aplicação foliar de um bioestimulante à base de Ascophyllum nodosum na indução da tolerância ao déficit hídrico em plantas de soja e seus reflexos sobre a qualidade fisiológica das sementes produzidas. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação do Departamento de Agronomia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, durante a safra 2024/2025. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 × 3, constituído por dois cultivares de soja (CV1: 55I57RSF IPRO e CV2: 56IX58RSF I2X) e três condições hídricas: capacidade de campo (CC), com irrigação para manutenção da umidade do solo próxima à capacidade de campo até o estádio R7; déficit hídrico (DH) - solo mantido a 40% da capacidade de campo (CV1) e 50% da capacidade de campo (CV2) partir do estádio R5 até R7; e déficit hídrico associado à aplicação foliar de bioestimulante à base de Ascophyllum nodosum (DH+BIO) nos estádios R2, R4 e R5.3. As sementes foram colhidas no estádio R8 e avaliadas quanto à qualidade fisiológica e características bioquímicas, sendo também determinados parâmetros fisiológicos e bioquímicos das plantas-mãe. O déficit hídrico reduziu o potencial hídrico foliar, alterou a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes, comprometeu o desempenho fisiológico das plantas e diminuiu a qualidade fisiológica das sementes, com redução do vigor e do crescimento de plântulas. A aplicação do bioestimulante atenuou parte dos efeitos do estresse hídrico, favorecendo a manutenção do estado hídrico das plantas, modulando a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes e preservando a qualidade fisiológica das sementes produzidas. Além disso, foram observadas diferenças entre os cultivares quanto à intensidade das respostas fisiológicas e bioquímicas ao déficit hídrico e ao bioestimulante, evidenciando a influência do genótipo na tolerância ao estresse. Conclui-se que a aplicação foliar de Ascophyllum nodosum constitui uma estratégia eficiente para reduzir os efeitos do déficit hídrico na cultura da soja, contribuindo para a manutenção do desempenho fisiológico das plantas e para a produção de sementes de maior qualidade fisiológica. Palavras-chave: Glycine max ; estresse hidrico; bioestimulante; vigor de sementes; sistema antioxidante.
The use of biostimulants, particularly those derived from seaweed extracts, has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses by maintaining plant physiological performance under unfavorable environmental conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of foliar application of an Ascophyllum nodosum-based biostimulant on the induction of drought tolerance in soybean plants and its subsequent effects on the physiological quality of the produced seeds. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Viçosa, during the 2024/2025 growing season. A completely randomized design was adopted in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, consisting of two soybean cultivars (CV1: 55I57RSF IPRO and CV2: 56IX58RSF I2X) and three water regimes: field capacity (FC), with irrigation maintained close to field capacity until the R7 growth stage; water deficit (WD) soil maintained at 40% of field capacity (CV1) and 50% of field capacity (CV2) from stage R5 to R7; and water deficit associated with foliar application of Ascophyllum nodosum-based biostimulant (WD+BIO) at the R2, R4 and R5.3 stages. . Seeds were harvested at the R8 stage and evaluated for physiological quality and biochemical characteristics. In addition, physiological and biochemicalwere also assessed in the mother plants. Drought stress reduced leaf water potential, altered the activity of antioxidant enzymes, impaired plant physiological performance, and decreased seed physiological quality by reducing seed vigor and seedling growth. The application of the seaweed-based biostimulant partially alleviated the adverse effects of drought stress by improving plant water status, modulating antioxidant enzyme activity, and preserving the physiological quality of the produced seeds. Furthermore, the cultivars differed in the magnitude of their physiological and biochemical responses to drought stress and biostimulant application, highlighting the influence of genotype on stress tolerance. It is concluded that foliar application of Ascophyllum nodosum represents an effective strategy for mitigating the effects of drought stress in soybean, contributing to the maintenance of plant physiological performance and the production of seeds with superior physiological quality. Keywords: Glycine max ; water stress; biostimulantseed ; seed vigor ; antioxidant system.
The use of biostimulants, particularly those derived from seaweed extracts, has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses by maintaining plant physiological performance under unfavorable environmental conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of foliar application of an Ascophyllum nodosum-based biostimulant on the induction of drought tolerance in soybean plants and its subsequent effects on the physiological quality of the produced seeds. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Viçosa, during the 2024/2025 growing season. A completely randomized design was adopted in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, consisting of two soybean cultivars (CV1: 55I57RSF IPRO and CV2: 56IX58RSF I2X) and three water regimes: field capacity (FC), with irrigation maintained close to field capacity until the R7 growth stage; water deficit (WD) soil maintained at 40% of field capacity (CV1) and 50% of field capacity (CV2) from stage R5 to R7; and water deficit associated with foliar application of Ascophyllum nodosum-based biostimulant (WD+BIO) at the R2, R4 and R5.3 stages. . Seeds were harvested at the R8 stage and evaluated for physiological quality and biochemical characteristics. In addition, physiological and biochemicalwere also assessed in the mother plants. Drought stress reduced leaf water potential, altered the activity of antioxidant enzymes, impaired plant physiological performance, and decreased seed physiological quality by reducing seed vigor and seedling growth. The application of the seaweed-based biostimulant partially alleviated the adverse effects of drought stress by improving plant water status, modulating antioxidant enzyme activity, and preserving the physiological quality of the produced seeds. Furthermore, the cultivars differed in the magnitude of their physiological and biochemical responses to drought stress and biostimulant application, highlighting the influence of genotype on stress tolerance. It is concluded that foliar application of Ascophyllum nodosum represents an effective strategy for mitigating the effects of drought stress in soybean, contributing to the maintenance of plant physiological performance and the production of seeds with superior physiological quality. Keywords: Glycine max ; water stress; biostimulantseed ; seed vigor ; antioxidant system.
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SOUZA, Lucas Rodrigues de. Bioestimulante à base de alga Ascophyllum nodosum como indutor de tolerância ao déficit hídrico em plantas de soja e seu efeito no potencial fisiológico das sementes. 2026. 52 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
