Ação do paclobutrazol e do 1-MCP sobre a qualidade de espécies ornamentais de Capsicum
Arquivos
Data
2016-07-14
Autores
Ribeiro, Wellington Souto
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Dentro da grande variabilidade genética no gênero Capsicum há plantas com grande potencial ornamental, mas com altura desconforme da exigida pelo mercado de plantas ornamentais. Além da adequação da altura, algumas espécies de pimenteiras apresentam baixa durabilidade na fase de pós-produção, principalmente, pela sensibilidade ao etileno. Diante deste cenário e dada a crescente importância das pimenteiras no mercado de horticultura ornamental, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito do paclobutrazol (PBZ) e do 1-MCP, sobre a qualidade de pimenteiras ornamentais. A aplicação de PBZ (25, 50 e 75 mg L-1) foi feita em sete genótipos de pimenteiras do Banco de Germoplasma da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (BGH/UFV) e 1 genótipo do Banco de Germoplasma da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG). No acesso BGH 6371, a aplicação de PBZ mostrou-se ineficaz em alterar a arquitetura das plantas. Nos acessos BGH 1032 e BGH 1039, a aplicação de PBZ na concentração de 25 mg L-1 resultou em plantas com melhores características ornamentais, principalmente, altura e compacidade de copa. Considerando o custo/benefício, a dose indicada para os acessos BGH 4285, BGH 7073 e MG 302 é de 25 mg L-1 de PBZ. A aplicação de PBZ nos acessos BGH 4199 e BGH 4355, apesar de reduzir a altura da planta, não melhorou suas características ornamentais, resultando em plantas sem padrão de copa. Avaliou-se também a sensibilidade ao etileno de sete genótipos de pimenteiras ornamentais (variedades comerciais e acessos do BGH/UFV e da EPAMIG). Após a exposição das pimenteiras a 10 L L-1 de etileno por 48 horas, foi observado que as flores são altamente sensíveis ao etileno exógeno em todos os genótipos estudadas, à exceção da ‘Pimenta colorida’ que foi moderadamente sensível. Com relação a abscisão de folhas, a ‘Pimenta colorida’ e o ‘Pimentão ornamental’ são altamente sensíveis a aplicação de etileno; a ‘Pimenta Salsa Roxa’ moderamente sensível e os demais genótipos são insensíveis ao hormônio. Já os frutos responderam com o aceleramento da coloração, à exceção da ‘Pimenta laranja’ e ‘Laranja Ornamental’. O pré-tratamento com 1-MCP, independente da concentração aplicada, foi eficaz em bloquear a ação do etileno reduzindo em 100% a abscisão de folhas, flores e frutos de ambas os genótipos, ‘Pimenta Colorida’ e ‘Pimentão Ornamental’.
The great genetic variability in the Capsicum genus there are plants with ornamental potential, but with higher not required by the market. In addition to the higher, some kinds of pepper have a low shelf life caused by sensitivity of the ethylene. The growing importance of pepper plants in the ornamental horticulture market, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol (PBZ) and 1-MCP on the ornamental quality of ornamental pepper. The application of PBZ (0, 25, 50 and 75 mg L-1) was made on eight pepper genotypes from the Germplasm Bank of UFV. To access BGH 6371, the PBZ do not altering the architecture of plants. For the BGH and BGH 1032 1039 accesses the PBZ (25 mg L-1) resulted in ornamental plants with improved characteristics. Considering the cost/benefit, the best treatement was PBZ at 25 mg L-1 to BGH 4285 hits, BGH 7073 and MG. The PBZ in BGH 4355 and BGH 4199 reduced the plant height but do not improved ornamental characteristics, resulting in pattern without plant canopy. In a second phase of the study, we evaluated the sensitivity to ethylene seven genotypes of ornamental pepper plants (commercial varieties and access the Germplasm Bank of Universidade Federal de Viçosa). After exposure of pepper 10 μL L-1 of ethylene for 48 hours, it was observed that the flowers were highly sensitive to ethylene in all varieties except of ‘Pimenta colorida’ (moderately susceptible). Regarding the abscission of flowers, ‘Pimenta colorida’ and ‘Pimentão Ornamental’ were classified as highly sensitive to exogenous ethylene; ‘Pimenta Salsa Roxa’ was moderately sensitive and the other genotypes were insensitive to the hormone. The fruits responded by accelerating the color, except for the ‘Pimenta Laranja’ and ‘Laranja Ornamental’. When abscindiam, the highest rates were observed for the green fruit, followed by green-mature and mature fruits. The pre-treatment with 1-MCP, regardless of the applied concentration, was effective in blocking the action of ethylene reducing by 100% abscission of leaves, flowers and fruits of both the varieties. The pre-treated plants with 1-MCP increased the shelf life of eight and nine days to varieties ‘Pimenta Colorida’ and ‘Pimentão Oramental’ respectively. Therefore, the application of 1-MCP at a concentration of 0.5 g m-3 is effective in maintaining the ornamental quality and prolong the shelf life of ‘Pimentão Ornamental’ e ‘Pimenta Colorida’.
The great genetic variability in the Capsicum genus there are plants with ornamental potential, but with higher not required by the market. In addition to the higher, some kinds of pepper have a low shelf life caused by sensitivity of the ethylene. The growing importance of pepper plants in the ornamental horticulture market, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol (PBZ) and 1-MCP on the ornamental quality of ornamental pepper. The application of PBZ (0, 25, 50 and 75 mg L-1) was made on eight pepper genotypes from the Germplasm Bank of UFV. To access BGH 6371, the PBZ do not altering the architecture of plants. For the BGH and BGH 1032 1039 accesses the PBZ (25 mg L-1) resulted in ornamental plants with improved characteristics. Considering the cost/benefit, the best treatement was PBZ at 25 mg L-1 to BGH 4285 hits, BGH 7073 and MG. The PBZ in BGH 4355 and BGH 4199 reduced the plant height but do not improved ornamental characteristics, resulting in pattern without plant canopy. In a second phase of the study, we evaluated the sensitivity to ethylene seven genotypes of ornamental pepper plants (commercial varieties and access the Germplasm Bank of Universidade Federal de Viçosa). After exposure of pepper 10 μL L-1 of ethylene for 48 hours, it was observed that the flowers were highly sensitive to ethylene in all varieties except of ‘Pimenta colorida’ (moderately susceptible). Regarding the abscission of flowers, ‘Pimenta colorida’ and ‘Pimentão Ornamental’ were classified as highly sensitive to exogenous ethylene; ‘Pimenta Salsa Roxa’ was moderately sensitive and the other genotypes were insensitive to the hormone. The fruits responded by accelerating the color, except for the ‘Pimenta Laranja’ and ‘Laranja Ornamental’. When abscindiam, the highest rates were observed for the green fruit, followed by green-mature and mature fruits. The pre-treatment with 1-MCP, regardless of the applied concentration, was effective in blocking the action of ethylene reducing by 100% abscission of leaves, flowers and fruits of both the varieties. The pre-treated plants with 1-MCP increased the shelf life of eight and nine days to varieties ‘Pimenta Colorida’ and ‘Pimentão Oramental’ respectively. Therefore, the application of 1-MCP at a concentration of 0.5 g m-3 is effective in maintaining the ornamental quality and prolong the shelf life of ‘Pimentão Ornamental’ e ‘Pimenta Colorida’.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pimenteira, Capsicum, Plantas ornamentais, Crescimento (Plantas) - Hormônio
Citação
RIBEIRO, Wellington Souto. Ação do paclobutrazol e do 1-MCP sobre a qualidade de espécies ornamentais de Capsicum. 2016.. 72f. Tese (Doutorado em Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2016.