Densidade populacional de saguis invasores (Callithrix spp.) em fragmentos florestais de Mata Atlântica em Viçosa - Minas Gerais
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A introdução de espécies alóctones em fragmentos da Mata Atlântica ameaça sua biodiversidade, impactando espécies como o sagui-da-serra-escuro (Callithrix aurita). Nativa de Viçosa (MG), C. aurita enfrenta declínio populacional devido à introdução de congêneres alóctones (C. jacchus, C. penicillata e C. geoffroyi) e de saguis híbridos invasores em fragmentos florestais locais. Este estudo estimou a densidade populacional e a abundância de saguis invasores (Callithrix spp.) em cinco fragmentos florestais no município que, juntos, totalizam a área de 992,53 ha. Para tanto, utilizamos uma combinação de amostragem por playback e modelos de ocupação N-mixture, considerando variáveis ambientais e antrópicas, como distância da borda do fragmento e proporções de áreas urbanas, agrícolas e pastagens, para avaliar sua influência sobre a abundância. A probabilidade de detecção foi modelada com base na largura das vias (estradas e trilhas). A densidade média foi de 0,38 indivíduos/ha, com uma abundância total extrapolada de aproximadamente 380 indivíduos nos fragmentos analisados. Os resultados indicaram que nenhuma variável analisada influenciou significativamente a abundância dos saguis híbridos, sugerindo alta plasticidade ecológica e capacidade adaptativa em ambientes antropizados. A detecção também não foi afetada pela largura das vias, indicando possível habituação aos espaços avaliados. O estudo alerta sobre a continuidade da introdução de saguis alóctones na região, agravando o risco de extinção de C. aurita. Medidas urgentes são necessárias, incluindo controle populacional dos híbridos, manejo de grupos remanescentes da espécie nativa e programas de educação ambiental para conscientização sobre os impactos das invasões biológicas. Os resultados contribuem para o entendimento da dinâmica populacional de saguis híbridos e oferecem subsídios para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de conservação na Mata Atlântica, especialmente na região de Viçosa. Palavras-chave: Callithrix aurita; Saguis híbridos; Hibridação; Antropização de habitat; Invasão biológica
The introduction of allochthonous species into Atlantic Forest fragments threatens biodiversity, impacting native species such as the Buffy-tufted-ear Marmoset (Callithrix aurita). Native to Viçosa (MG), C. aurita has experienced population decline due to the introduction of allochthonous congeners (C. jacchus, C. penicillata, and C. geoffroyi) and invasive hybrid marmosets in local forest fragments. This study estimated the population density and abundance of invasive marmosets (Callithrix spp.) in five forest fragments within the municipality, which together cover a total area of 992.53 ha. To achieve this, we employed a combination of playback sampling and N-mixture occupancy models, incorporating environmental and anthropogenic variables—such as fragment edge distance and proportions of urban, agricultural, and pasture areas—to assess their influence on abundance. Detection probability was modeled based on road and trail width. The mean density was estimated at 0.38 individuals/ha, with a total extrapolated abundance of approximately 380 individuals across the analyzed fragments. The results indicated that none of the analyzed variables significantly influenced the abundance of hybrid marmosets, suggesting high ecological plasticity and adaptive capacity in anthropogenic environments. Detection probability was also unaffected by road and trail width, indicating potential habituation to the assessed spaces. This study highlights the ongoing introduction of allochthonous marmosets in the region, exacerbating the risk of extinction for C. aurita. Urgent measures are necessary, including hybrid population control, management of remaining native groups, and environmental education programs to raise awareness of the impacts of biological invasions. These findings contribute to the understanding of hybrid marmoset population dynamics and provide valuable insights for developing conservation strategies in the Atlantic Forest, particularly in the Viçosa region. Keywords: Callithrix aurita; Hybrid marmosets; Hybridization; Habitat anthropization; Biological invasion
The introduction of allochthonous species into Atlantic Forest fragments threatens biodiversity, impacting native species such as the Buffy-tufted-ear Marmoset (Callithrix aurita). Native to Viçosa (MG), C. aurita has experienced population decline due to the introduction of allochthonous congeners (C. jacchus, C. penicillata, and C. geoffroyi) and invasive hybrid marmosets in local forest fragments. This study estimated the population density and abundance of invasive marmosets (Callithrix spp.) in five forest fragments within the municipality, which together cover a total area of 992.53 ha. To achieve this, we employed a combination of playback sampling and N-mixture occupancy models, incorporating environmental and anthropogenic variables—such as fragment edge distance and proportions of urban, agricultural, and pasture areas—to assess their influence on abundance. Detection probability was modeled based on road and trail width. The mean density was estimated at 0.38 individuals/ha, with a total extrapolated abundance of approximately 380 individuals across the analyzed fragments. The results indicated that none of the analyzed variables significantly influenced the abundance of hybrid marmosets, suggesting high ecological plasticity and adaptive capacity in anthropogenic environments. Detection probability was also unaffected by road and trail width, indicating potential habituation to the assessed spaces. This study highlights the ongoing introduction of allochthonous marmosets in the region, exacerbating the risk of extinction for C. aurita. Urgent measures are necessary, including hybrid population control, management of remaining native groups, and environmental education programs to raise awareness of the impacts of biological invasions. These findings contribute to the understanding of hybrid marmoset population dynamics and provide valuable insights for developing conservation strategies in the Atlantic Forest, particularly in the Viçosa region. Keywords: Callithrix aurita; Hybrid marmosets; Hybridization; Habitat anthropization; Biological invasion
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Citation
FRANCO, Luíza Rochael. Densidade populacional de saguis invasores (Callithrix spp.) em fragmentos florestais de Mata Atlântica em Viçosa - Minas Gerais. 2024. 35 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biologia Animal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
