Perfil proteômico de hidrolases do intestino de lagarta da soja, Anticarsia gemmatalis, no mecanismo de interação planta-inseto
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A soja é o quarto grão mais consumido e produzido em todo o mundo. Está entre as
atividades econômicas que cresceram significativamente nas últimas décadas devido às
múltiplas aplicações alimentares e industriais. A lagarta da soja, Anticarsia gemmatalis
Hiuúbner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), é uma praga que causa grande prejuizo na
produtividade dessa cultura, mesmo em baixas densidades populacionais, devido ao
desfolhamento severo durante sua fase larval. As plantas têm mecanismos de defesa ao
ataque de insetos que levam à inibição da atividade proteolítica desses herbívoros,
retardando seu desenvolvimento. Por outro lado, os insetos mostram uma importante
diversidade e plasticidade de suas proteases digestivas. Além do papel de digerir
proteinas da dieta, essas proteases também desempenham um papel importante na
defesa contra inibidores de proteases (IP) de plantas. Essa complexa relação protease-
inibidor é importante para a elaboração de métodos alternativos de controle. Baseado
nisso, a busca por IP potentes depende do conhecimento acerca das proteases intestinais
do inseto fitófago. Portanto, o trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os perfis enzimáticos
das proteases intestinais da lagarta da soja em diferentes instares e identificar as
proteases encontradas no intestino. Os resultados mostraram que há uma plasticidade no
perfil proteolítico do intestino da A. gemmatalis ao longo do desenvolvimento larval. As
atividades de enzimas do tipo cisteino proteases foram mais importantes nos primeiros
instares. Por outro lado, as enzimas do tipo sermno proteases tiveram maiores atividades
nas etapas mais tardias da fase larval. Além disso, três proteases foram identificadas por
espectrometria de massas, através de homologia do banco de dados para Lepidoptera. O
comportamento proteolítico do extrato bruto do intestino da lagarta da soja seguiu a
cinética de Michaelis-Menten. Foi demonstrado pela primeira vez que o perfil de
proteases do intestino de A. gemmatalis se altera ao longo do seu desenvolvimento.
Estes resultados podem mudar o foco do desenvolvimento racional de IP para a lagartada soja e outras Lepidoptera, uma vez que a expressão das principais proteases de
insetos não é constante.
Soybean 1s the fourth most consumed and produced gram in the world. It is among the economic activities that have grown significantly in recent decades due to multiple food and industrial applications. The soybean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis Húbner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), 1s a pest that causes great damage to the productivity of this crop, even at low population densities, due to severe defoliation during 1ts larval phase. The plants have mechanisms of defense to the attack of insects that lead to the inhibition of the proteolytic activity of these herbivores, retarding their development. On the other hand, insects show an important diversity and plasticity of their digestive proteases. In addition to the role of digesting dietary proteins, these proteases also play an important role in the defense against plant protease inhibitors (PIs). This complex protease-inhibitor relationship 1s important for the development of alternative methods of control. Based on this, the search for potent PI depends on the knowledge about the intestinal proteases of the phytophagous insect. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the enzymatic profiles of the intestinal proteases of the soybean caterpillar at different instars and to identify the proteases found 1n the intestine. The results showed that there 1s a plasticity in the proteolytic profile of the intestine of 4. gemmatalis throughout larval development. The activities of cysteme protease type enzymes were more important in the first instars. On the other hand, the serine protease enzymes had greater activities mn the later stages of the larval phase. In addition, three proteases were identified by mass spectrometry, through homology of the Lepidoptera database. The proteolytic behavior of the crude intestinal extract of the soybean caterpillar followed the Michaelis-Menten kimmetics. It has been demonstrated for the first time that the protease profile of the gut of A. gemmatalis changes throughout its development. These results may shift the focus of rational PI development to the soybean caterpillar and other Lepidoptera, since the expression of major insect proteases Is not constant.
Soybean 1s the fourth most consumed and produced gram in the world. It is among the economic activities that have grown significantly in recent decades due to multiple food and industrial applications. The soybean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis Húbner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), 1s a pest that causes great damage to the productivity of this crop, even at low population densities, due to severe defoliation during 1ts larval phase. The plants have mechanisms of defense to the attack of insects that lead to the inhibition of the proteolytic activity of these herbivores, retarding their development. On the other hand, insects show an important diversity and plasticity of their digestive proteases. In addition to the role of digesting dietary proteins, these proteases also play an important role in the defense against plant protease inhibitors (PIs). This complex protease-inhibitor relationship 1s important for the development of alternative methods of control. Based on this, the search for potent PI depends on the knowledge about the intestinal proteases of the phytophagous insect. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the enzymatic profiles of the intestinal proteases of the soybean caterpillar at different instars and to identify the proteases found 1n the intestine. The results showed that there 1s a plasticity in the proteolytic profile of the intestine of 4. gemmatalis throughout larval development. The activities of cysteme protease type enzymes were more important in the first instars. On the other hand, the serine protease enzymes had greater activities mn the later stages of the larval phase. In addition, three proteases were identified by mass spectrometry, through homology of the Lepidoptera database. The proteolytic behavior of the crude intestinal extract of the soybean caterpillar followed the Michaelis-Menten kimmetics. It has been demonstrated for the first time that the protease profile of the gut of A. gemmatalis changes throughout its development. These results may shift the focus of rational PI development to the soybean caterpillar and other Lepidoptera, since the expression of major insect proteases Is not constant.
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Citation
SILVA JUNIOR, Neiler Rodrigues. Perfil proteômico de hidrolases do intestino de lagarta da soja, Anticarsia gemmatalis, no mecanismo de interação planta-inseto. 2018. 54 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Bioquímica Aplicada) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2018.
