Evolutóides de curvas convexas em formas espaciais bidimensionais
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Neste trabalho, estuda-se os evolutóides de curvas convexas em formas espaciais bidimensionais, com ênfase nos modelos esférico e hiperbólico. Embora o caso plano já tenha sido amplamente investigado na literatura, alguns de seus resultados fundamentais são retomados ao longo do texto. Com a finalidade de estender o estudo dos evolutóides às geometrias de curvatura Gaussiana constante não nula, são utilizadas ferramentas da Geometria Riemanniana, explorando-se as particularidades de cada modelo, tais como a conexão riemanniana, a curvatura geodésica e as propriedades intrínsecas associadas às superfícies consideradas. Além disso, caracterizamos o evolutóide como o lugar geométrico dos pontos singulares das frentes de onda. Palavras-chave: involutóides envelopes; frentes de onda; geometrias não euclidianas.
In this work, we study the evolutes of convex curves in two-dimensional space forms, with emphasis on the spherical and hyperbolic models. Although the planar case has already been extensively investigated in the literature, some of its fundamental results are revisited throughout the text. In order to extend the study of evolutes to geometries of nonzero constant Gaussian curvature, tools from Riemannian geometry are employed, exploring the particular features of each model, such as the Riemannian connection, geodesic curvature, and the intrinsic properties associated with the surfaces under consideration. In addition, we characterize the evolute as the locus of singular points of wave fronts. Keywords: envelopes; wave fronts; non-euclidean geometries; involutes.
In this work, we study the evolutes of convex curves in two-dimensional space forms, with emphasis on the spherical and hyperbolic models. Although the planar case has already been extensively investigated in the literature, some of its fundamental results are revisited throughout the text. In order to extend the study of evolutes to geometries of nonzero constant Gaussian curvature, tools from Riemannian geometry are employed, exploring the particular features of each model, such as the Riemannian connection, geodesic curvature, and the intrinsic properties associated with the surfaces under consideration. In addition, we characterize the evolute as the locus of singular points of wave fronts. Keywords: envelopes; wave fronts; non-euclidean geometries; involutes.
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VIEIRA, Luiz Fernando Saldanha. Evolutóides de curvas convexas em formas espaciais bidimensionais. 2026. 57 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Matemática) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
