Híbridos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivados sob níveis crescentes de adubação. Características agronômicas, carboidratos solúveis e estruturais da planta
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Data
2004-08-16
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Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
Resumo
Foram avaliadas características agronômicas, fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) e carboidratos solúveis e estruturais de cinco híbridos de sorgo forrageiro (AG-2002, AG-2005E, AGX-202, AGX-213 e AGX-215), cultivados sob quatro níveis de adubação NPK. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 x 4, com quatro repetições. As médias dos fatores qualitativos foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5 e 1% de probabilidade. Os híbridos avaliados apresentaram diferentes proporções de colmos (29,01 a 53,38%), de folhas (16,70 a 22,64%) e de panículas (29,91 a 52,43%), sendo colmos e panículas fortemente correlacionadas com altura, 0,79** e -0,82**, respectivamente. O teor de matéria seca (MS) da planta inteira foi fortemente influenciado pelas proporções de colmos e panículas, tendo as panículas apresentado os maiores teores de MS (48,79 a 56,80%) e colmos as menores (18,86 a 22,54%). O aumento nos níveis de adubação proporcionou acréscimo na produção de panículas, que refletiu na diminuição da relação colmo + folha/panícula, no acréscimo da proporção de panículas e no teor de MS da planta inteira. Os teores de carboidratos solúveis totais, com base na matéria seca, variaram entre os híbridos avaliados (12,24 a 19,80%) e apresentaram aumento com a elevação dos níveis de adubação. Os híbridos avaliados apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os teores de fibra em detergente neutro (57,38 a 62,30%), fibra em detergente ácido (25,29 a 31,56%), hemicelulose (28,56 a 33,87%), celulose (19,20 a 24,34%) e lignina (6,04 a 6,51%). O avanço nos níveis de adubação resultou em queda nos teores de FDN e hemicelulose.
The agronomic characteristics, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and total soluble and structural carbohydrates contents of five hybrid sorghum (AG-2002, AG-2005E, AGX-212, AGX-213 e AGX-215), cultivated under different fertilization levels, were evaluated. A randomized blocks design, in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replicates, was used. The qualitative factors means were analyzed by means of Tukey test at 5 and 1% of probability. The evaluated hybrids showed different proportions of stem (29.01 to 53.38%), leaves (16.70 to 22.64%) and panicle (29.91 to 52.43%), where stem and panicle were highly correlated with height, 0.79** and -0,82**, respectively. Dry matter content of whole plant was strongly affected by stem and panicle proportion, where the panicle showed higher DM contents (48.79 to 56,80%) and stem, the smaller (18.86 to 22.54%). The increase in the fertilization levels provided increment in the panicle production, that decreased stem+leaves/panicle proportions and increased panicle proportion and DM content of whole plant. The total soluble carbohydrates contents, in dry matter basis, varied among evaluated hybrids (12.24 to 19.80%) and increased as the fertilization levels increased. The evaluated hybrids showed significant differences among the NDF (57.38 to 62.30), ADF (25.29 to 31.56%), hemicellulose (28.56 to 33.87%), cellulose (19.20 to 24.34%) and lignin (6.04 a 6.51%) contents. The NDF and hemicellulose contents decreased as the fertilization levels increased.
The agronomic characteristics, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and total soluble and structural carbohydrates contents of five hybrid sorghum (AG-2002, AG-2005E, AGX-212, AGX-213 e AGX-215), cultivated under different fertilization levels, were evaluated. A randomized blocks design, in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replicates, was used. The qualitative factors means were analyzed by means of Tukey test at 5 and 1% of probability. The evaluated hybrids showed different proportions of stem (29.01 to 53.38%), leaves (16.70 to 22.64%) and panicle (29.91 to 52.43%), where stem and panicle were highly correlated with height, 0.79** and -0,82**, respectively. Dry matter content of whole plant was strongly affected by stem and panicle proportion, where the panicle showed higher DM contents (48.79 to 56,80%) and stem, the smaller (18.86 to 22.54%). The increase in the fertilization levels provided increment in the panicle production, that decreased stem+leaves/panicle proportions and increased panicle proportion and DM content of whole plant. The total soluble carbohydrates contents, in dry matter basis, varied among evaluated hybrids (12.24 to 19.80%) and increased as the fertilization levels increased. The evaluated hybrids showed significant differences among the NDF (57.38 to 62.30), ADF (25.29 to 31.56%), hemicellulose (28.56 to 33.87%), cellulose (19.20 to 24.34%) and lignin (6.04 a 6.51%) contents. The NDF and hemicellulose contents decreased as the fertilization levels increased.
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Características agronômicas, Forragem, Sorgo forrageiro