Efeitos da insuflação uterina com a mistura gasosa oxigênio-ozônio sobre o endométrio de éguas
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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A realização deste trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da insuflação uterina com mistura gasosa oxigênio-ozônio sobre o endométrio de éguas saudáveis e diagnosticadas com endometrite. No experimento 1 (EXP1), foram utilizadas 13 éguas em anestro estacional que receberam 10 mL de benzoato de estradiol (BE) e no experimento 2 (EXP2), 19 éguas cíclicas. Os animais foram avaliados por meio de palpação e ultrassonografia transretais e foram coletadas amostras para citologia, histopatologia e histomorfometria uterinas. Para a definição dos grupos experimentais, foi realizado lavado de baixo volume (LBV) para a avaliação da citologia uterina, que juntamente ao histórico reprodutivo e exame ginecológico, foram empregados para o diagnóstico da endometrite. No EXP1, os animais foram alocados em grupo controle (GC; n = 3) e grupo tratado (GT; n = 10). O dia da aplicação do BE foi considerado o D0 e as coletas das amostras começaram no D3, com o LBV seguido da biópsia uterina (B1). Os animais do EXP2 foram inicialmente classificados em éguas com e sem endometrite, e então, separados em controle negativo (receberam oxigênio) e controle positivo (receberam mistura gasosa oxigênio-ozônio). Dessa maneira, formaram-se 4 grupos experimentais: éguas sem endometrite controle negativo (GC-; n = 3) e tratada (GC+; n = 3), e por fim, éguas com endometrite controle negativo (GEC; n = 6) e tratada (GEBT; n = 7). Foram acompanhados dois ciclos estrais de cada animal e, ao detectar um folículo com tamanho igual ou superior a 30 mm associado a edema uterino grau 3, foi realizado o primeiro LBV seguido da aplicação 1 mL de Strelin®. A B1 foi coletada 5 dias após a detecção da ovulação (D5) e, em seguida, foi administrado 1 mL de Lutalyse® para o retorno ao estro. As insuflações uterinas foram iniciadas dois dias após a B1 em ambos os experimentos e foram sempre precedidas de um LBV, totalizando três aplicações com intervalo de 48h entre elas. A concentração empregada foi a de 44 μg/mL nos grupos tratados e 0 μg/mL nos grupos controles. A insuflação foi realizada, via cérvix, até se obter a distensão completa do útero. O último LBV foi coletado dois dias após a última insuflação. No EXP1, a segunda biópsia (B2) foi coletada logo após o último LBV e no EXP2, no D5 do ciclo seguinte após o fim das insuflações. Foram avaliados os parâmetros histopatológicos: 1. Alterações glandulares; 2. Edema; 3. Hemorragia; 4. Infiltrado inflamatório; 5. Necrose. Na histomorfometria, foi avaliada a densidade volumétrica glandular, tecido conjuntivo, vasos sanguíneos e lúmen glandular, e por fim, mensurado o diâmetro glandular, altura do epitélio glandular e luminal. Após o tratamento, no EXP2, foi observada redução (p<0,05) da contagem de polimorfonucleados/campo (PMN) ao comparar grupos, tratamentos e tempos. A avaliação histopatológica do infiltrado neutrofílico e linfocitário endometrial nos dois experimentos demonstraram que não ocorreu redução na frequência de células inflamatórias em nenhum dos nos grupos experimentais (p>0,05). Por fim, não foi encontrada diferença nos parâmetros morfométricos avaliados (p>0,05). Conclui- se que a insuflação uterina com mistura gasosa oxigênio-ozônio na concentração de 44 μg/mL em éguas foi segura e que apresentou benefícios teciduais para éguas diagnosticadas com endometrite. Palavras-chave: Ozonioterapia. Medicina alternativa. Reprodução equina. Subfertilidade. Inflamação uterina.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of uterine insufflation with oxygen-ozone gas mixture on the endometrium of healthy mares diagnosed with endometritis. In experiment 1 (EXP1), 13 mares in seasonal anestrus that received 10 mL of estradiol benzoate (EB) were used, and in experiment 2 (EXP2), 19 cyclic mares were used. The animals were evaluated by transrectal palpation and ultrasonography and samples were collected for uterine cytology, histopathology and histomorphometry. To define the experimental groups, a low-volume lavage (LVB) was performed to evaluate uterine cytology, which, together with the reproductive history and gynecological examination, were used to diagnose endometritis and define the experimental groups. In EXP1, the animals were divided into a control group (GC; n = 3) and a treated group (TG; n = 10). The day of EB application was considered D0, and sample collection began on D3, with LVB followed by uterine biopsy (B1). The animals from EXP2 were initially divided into mares with and without endometritis, and then separated into negative control (received oxygen) and positive control (received oxygen-ozone gas mixture). Thus, 4 experimental groups were formed: mares without endometritis, negative control (GC-; n = 3) and treated (GC+; n = 3), and finally, mares with endometritis, negative control (GEC; n = 6) and treated (GEBT; n = 7). Two cycles of each animal were followed and, when detecting a follicle with a size equal to or greater than 30 mm together with uterine edema 3, the first LVB was collected and 1 mL of Strelin® was applied. The first biopsy (B1) was collected 5 days after the ovulation (D5) and then 1 mL of Lutalyse® was applied to return to estrus. Uterine insufflations began two days after B1 in both experiments and were always preceded by an LVB, totaling 3 applications with an interval of 48 hours between them. The concentration used was 44μg/mL in the treated group and 0 μg/mL in the control group, and insufflation was performed until detection, via the cervix, of complete distension of the uterus. The last LVB was collected 2 days after the last insufflation. In EXP1, the second biopsy (B2) was collected right after the last LVB and in EXP2, on D5 of the following cycle after the end of insufflations. The histopathological parameters were evaluated: 1. Glandular changes; 2. Edema; 3. Bleeding; 4. Inflammatory infiltrate; 5. Necrosis. In the histomorphometry, the glandular volumetric density, connective tissue, blood vessels and glandular lumen were evaluated, and glandular diameter, height of the glandular and luminal epithelium were measured. The histopathological evaluation of the endometrial neutrophilic and lymphocytic infiltrate in both experiments demonstrated that there was no reduction in the frequency of inflammatory cells in any of the experimental groups (p>0.05). Finally, no difference was found in morphometric parameters (p>0.05). It was concluded that the intrauterine insufflation with oxygen-ozone gas mixture at a concentration of 44 μg/mL in mares was safe and that there are benefits for the endometrium of mares diagnosed with endometritis. Keywords: Ozone therapy. Integrative medicine. Equine reproduction. Subfertility. Uterine inflammation.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of uterine insufflation with oxygen-ozone gas mixture on the endometrium of healthy mares diagnosed with endometritis. In experiment 1 (EXP1), 13 mares in seasonal anestrus that received 10 mL of estradiol benzoate (EB) were used, and in experiment 2 (EXP2), 19 cyclic mares were used. The animals were evaluated by transrectal palpation and ultrasonography and samples were collected for uterine cytology, histopathology and histomorphometry. To define the experimental groups, a low-volume lavage (LVB) was performed to evaluate uterine cytology, which, together with the reproductive history and gynecological examination, were used to diagnose endometritis and define the experimental groups. In EXP1, the animals were divided into a control group (GC; n = 3) and a treated group (TG; n = 10). The day of EB application was considered D0, and sample collection began on D3, with LVB followed by uterine biopsy (B1). The animals from EXP2 were initially divided into mares with and without endometritis, and then separated into negative control (received oxygen) and positive control (received oxygen-ozone gas mixture). Thus, 4 experimental groups were formed: mares without endometritis, negative control (GC-; n = 3) and treated (GC+; n = 3), and finally, mares with endometritis, negative control (GEC; n = 6) and treated (GEBT; n = 7). Two cycles of each animal were followed and, when detecting a follicle with a size equal to or greater than 30 mm together with uterine edema 3, the first LVB was collected and 1 mL of Strelin® was applied. The first biopsy (B1) was collected 5 days after the ovulation (D5) and then 1 mL of Lutalyse® was applied to return to estrus. Uterine insufflations began two days after B1 in both experiments and were always preceded by an LVB, totaling 3 applications with an interval of 48 hours between them. The concentration used was 44μg/mL in the treated group and 0 μg/mL in the control group, and insufflation was performed until detection, via the cervix, of complete distension of the uterus. The last LVB was collected 2 days after the last insufflation. In EXP1, the second biopsy (B2) was collected right after the last LVB and in EXP2, on D5 of the following cycle after the end of insufflations. The histopathological parameters were evaluated: 1. Glandular changes; 2. Edema; 3. Bleeding; 4. Inflammatory infiltrate; 5. Necrosis. In the histomorphometry, the glandular volumetric density, connective tissue, blood vessels and glandular lumen were evaluated, and glandular diameter, height of the glandular and luminal epithelium were measured. The histopathological evaluation of the endometrial neutrophilic and lymphocytic infiltrate in both experiments demonstrated that there was no reduction in the frequency of inflammatory cells in any of the experimental groups (p>0.05). Finally, no difference was found in morphometric parameters (p>0.05). It was concluded that the intrauterine insufflation with oxygen-ozone gas mixture at a concentration of 44 μg/mL in mares was safe and that there are benefits for the endometrium of mares diagnosed with endometritis. Keywords: Ozone therapy. Integrative medicine. Equine reproduction. Subfertility. Uterine inflammation.
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TAVARES, Rachel de Andrade. Efeitos da insuflação uterina com a mistura gasosa oxigênio-ozônio sobre o endométrio de éguas. 2022. 79 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Medicina Veterinária) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2022.
