Fungos endofíticos radiculares da bananeira e avaliação do potencial para o controle biológico da fusariose
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A banana é uma das frutas mais consumida mundialmente, sendo o Brasil o terceiro maior produtor. A cadeia produtiva da banana enfrenta grandes perdas, especialmente em decorrência de pragas e doenças que afetam a cultura. Uma das principais doenças que acometem a cultura é a murcha vascular causada pelo fitopatógeno Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, que pode levar a perdas de até 100% da produção a depender da cultivar infectada. Os fungos endofíticos vêm sendo estudados como uma estratégia para controlar a murcha-de-fusário, pois podem uti- lizar diferentes mecanismos de ação que levam a redução da população do patógeno, tais como a antibiose, competição por espaço, hiperparasitismo, entre outros. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e testar o potencial antagonista de fungos endofíticos das famílias Chaeto- miaceae e Chaetosphaeriaceae associados a raízes de bananeira contra Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense e Fusarium sacchari in vitro. Os fungos foram identificados por análises morfoló- gica e filogenética, e testados em cultura dupla com os fitopatógenos. Foram identificadas uma espécie nova do gênero Codinaea e uma espécie nova do gênero Dichotomopilus, e relatado pela primeira vez Fusarium sacchari causando murcha vascular em bananeira no Brasil. Os isolados de Codinaea e Dichotomopilus apresentam capacidade de antagonismo contra Fusa- rium oxysporum f. sp. cubense e Fusarium sacchari in vitro. Fungos endofíticos radiculares da bananeira são pouco conhecidos e possuem a capacidade de antibiose contra fitopatógenos in vitro, podendo contribuir para o controle biológico da doença no campo. Palavras-chave: Chaetomiaceae. Chaetospheariaceae. Controle biológico. Mal do Panamá. Murcha de fusário.
Banana is one of the most consumed fruits worldwide, beingBrazil the third largest producer. The banana production chain faces huge losses, and this specially due to pests and diseases that affect the crop. One of the main diseases that affect the crop is the vascular wilt caused by the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, which can lead to losses of up to 100% of production depending on the infected cultivar. Endophytic fungi have been studied as an stra- tegy to control Fusarium wilt, as they can develop different mechanisms of action that lead to the reduction of the pathogen population, such as the antibiosis, competition for space, hyper- parasitism, among others. This work aimed to identify and test the antagonistic potential of endophytic fungi of the families Chaetomiaceae and Chaetosphaeriaceae associated with ba- nana roots against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and Fusarium sacchari in vitro. Fungi were identified by morphological and phylogenetic analyses, and tested in double culture with phytopathogens. A new species of the genus Codinaea and a new species of the genus Dicho- tomopilus were identified, and reported for the first time Fusarium sacchari causing vascular wilt in banana in Brazil. Codinaea and Dichotomopilus isolates have antagonism ability against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and Fusarium sacchari in vitro. Banana root endophytic fungi are little known and have the ability to antibiosis against phytopathogens in vitro, which may contribute to the biological control of the disease in the field. Keywords: Chaetomiaceae. Chaetosphaeriaceae. Biological control. Panama disease. Fusa- rium wilt.
Banana is one of the most consumed fruits worldwide, beingBrazil the third largest producer. The banana production chain faces huge losses, and this specially due to pests and diseases that affect the crop. One of the main diseases that affect the crop is the vascular wilt caused by the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, which can lead to losses of up to 100% of production depending on the infected cultivar. Endophytic fungi have been studied as an stra- tegy to control Fusarium wilt, as they can develop different mechanisms of action that lead to the reduction of the pathogen population, such as the antibiosis, competition for space, hyper- parasitism, among others. This work aimed to identify and test the antagonistic potential of endophytic fungi of the families Chaetomiaceae and Chaetosphaeriaceae associated with ba- nana roots against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and Fusarium sacchari in vitro. Fungi were identified by morphological and phylogenetic analyses, and tested in double culture with phytopathogens. A new species of the genus Codinaea and a new species of the genus Dicho- tomopilus were identified, and reported for the first time Fusarium sacchari causing vascular wilt in banana in Brazil. Codinaea and Dichotomopilus isolates have antagonism ability against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and Fusarium sacchari in vitro. Banana root endophytic fungi are little known and have the ability to antibiosis against phytopathogens in vitro, which may contribute to the biological control of the disease in the field. Keywords: Chaetomiaceae. Chaetosphaeriaceae. Biological control. Panama disease. Fusa- rium wilt.
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SANTANA, Jaciara dos Santos. Fungos endofíticos radiculares da bananeira e avaliação do potencial para o controle biológico da fusariose. 2023. 64 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Microbiologia Agrícola) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2023.
