Controle biológico de nematóides gastrintestinais em bovinos: avaliação da eficácia dos fungos predadores Duddingtonia flagrans e Monacrosporium thaumasium produzidos em sistema bifásico e formulados em matriz de alginato de sódio
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O Brasil possui aproximadamente 212 milhões de bovinos criados em 171 milhões de hectares de pastagens responsáveis por produzir aproximadamente 96% da carne bovina brasileira; esse sistema favorece a infecção dos animais por endoparasitos controlados pela administração de drogas antiparasitárias. As espécies D. flagrans e M. thaumasium são alternativas promissoras e sustentáveis para o controle das helmintoses gastrointestinais de ruminantes e outros herbívoros, no entanto, a sua produção em larga escala ainda é um dos principais desafios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de massa micelial e de esporos dos fungos D. flagrans e M. thaumasium em sistema bifásico (líquido/sólido) de produção e o efeito dos isolados formulados em matriz de alginato de sódio na redução de larvas infectantes de nematoides gastrintestinais após passagem pelo trato gastrintestinal em fêmeas bovinas no teste in vitro assim como avaliar a redução ambiental de L3 no teste a campo em região semi- árida. Os meios líquidos de cultivo soja dextrose (SD) e quirera de milho (QM) com valores de pH entre 6,0 e 7,0 se apresentaram como potenciais para produção de biomassa e os subprodutos da agroindústria com maior densidade proteica e energética foram mais eficientes para produção de esporos. No teste in vitro os isolados fúngicos apresentaram maior atividade predatória 72 horas após o trânsito gastrintestinal e no teste a campo o uso de péletes de alginato sódio como veículo de micélio fúngico se mostrou eficiente no controle de tricostrongilídeos com redução efetiva do número de larvas infectantes nas pastagens.
Brazil has approximately 212 million cattle raised on 171 million hectares of pastures responsible for producing approximately 96% of brazilian beef. This system favors the infection of animals for endoparasites, controlled by the administration of antiparasitic drugs. The species D. flagrans and M. thaumasium are promising and sustainable alternatives for the control of gastrointestinal helminths of ruminants and other herbivores, however, its large-scale production is still a major challenge. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of mycelial mass and spores of the D. flagrans and M. thaumasium, in biphasic system of production (liquid/solid) and the effect of the isolated formulated in sodium alginate matrix, in the reduction of the gastrointestinal nematode after passage through gastrointestinal tract of female cattle. The test was realized "in vitro" and in semi-arid field to evaluate the environmental reducion of the L3. Liquid culture media soybean dextrose (SD) and corn grits (QM) with pH values between 6.0 and 7.0 are presented as potential for biomass production and agribusiness byproducts with higher protein and energy density were more efficient in the production of spores. "In vitro" test the fungal isolates showed higher predatory activity 72 hours after gastrointestinal transit and in the field test with use of the pellets of sodium alginate as carrier of fungal mycelium was efficient in controlling trichostrongylids thus reducing the number of larvae infective in pasture.
Brazil has approximately 212 million cattle raised on 171 million hectares of pastures responsible for producing approximately 96% of brazilian beef. This system favors the infection of animals for endoparasites, controlled by the administration of antiparasitic drugs. The species D. flagrans and M. thaumasium are promising and sustainable alternatives for the control of gastrointestinal helminths of ruminants and other herbivores, however, its large-scale production is still a major challenge. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of mycelial mass and spores of the D. flagrans and M. thaumasium, in biphasic system of production (liquid/solid) and the effect of the isolated formulated in sodium alginate matrix, in the reduction of the gastrointestinal nematode after passage through gastrointestinal tract of female cattle. The test was realized "in vitro" and in semi-arid field to evaluate the environmental reducion of the L3. Liquid culture media soybean dextrose (SD) and corn grits (QM) with pH values between 6.0 and 7.0 are presented as potential for biomass production and agribusiness byproducts with higher protein and energy density were more efficient in the production of spores. "In vitro" test the fungal isolates showed higher predatory activity 72 hours after gastrointestinal transit and in the field test with use of the pellets of sodium alginate as carrier of fungal mycelium was efficient in controlling trichostrongylids thus reducing the number of larvae infective in pasture.
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SILVA, Manoel Eduardo da. Biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle: evaluation of the effectiveness of predators fungi Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium produced in a biphasic system and formulated in sodium alginate matrix. 2014. 133 f. Tese (Doutorado em Biotecnologia, diagnóstico e controle de doenças; Epidemiologia e controle de qualidade de prod. de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2014.
