Interenxertia do trifoliateiro “Flying Dragon”no controle do desenvolvimento de mudas do tangoreiro “Murcott”
Data
2021-07-05
Autores
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O uso de porta-enxertos ananizantes e semi-ananizantes tem permitido um maior adensamento
de pomares cítricos. A interenxertia pode ser uma alternativa na busca por plantas de
desenvolvimento intermediário, combinando características de porta-enxertos vigorosos e
ananizantes. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o uso de interenxerto do trifoliateiro 'Flying
Dragon' sobre a desenvolvimento vegetativo e as características fisiológicas e anatômicas do
tangoreiro 'Murcott' enxertado em porta-enxertos vigorosos. Para isso, realizou-se a enxertia por
borbulhia da variedade-copa sobre os porta-enxertos limoeiro
(S) e trifoliateiro
(C), citrumeleiro
(FD). Posteriormente, as plantas sobre o FD foram
interenxertadas por garfagem nos porta-enxertos C e S, em diferentes comprimentos do
interenxerto (5, 10 e 15 cm). O uso de interenxertos de FD reduziu o comprimento de brotação
da copa; a massa seca de folhas, de raiz, e total da planta; o comprimento e o diâmetro de raízes
em relação às plantas não interenxertadas, independentemente do porta-enxerto (C ou S).
Plantas enxertadas sobre S tiveram sua área foliar reduzida pelo uso de interenxertos de FD,
enquanto, nas enxertadas sobre C, a redução ocorreu apenas sobre interenxertos de 10 e 15 cm.
por interenxertos de 5 cm, onde também houve uma redução no diâmetro médio dos vasos. Isso
resultou em redução na condutividade hidráulica do xilema sobre o porta-enxerto C, fato só
observado sobre interenxertos de 15 cm, nas plantas enxertadas no porta-enxerto S. A
interenxertia não afetou o teor de clorofila total das folhas, nem o rendimento quântico máximo
do fotossistema II. Utilizando-se o porta-enxerto S, a assimilação líquida de CO 2 e a eficiência
de carboxilação foram incrementadas nas plantas com interenxertos de 5 cm. Já a condutividade
estomática foi aumentada nas plantas interenxertadas, independentemente do porta-enxerto. A
análise conjunta das variáveis de crescimento, estruturais e fisiológicas dá suporte a respostas
de adaptação, sem estresse, da variedade copa combinadas com as variedades enxerto e
interenxerto na etapa de produção de mudas
Palavras-chave: Citrus spp. Poncirus trifoliata. Anatomia do xilema. Trocas gasosas.
The use of dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks allow a higher tree number per area in citrus orchards. Intergrafting can be used as an alternative for the development of intermediate plants allowing the combination of vigorous and dwarfing rootstocks characteristics. In this context, the study has as objective to evaluate the use of 'Flying Dragon' trifoliate intergraft on the vegetative development, physiological and anatomical of 'Murcott' tangor tree grafted under vigorous rootstocks. For this purpose, budding of the scion cultivar was performed on rootstocks. Lately, the plants on the FD were grafted onto C and S rootstocks, at different interstock lengths (5, 10, and 15 cm). Regardless of rootstock (C or S), there was a scion length, root dry mass, leaves dry mass and plant dry mass, diameter and root length reduction in relation to non-interstocked plants. Plants grafted onto S had their leaf area reduced using FD interstocks, while for those grafted onto C, the reduction occurred only on 10 and 15 cm interstocks. The xylem vessel density of 'Murcott' tangor grafted onto C was increased by 5 cm lenght interstocks, where there was also a reduction in the average diameter. As a consequence, a reduction in the xylem hydraulic conductivity of scion on the rootstock C was observed, an effect only seen on 15 cm length interstock grafted on S rootstock.The intergrafting did not affect the leaves chlorophyll content, nor the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II. Plant with 5 cm length interstock increased the net CO 2 assimilation and carboxylation efficiency on S rootstock. Besides, the interstock improved stomatal conductivity regardless of the rootstock. The adaption responses, in the absence of stress, of the crown variety combined with the graft and intergraft varieties at the seedling production stage, were revealed by multivariate analysis of growth, structural, and physiological characteristics. Keywords: Citrus spp. Poncirus trifoliata. Xylem anatomy. Gas analyzer.
The use of dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks allow a higher tree number per area in citrus orchards. Intergrafting can be used as an alternative for the development of intermediate plants allowing the combination of vigorous and dwarfing rootstocks characteristics. In this context, the study has as objective to evaluate the use of 'Flying Dragon' trifoliate intergraft on the vegetative development, physiological and anatomical of 'Murcott' tangor tree grafted under vigorous rootstocks. For this purpose, budding of the scion cultivar was performed on rootstocks. Lately, the plants on the FD were grafted onto C and S rootstocks, at different interstock lengths (5, 10, and 15 cm). Regardless of rootstock (C or S), there was a scion length, root dry mass, leaves dry mass and plant dry mass, diameter and root length reduction in relation to non-interstocked plants. Plants grafted onto S had their leaf area reduced using FD interstocks, while for those grafted onto C, the reduction occurred only on 10 and 15 cm interstocks. The xylem vessel density of 'Murcott' tangor grafted onto C was increased by 5 cm lenght interstocks, where there was also a reduction in the average diameter. As a consequence, a reduction in the xylem hydraulic conductivity of scion on the rootstock C was observed, an effect only seen on 15 cm length interstock grafted on S rootstock.The intergrafting did not affect the leaves chlorophyll content, nor the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II. Plant with 5 cm length interstock increased the net CO 2 assimilation and carboxylation efficiency on S rootstock. Besides, the interstock improved stomatal conductivity regardless of the rootstock. The adaption responses, in the absence of stress, of the crown variety combined with the graft and intergraft varieties at the seedling production stage, were revealed by multivariate analysis of growth, structural, and physiological characteristics. Keywords: Citrus spp. Poncirus trifoliata. Xylem anatomy. Gas analyzer.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citrus, Poncirus trifoliata, Xilema - Anatomia, Troca gasosa em plantas
Citação
BARREIROS, Ralph Bonandi. Interenxertia do trifoliateiro “Flying Dragon”no controle do desenvolvimento de mudas do tangoreiro “Murcott”. 2021. 55 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2021.