Efeito da relação triptofano: lisina digestíveis sobre o desempenho e respostas imunológicas em suínos desafiados com LPS e digestibilidade de fontes de aminoácidos
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Objetivou-se avaliar a relação Trip DIE: Lis DIE sobre desempenho e respostas imunológicas em suínos em crescimento após desafio com LPS, cento e vinte suínos machos inteiros com peso médio de 16.5 ± 0.50 kg, foram distribuídos em blocos casualizados, em 4 tratamentos com 10 repetições e 3 animais por unidade experimental (UE). Os tratamentos experimentais consistiram em relações Trip DIE: Lis DIE de 16%, 18%, 21% e 24% na dieta, obtidas a partir da suplementação de L- triptofano. Foram avaliados o peso corporal (PC) final, ganho de peso médio diário (GPMD), consumo de ração médio diário (CRMD) e conversão alimentar (CA) dos animais. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas aos 21 dias de experimento para dosagem de serotonina sérica, e aos 26 dias foi realizada a inoculação de lipopolissacarídeo de E. coli (LPS) para indução do desafio imunológico dos animais e, posteriormente foi realizada coleta de sangue para avaliar as citocinas pró- inflamatórias. Suínos alimentados com a relação de 16% Trip DIE: Lis DIE apresentaram menor PC final. Respostas quadráticas (P < 0.05) foram observadas para PC final e CA com o aumento da Trip DIE: Lis DIE, com maior PC final e menor CA observados com 22.05 e 21% de Trip DIE: Lis DIE, respectivamente. As relações Trip DIE: Lis DIE promoveram aumento linear (P < 0.05) no GPMD e tendência linear (P = 0.056) do CRMD. Não foram observados efeitos (P > 0.10) das relações de Trip DIE: Lis DIE sobre a concentração de serotonina. Aumento na dosagem das citocinas (GM-CSF, IFN γ, IL-1 α, IL-1 β, IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18 e TNFα) foram observados nos suínos desafiados com LPS (P < 0.10) quando comparados aos animais não desafiados. Houve efeito de interação (P < 0.10) para IL-2 e IL-18. As relações Trip DIE: Lis DIE entre 21 e 24% otimizam as respostas de desempenho para os leitões de 16 a 33 kg de peso vivo, e possibilitam uma modulação na resposta imunológica quando os animais são submetidos a desafios agudo com LPS. Foi determinada a digestibilidade ileal estandardizada (DIE) de aminoácidos em diferentes fontes de triptofano. Doze suínos com cânula T no íleo, com peso inicial de 44,78 ± 3,63 kg, foram distribuídos em um delineamento de quadrado latino incompleto composto por três tratamentos, cada um com três repetições e dois blocos repetidos ao longo do tempo, totalizando seis repetições por tratamento experimental. Os tratamentos consistiram em uma mistura de aminoácidos cristalinos com L-triptofano (LAAs), resíduo de biomassa de triptofano (Prosin) e uma dieta isenta de proteína (DIP). Os resultados indicaram diferenças significativas (P < 0,05) nos coeficientes de DIE da proteína bruta, com maior digestibilidade para LAAs (101,26%) em comparação com o Prosin (73,40%). Para os aminoácidos essenciais, observaram-se diferenças significativas (P < 0,05) na DIE para Trip, Fen, His, Ile, Leu, Lis, Met, Met + Cis, Tre e Val. LAAs mostraram uma digestibilidade superior de Trip (107,73%) em relação ao Prosin (89,25%). Para os demais aminoácidos, as comparações entre LAAs e Prosin revelaram diferenças significativas (P < 0,05), com digestibilidade superior para os LAAs. Os aminoácidos não essenciais também apresentaram diferenças significativas (P < 0,05) em todas as comparações entre LAAs e Prosin, com LAAs mostrando coeficientes de DIE superiores. Os valores de aminoácidos digestíveis ileais confirmam que os aminoácidos essenciais de LAAs são altamente digestíveis para suínos em crescimento, enquanto a biomassa de triptofano demonstra valores consideráveis de digestibilidade ileal estandardizada de aminoácidos, especialmente para o triptofano, o que sugere sua viabilidade na formulação de dietas para suínos. Palavras-chave: L-Triptofano. Aminoácidos. Desempenho. Digestibilidade. Suínos. Desafio.
The objective was to evaluate the effect of the SID Tryp: SID Lys ratio on performance and immune responses in growing pigs after an LPS challenge. One hundred and twenty intact male pigs with an average weight of 16.5 ± 0.50 kg were randomly assigned to a block design, consisting of four treatments with 10 replicates and 3 animals per experimental unit (EU). The experimental treatments consisted of SID Tryp: SID Lys ratios of 16%, 18%, 21%, and 24% in the diet, obtained from L- tryptophan supplementation. Final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were evaluated. Blood samples were collected on day 21 of the experiment to measure serum serotonin levels, and on day 26, E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered to induce immune challenge in the animals, followed by blood collection to evaluate pro- inflammatory cytokines. Pigs fed the 16% SID Tryp: SID Lys ratio had the lowest final BW. Quadratic responses (P < 0.05) were observed for final BW and FCR with increasing SID Tryp: SID Lys ratios, with the highest final BW and lowest FCR observed at 22.05% and 21% SID Tryp: SID Lys, respectively. The SID Tryp: SID Lys ratios promoted a linear increase (P < 0.05) in ADG and a linear trend (P = 0.056) in ADFI. No effects (P > 0.10) of SID Tryp: SID Lys ratios on serotonin concentration were observed. Increased cytokine levels (GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, and TNFα) were observed in LPS-challenged pigs (P < 0.10) compared to non-challenged animals. An interaction effect (P < 0.10) was observed for IL-2 and IL-18. SID Tryp: SID Lys ratios between 21% and 24% optimize performance responses for pigs weighing 16 to 33 kg and allow for modulation of the immune response when animals are subjected to an acute LPS challenge. The standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids in different tryptophan sources was determined. Twelve pigs with T-cannulas in the ileum, with an initial weight of 44.78 ± 3.63 kg were allocated in an incomplete Latin square design with three treatments, each with three repetitions and two blocks repeated over time, totaling six repetitions per experimental treatment. The treatments consisted of a crystalline amino acid mixture with L-tryptophan (LAAs), tryptophan biomass residue (Prosin), and a protein- free diet (PFD). The results indicated significant differences (P < 0.05) in SID coefficients of crude protein, with higher digestibility for LAAs (101.26%) compared to Prosin (73.40%). For essential amino acids, significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed in SID for Tryp, Phe, His, Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, Met+Cys, Thr, and Val. LAAs showed higher Tryp digestibility (107.73%) compared to Prosin (89.25%). For the other amino acids, comparisons between LAAs and Prosin revealed significant differences (P < 0.05), with higher digestibility for LAAs. Non-essential amino acids also showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in all comparisons between LAAs and Prosin, with LAAs demonstrating superior SID coefficients. The digestible ileal amino acid values confirm that the essential amino acids in LAAs are highly digestible for growing pigs, while tryptophan biomass demonstrates considerable standardized ileal digestibility values for amino acids, especially tryptophan, suggesting its viability in swine diet formulation. Keywords: L-Tryptophan. Amino acids. Performance. Digestibility. Pigs. Challenge.
The objective was to evaluate the effect of the SID Tryp: SID Lys ratio on performance and immune responses in growing pigs after an LPS challenge. One hundred and twenty intact male pigs with an average weight of 16.5 ± 0.50 kg were randomly assigned to a block design, consisting of four treatments with 10 replicates and 3 animals per experimental unit (EU). The experimental treatments consisted of SID Tryp: SID Lys ratios of 16%, 18%, 21%, and 24% in the diet, obtained from L- tryptophan supplementation. Final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were evaluated. Blood samples were collected on day 21 of the experiment to measure serum serotonin levels, and on day 26, E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered to induce immune challenge in the animals, followed by blood collection to evaluate pro- inflammatory cytokines. Pigs fed the 16% SID Tryp: SID Lys ratio had the lowest final BW. Quadratic responses (P < 0.05) were observed for final BW and FCR with increasing SID Tryp: SID Lys ratios, with the highest final BW and lowest FCR observed at 22.05% and 21% SID Tryp: SID Lys, respectively. The SID Tryp: SID Lys ratios promoted a linear increase (P < 0.05) in ADG and a linear trend (P = 0.056) in ADFI. No effects (P > 0.10) of SID Tryp: SID Lys ratios on serotonin concentration were observed. Increased cytokine levels (GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, and TNFα) were observed in LPS-challenged pigs (P < 0.10) compared to non-challenged animals. An interaction effect (P < 0.10) was observed for IL-2 and IL-18. SID Tryp: SID Lys ratios between 21% and 24% optimize performance responses for pigs weighing 16 to 33 kg and allow for modulation of the immune response when animals are subjected to an acute LPS challenge. The standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids in different tryptophan sources was determined. Twelve pigs with T-cannulas in the ileum, with an initial weight of 44.78 ± 3.63 kg were allocated in an incomplete Latin square design with three treatments, each with three repetitions and two blocks repeated over time, totaling six repetitions per experimental treatment. The treatments consisted of a crystalline amino acid mixture with L-tryptophan (LAAs), tryptophan biomass residue (Prosin), and a protein- free diet (PFD). The results indicated significant differences (P < 0.05) in SID coefficients of crude protein, with higher digestibility for LAAs (101.26%) compared to Prosin (73.40%). For essential amino acids, significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed in SID for Tryp, Phe, His, Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, Met+Cys, Thr, and Val. LAAs showed higher Tryp digestibility (107.73%) compared to Prosin (89.25%). For the other amino acids, comparisons between LAAs and Prosin revealed significant differences (P < 0.05), with higher digestibility for LAAs. Non-essential amino acids also showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in all comparisons between LAAs and Prosin, with LAAs demonstrating superior SID coefficients. The digestible ileal amino acid values confirm that the essential amino acids in LAAs are highly digestible for growing pigs, while tryptophan biomass demonstrates considerable standardized ileal digestibility values for amino acids, especially tryptophan, suggesting its viability in swine diet formulation. Keywords: L-Tryptophan. Amino acids. Performance. Digestibility. Pigs. Challenge.
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MOTTA, Stephane Alverina Briguente da. Efeito da relação triptofano: lisina digestíveis sobre o desempenho e respostas imunológicas em suínos desafiados com LPS e digestibilidade de fontes de aminoácidos. 2024. 61 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
