Análise do comportamento tático em diferentes configurações de jogo: contribuições para o processo de formação no futebol
Data
2020-08-31
Autores
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Objetivou-se com esse trabalho analisar o comportamento tático de jovens jogadores em diferentes configurações de jogo e identificar as suas contribuições para o processo de formação no futebol. O trabalho é composto de 3 artigos científicos. O primeiro objetivou revisar a literatura sistematicamente a fim de compreender o comportamento de jogadores e equipes de futebol em jogos realizados em diferentes configurações de jogo, de modo a contribuir para a identificação de lacunas para a realização de futuros estudos. Com este estudo observou-se que há uma pluralidade de fatores que influenciam os comportamentos de jogadores, que emergem durante os jogos, devendo estes serem elementos basilares na construção das estruturas dos treinos e jogos, objetivando a melhora no desempenho de jogadores e equipes. O segundo estudo analisou o comportamento tático de jovens jogadores (sub-08 ao sub-12) em jogos formais e jogos reduzidos, sob a perspectiva da modelação tática e da dinâmica de interações. Foram realizados três jogos por categoria em cada formato (formal e reduzido), dos quais foram analisados os comportamentos nas fases e momentos do jogo, através das variáveis da modelação tática, e as interações realizadas através dos passes, por meio das variáveis de análise de redes sociais. Os jogos reduzidos, demandam um jogo com maior velocidade e amplitude na circulação da bola, porém com menor duração. Em contrapartida os jogos formais podem contribuir para uma maior participação, por terem mais espaço e tempo para agir, diminuindo a pressão dos adversários durante as ações. O terceiro artigo teve por objetivo comparar o comportamento tático de jovens jogadores (sub-08 ao sub-12) ao de jogadores profissionais, de modo a identificar qual é a contribuição dos jogos formais e reduzidos no processo de formação. Além da realização da análise dos jogos formais e reduzidos, foram analisados nove jogos do Campeonato Brasileiro 2018 como padrões de referência de comportamento. Comparou-se os comportamentos em cada formato de jogo com os das equipes profissionais, objetivando identificar as contribuições para o processo de formação. Em termos de participação, o jogo formal, tal qual é jogado nos profissionais, pode contribuir de forma melhor, por terem mais espaço e tempo para agirem. Já os jogos reduzidos, proporcionam um ambiente com demandas semelhantes às dos profissionais, como a velocidade e a amplitude na circulação da bola, mas respeitando as condições dos jovens jogadores. Além do mais, oferece estímulos importantes para a formação, contribuindo com a motivação e a manutenção do foco no objetivo do jogo. As adaptações nas estruturas se justificam pelas diferenças entre crianças e adultos, além de apresentar demandas benéficas para o alcance dos objetivos do processo formativo, alinhados aos conteúdos e respeitando as capacidades e as etapas do desenvolvimento dos jogadores. Palavras-chave: Futebol. Formação. Jogos reduzidos.
The objective of the study was to analyze the tactical behavior of young players in different game formats and to identify their contributions to the soccer formation process. The work consists of three scientific articles. The first aimed to systematically review the literature in order to understand the behavior of soccer players and teams in games played in different game formats, in order to contribute to the identification of gaps for future studies. With this study, it can be seen that there are a plurality of factors that influence the behaviors of players, which emerge during games, and these should be basic elements in the construction of training and game structures, aiming at improving the performance of players and teams. The second study was carried out to analyze the tactical behavior of young players (U8 to U12) in formal game format and small-sided games format, from the perspective of tactical modeling and the dynamics of interactions. There were three games per category in each format (formal and small-sided), of which the behaviors in the phases and moments of the game were analyzed, through the variables of the tactical modeling, and the interactions performed through the passes, through the variables of analysis of social networks. The small-sided games format, demand a game with greater speed and amplitude in the circulation of the ball, but with less duration. In contrast, formal games can contribute to greater participation, as they have more space and time to act, reducing the pressure of opponents during actions. The third article aimed to compare the tactical behavior of young players (U8 to U12) with that of professional players, in order to identify what is the contribution of formal and small-sided games in the training process. In addition to the analysis of formal and small-sided games, nine games of the 2018 Brazilian Championship (Brasilerão Série A) were analyzed as benchmarks of behavior. The behaviors in each game format were compared with those of professional teams, aiming to identify the contributions to the training process. In terms of participation, the formal game format, as played by professionals, can contribute better, as they have more space and time to act. The small-sided games format, on the other hand, provide an environment with demands similar to those of the professionals, such as speed and amplitude in the circulation of the ball, but respecting the conditions of the young players. In addition, it offers important stimuli for training, contributing to motivation and maintaining focus on the objective of the game. The adaptations in the structures are justified by the differences between children and adults, in addition to presenting beneficial demands for achieving the objectives of the training process, aligned with the contents and respecting the capacities and stages of the players' development. Keywords: Soccer. Youth development. Small-sided games.
The objective of the study was to analyze the tactical behavior of young players in different game formats and to identify their contributions to the soccer formation process. The work consists of three scientific articles. The first aimed to systematically review the literature in order to understand the behavior of soccer players and teams in games played in different game formats, in order to contribute to the identification of gaps for future studies. With this study, it can be seen that there are a plurality of factors that influence the behaviors of players, which emerge during games, and these should be basic elements in the construction of training and game structures, aiming at improving the performance of players and teams. The second study was carried out to analyze the tactical behavior of young players (U8 to U12) in formal game format and small-sided games format, from the perspective of tactical modeling and the dynamics of interactions. There were three games per category in each format (formal and small-sided), of which the behaviors in the phases and moments of the game were analyzed, through the variables of the tactical modeling, and the interactions performed through the passes, through the variables of analysis of social networks. The small-sided games format, demand a game with greater speed and amplitude in the circulation of the ball, but with less duration. In contrast, formal games can contribute to greater participation, as they have more space and time to act, reducing the pressure of opponents during actions. The third article aimed to compare the tactical behavior of young players (U8 to U12) with that of professional players, in order to identify what is the contribution of formal and small-sided games in the training process. In addition to the analysis of formal and small-sided games, nine games of the 2018 Brazilian Championship (Brasilerão Série A) were analyzed as benchmarks of behavior. The behaviors in each game format were compared with those of professional teams, aiming to identify the contributions to the training process. In terms of participation, the formal game format, as played by professionals, can contribute better, as they have more space and time to act. The small-sided games format, on the other hand, provide an environment with demands similar to those of the professionals, such as speed and amplitude in the circulation of the ball, but respecting the conditions of the young players. In addition, it offers important stimuli for training, contributing to motivation and maintaining focus on the objective of the game. The adaptations in the structures are justified by the differences between children and adults, in addition to presenting beneficial demands for achieving the objectives of the training process, aligned with the contents and respecting the capacities and stages of the players' development. Keywords: Soccer. Youth development. Small-sided games.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Futebol - Jogos, Futebol - Treinamento, Jogadores de futebol
Citação
SILVINO, Marcos Paulo de Freitas. Análise do comportamento tático em diferentes configurações de jogo: contribuições para o processo de formação no futebol. 2020. 167 f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação Física) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2020.