Aplicação de uma sequência didática para um estudante cego: foco na aprendizagem do conteúdo de soluções
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A formação educacional da Pessoa com Deficiência perpassa por uma trajetória que revela a adoção de práticas pedagógicas e de reabilitação, com base nas singularidades de cada pessoa. No entanto, os aspectos inclusivos têm sido incorporados à educação das pessoas cegas, considerando que se verifica um aumento desses estudantes nas escolas regulares. Isso leva a alterações nas metodologias de ensino, buscando contemplar as demandas educacionais de maneira justa e equânime. Assim, esta pesquisa apresenta uma proposta didática para o ensino de Química voltado a estudantes cegos, centrando-se na aprendizagem do conteúdo de Soluções Químicas. O objetivo foi apresentar uma proposta didática para o ensino de Química a estudantes cegos, com abordagem multissensorial. Buscou-se, para tanto, explorar os sentidos remanescentes do estudante para desenvolver conceitos científicos e avaliar as contribuições da intervenção. Em termos metodológicos, temos uma abordagem qualitativa, com uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório e descritivo, que permitiu análises detalhadas das interações entre o estudante e os recursos inclusivos. Além disso, os métodos adotados evidenciam o caráter de um estudo de caso. Dessa forma, fizemos uma sequência didática adaptada para um estudante cego congênito no Ensino Médio, com recursos multissensoriais, tal como modelos táteis, sensações palatáveis e materiais em Braille. Durante a intervenção foram explorados conceitos relativos à concentração, soluto, solvente, além da distinção entre sistemas homogêneos e heterogêneos com exemplos contextuais. A pesquisa contou com a participação ativa do estudante, cuja interação com os recursos revelou avanços na compreensão conceitual. Além disso, destacamos a importância da apostila em Braille como recurso educacional para desenvolver uma aprendizagem adaptada e autônoma. Os resultados demonstraram que as práticas pedagógicas inclusivas instituídas nas aulas foram capazes de superar barreiras comunicacionais e educacionais, promovendo a equidade e a participação efetiva do estudante cego nas aulas de Química. Dessa forma, concluímos que a inclusão demanda de um planejamento pedagógico criterioso e a criação de recursos adaptados, que atendam as singularidades do estudante e favoreça a sua autonomia e protagonismo no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de uma Química que seja mais inclusiva. Palavras-chave: Educação de Cegos; Química; Soluções; Exploração Multissensorial.
The educational training of people with disabilities has been historically erased. However, nowadays, inclusive aspects are incorporated into social practices, especially in the education of blind people, considering that there is an increase in the number of these students in regular schools. This leads to changes in the teaching methodologies used, seeking to meet the educational demands of students in a fair and equitable manner. Thus, this research presents a didactic proposal for teaching Chemistry to blind students, focusing on learning the content of chemical solutions. To this end, we seek to explore the various senses, with emphasis on touch, taste, hearing and smell. In methodological terms, we have a qualitative approach, with exploratory and descriptive research, allowing detailed analyses of the interactions between the student and the inclusive resources used. In addition, the methods adopted in the work demonstrate the nature of a case study. To this end, we developed and applied a teaching sequence adapted for a congenitally blind high school student, using multisensory resources, such as tactile models, palatable sensations and Braille materials. During the intervention, fundamental concepts of chemical solutions were explored, such as concentration, solute, solvent and the distinction between homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, connecting the concepts to the student's daily life. The research included the active participation of the student, whose interaction with the materials developed revealed significant advances in conceptual understanding and engagement with the content. In addition, we highlight the importance of the Braille handout as a fundamental tool for the development of adapted and autonomous learning. Thus, the results demonstrated that the inclusive pedagogical practices instituted in the classes were able to overcome communication and educational barriers, promoting equity and the effective participation of the blind student in Chemistry classes. Thus, we conclude that inclusion demands careful pedagogical planning and the creation of adapted resources that meet the student's singularities and favor their autonomy and protagonism in the teaching and learning process of inclusive Chemistry. Keywords: Education of the Blind; Chemistry; Solutions; Multisensory Exploration.
The educational training of people with disabilities has been historically erased. However, nowadays, inclusive aspects are incorporated into social practices, especially in the education of blind people, considering that there is an increase in the number of these students in regular schools. This leads to changes in the teaching methodologies used, seeking to meet the educational demands of students in a fair and equitable manner. Thus, this research presents a didactic proposal for teaching Chemistry to blind students, focusing on learning the content of chemical solutions. To this end, we seek to explore the various senses, with emphasis on touch, taste, hearing and smell. In methodological terms, we have a qualitative approach, with exploratory and descriptive research, allowing detailed analyses of the interactions between the student and the inclusive resources used. In addition, the methods adopted in the work demonstrate the nature of a case study. To this end, we developed and applied a teaching sequence adapted for a congenitally blind high school student, using multisensory resources, such as tactile models, palatable sensations and Braille materials. During the intervention, fundamental concepts of chemical solutions were explored, such as concentration, solute, solvent and the distinction between homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, connecting the concepts to the student's daily life. The research included the active participation of the student, whose interaction with the materials developed revealed significant advances in conceptual understanding and engagement with the content. In addition, we highlight the importance of the Braille handout as a fundamental tool for the development of adapted and autonomous learning. Thus, the results demonstrated that the inclusive pedagogical practices instituted in the classes were able to overcome communication and educational barriers, promoting equity and the effective participation of the blind student in Chemistry classes. Thus, we conclude that inclusion demands careful pedagogical planning and the creation of adapted resources that meet the student's singularities and favor their autonomy and protagonism in the teaching and learning process of inclusive Chemistry. Keywords: Education of the Blind; Chemistry; Solutions; Multisensory Exploration.
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SILVA, Liliane Maria Vieira. Aplicação de uma sequência didática para um estudante cego: foco na aprendizagem do conteúdo de soluções. 2025. 92 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Educação em Ciências e Matemática) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
